I-genus loosestrife imelwa izitshalo ze-herbaceous, ezingaba minyaka yonke, zisetshenziswa kanye noma zithambe. Lolu hlobo lommeleli we-Primrose womndeni. Isitshalo esinjalo sabizwa ngokuthi i-loosestrife, ngoba amahlamvu aso afana kakhulu ne-willow (eRussia yayibizwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zamawill). Ngokuqondene negama lesayensi, lezi zimbali zaqanjwa ngegama uLysimachus, owayengomunye wababusi bakwa-A. the Great, waba umbusi kaThrace nenkosi yaseMakedoniya. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, ochwepheshe bekholelwa ngephutha ukuthi kwakunguLysimachus owathola lowo mqashi. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu. Izinhlobo eziningi zitholakala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, futhi ngokunembile, e-East Asia naseNyakatho Melika. EChina, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-70 zezitshalo ezinjalo. Kunezinhlobo ezikhula eNingizimu Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. Futhi, lezi zimbali zasendle zingatholakala engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, eCaucasus naseCentral Asia.
Izici ezithandekayo
I-verbenace yesitshalo se-herbaceous ingaba minyaka yonke, i-biennial noma perennial. Ama-Shots angakwazi ukukhasa noma aqonde, futhi amapuleti amaqabunga alula e-alternate alandelanayo aphikisanayo noma anezikhonkwane. Izimbali zingaba yingxenye yecicmbose noma ama-panicles abunjwe ngophawu, noma abe yi-axillary eyodwa. Zipendwe ngombala ophuzi, omhlophe noma okhanyayo. Izithelo ziyibhokisi le-ovoid noma eliyisiyingi.
UVerbeynik uthathwa njengesihlobo samasiko afana ne-lactarius, i-primrose, i-cyclamen ne-ambilanthus. Lesi sitshalo siyaphawuleka ngokuzithoba kwawo, futhi yize sinokubukeka okungathandeki, sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqambi bengadi. Iqiniso ukuthi isiko elinjalo liqhakaza kakhulu ngokunethezeka futhi isikhathi eside.
Ukufakelwa kweziqaqa emhlabathini ovulekile
Isikhathi sokutshala
Ukuze kwenziwe kabusha i-loosestrife, kusetshenziswa indlela yokukhiqiza (imbewu) kanye neyezitshalo. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngoJuni noma ngoSepthemba (ngaphambi kobusika). Cishe zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinjalo zithanda ukukhula endaweni enomthunzi noma emthunzini. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-loosestrife iyanconywa ukuthi itshalwe e-penumbra, kepha ingakhula futhi endaweni enokhanya kahle. I-loosestrife ebubende ingatshalwa kuphela endaweni evulekile nokhanyayo kahle.
Izici Zokufika
Indawo efanelekile yokutshala le mbali kufanele ibe nomswakama nenhlabathi evulekile enempilo, kuyilapho amanzi asemhlabathini kufanele esondele kakhulu ebusweni bomhlaba. Kufanele wazi ukuthi i-loosestrife yenziwe imali, i-loosestrife ingumabhulashi futhi isisulu semvelo, uma sifisa, singatshalwa endaweni yokugcina amanzi engajuli kangako ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kungaba yinoma yikuphi, okuwukuphela kwento ekhulayo kungakhuli kahle emhlabathini wobumba.
Ukufakelwa i-loosestrife kwenziwa ngemuva kokuthi inhlabathi ivundiswe ngomquba noma umquba obolile. Ukutshala ngokwakho akufani nokutshala ezinye izitshalo engadini. Uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo kufanele lubekwe emgodini omncane owembiwe ngaphambili, ogcwele inhlabathi, kufanele lunyathelwe. Izimbali ezitshaliwe zidinga ukuthambisa okuhle. Lapho utshala phakathi kwezihlahla, kufanele kubhekwe ibanga elingamasentimitha okungenani angama-50.
Ukunakekelwa Kokunakekela
Ukulima i-loosestrife kulula, futhi ngisho nomlimi ongenalwazi angabhekana nakho. Uma imbali itshalwe emhlabathini omanzi, awudingi ukuyinisela nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, ngesomiso isikhathi eside, kusadingeka ukunisela ukuthambisa okucekeceke. Akubalulekile ukondla isitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kodwa-ke, ekwindla sekwephuzile, ama-humus kufanele afakwe enhlabathini.
I-Verbeynik isitshalo sokuhlukumeza, izinhlobo eziningi zibizwa ngokuthi yi-ciliated verbose, emabala, noma ngombala omfushane. Ukunciphisa ukukhula kwembali enjalo, kuyadingeka ukumba iziteshi ezizungeze izihlahla (izingcezu zepulasitiki noma zensimbi, noma ungathatha amashidi wesilayidi angenasidingo). Uma lokhu kungenziwa, maduze nje loosestrife uzokhula engadini yonke.
Lapho ukuqhakaza sekuphelile, kuyadingeka ukusika wonke ama-inflorescence awonakele. Ukuqashwa kwesokudla ekwindla, udinga ukusika wonke amahlumela.
Izimbali
Zonke izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo ziyaqhakaza ngezikhathi ezihlukile futhi zinamazinga ahlukahlukene wokuhlobisa. Lokhu kuzochazwa ngemininingwane eminingi engxenyeni ethi "Izinhlobo eziphambili nezinhlobonhlobo".
Ukufakelwa
Ukuze i-loosestrife ikhule futhi ikhule ngendlela ejwayelekile, idinga ukuthungwa njalo. Endaweni efanayo, imbali enjalo ingatshalwa iminyaka eyi-10. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni embalwa nje ngemuva kokutshala i-loosestrife endaweni evulekile, iyoba isihlahla esithuthukisiwe, esizoba nenani elikhulu lezingane. Isihlahla esinjalo kumele sitshalwe kabusha. Kunconywa ukufakelwa i-loosestrife ekuqaleni kwenkathi yentwasahlobo noma ekwindla, lapho ukuwa kwamaqabunga sekuphela.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Isitshalo esinjalo simelana kakhulu nazo zombili izifo nezinambuzane. Ama-aphid kuphela angahlala kuwo, angaqedwa ngosizo lomenzeli okhethekile, isibonelo, i-Antitlin noma iBiotlin.
Ukuzala Ngokuzenzisa
Sekushiwo ngenhla ukuthi i-loosestrife ingasatshalaliswa ngembewu, ukusikwa, ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla, kanye namahlumela ase-basal. Abalimi abanolwazi bathanda ukusabalalisa lesi sitshalo ngezindlela zemifino, uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqiza (imbewu) bathembeke kakhudlwana. Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi isihlahla esitshalwe embewini siqala ukuqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kwenziwa ngezinsuku zokugcina zikaMeyi noma ezokuqala - ngoJuni. Kodwa-ke, imbewu kufanele ihlukaniswe kuqala amasonto angama-6-8, ngoba lokhu kufakwa eshalofini lokuqandeka, elakhelwe imifino. Uma ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kuhlelwe ekwindla, khona-ke awudingi ukulungiselela imbewu, ngoba emhlabathini angabhekana ne-stratification yemvelo futhi entwasahlobo amahlumela anobungani kufanele avele.
Ungakhula i-loosestrife ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu efaneleke ihlelwe kabusha kufanele ihlwanyelwe, isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ebusweni wengxube yomhlabathi oswakanyisiwe, okufanele ube nesihlahla se-peat nesihlabathi. Isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi futhi sihlanzwe endaweni epholile (cishe ama-degree angama-15) nendawo ekhanyiswe kahle. Ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-1.5-2, amahlumela okuqala kufanele avele. Izitshalo eziqinile kufanele zitholwe ngokusho kweziqukathi ngazinye. Ukutshala izithombo ezilukhuni enhlabathini evulekile kwenziwa ngoJuni, kuyilapho kubhekwa ibanga elingamamitha phakathi kwezitshalo.
Futhi, lezi zimbali zingasakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Le nqubo yenziwa ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sentwasahlobo noma ekwindla ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Okokuqala, udinga ukuhlukanisa izingane ezihlahleni ezembiwe enhlabathini, bese uhlukanisa ihlathi ngokwazo libe izingxenye eziningi. Kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi i-Delenka ngayinye kufanele ibe nezimpande neziqu ezakhiwe kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho atshalwe emithonjeni ebilungiselelwe ngaphambili. Ukuqhakaza kwesimonyo esiqhamukayo kusuka ku-Delenok kungabonakala ngesizini ezayo. Ukunakekela i-Delenki kufanele kufane nesitshalo esidala.
Njengomthetho, ukusikwa kusetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwe-loosestrife enamehlo, ubude bayo ingahlukahluka kusuka ku-0,1 kuye ku-0 m. Ukuvunwa kwezithelo zokusika kwenziwa ngesikhathi inqubo yokuthena ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Izisiki ezingezansi zidinga ukucwiliswa emanzini. Lapho izimpande zakha phezu kwazo, ukusikeka kufanele kutshalwe emhlabathini oswakama omanzi, ngenkathi kukhethwa indawo enethunzi elithile.
Nakekela loosestrife zisetshenziswa ngemuva kokuqhakaza
Kwashiwo ngenhla ukuthi kwisitshalo esishwabene, kuyadingeka ukunqamula wonke ama-inflorescence ancibilikile. Ekwindla, izinhlobo eziqondile zidinga ukusika amahlumela. Ngemuva kwalokho, umquba noma i-humus kufanele ungezwe emhlabathini. Noma yiziphi izinhlobo ze-loosestrife ezilwa kakhulu nesithwathwa, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo asidingi indawo yokuhlala ebusika.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-loosestrife ezinezithombe namagama
Ngezansi kuzochazwa ngokuningiliziwe lezo zinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-loosestrife, ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi.
I-Loosestrife (Lysimachia vulgaris)
Lesi sitshalo se-herbaceous perennial ngokwemvelo singatholakala eNyakatho Afrika nase-Eforasia, kuyilapho sikhetha ukukhula eduze kwamaxhaphozi, amadamu, amahlathi kanye nasogwini lwezindikimba zamanzi ezahlukahlukene. Ukuphakama kwehlumela eliqondile kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-0,5 kuya ku-1 m. Isimbaza siyakhamba. Amapuleti amaqabunga angenawo wonke anokwakheka kwe-lanceolate; angashaywa ngekhwela noma ngokuhlukile. Ngaphezulu komhlaba kukhona i-pubescence, kanti ephezulu engenhla ibushelelezi. Izimbali ezimise okwentsimbi zipendwe ophuzi, phansi kwekhola kunethotho lemibala ebomvu onsundu. Izimbali ziyingxenye ye-apical panicle inflorescence. Izimbali zibonwa ngoJuni-Agasti. Le nhlobo ithathwa njengesitshalo soju, ayesabi ukuvela koketshezi enhlabathini. Uma ifunwa, ingatshalwa echibini elingashonile ekujuleni okungamasentimitha ayi-10.
I-loosestrife oak (Lysimachia nemorum)
Lolu hlobo lutholakala eYurophu ezimweni zemvelo. Ukhetha ukukhula eduze nemifula namachibi, kuyilapho isitshalo esinjalo sikhuphuka sivela emaphethelweni ezintaba siya endaweni engaphansi kwaso. Lesi sitshalo se-perennial sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-0.3. Amaqabunga amaqabunga makhulu futhi abanzi. Emigudwini ende izimbali eziphuzi olulodwa. Izimbali ziqala ngoMeyi, futhi ubude bawo bungamaviki ayisishiyagalombili.
Lilac (Lysimachia thyrsiflora), noma kizlyak
Imbali enjalo ithanda ukukhula kumanzi angajulile, kanye nasogwini lwezidumbu zamanzi. Isilo siyabuna. Amahlumela amile aqinile afinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-0.6. Izimbali ezincane eziphuzi zibonakala ziluhlaza ngenxa yokuthi zinama-stamens aphambili. Lezi zimbali ziyingxenye ye-fluffy axillary apical inflorescences, efinyelela ku-30 mm ubude. Ukuqala kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kwenzeka ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaMeyi noma ezokuqala - ngoJuni.
I-Loosestrife punctata (iLysimachia punctata)
Kutholakala ngemvelo emahlathini aseCentral and Western Europe. Ekupheleni kwe-rhizome ende kukhona i-whorl, equkethe amahlumela angama-4-6 angaphansi komhlaba. Phezu kwamahlumela aqondile kukhona i-pubescence. Amapuleti weqabunga le-Sedentary anesimo esibanzi se-lanceolate. Izimbali eziphuzi ze-leemon zitholakala esiqongweni sehlumela, elinegatsha elinamandla. Lolu hlobo luqala ukuqhakaza ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJuni noma owokuqala - ngoJulayi. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza cishe amasonto amane. Ngokutshala lolu hlobo, kunconywa ukukhetha izindawo ezinelanga. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
- Alexander. Umngcele omhlophe ugudla onqenqemeni lwamahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani.
- UGolden Alexander. Emigqeni yamaqabunga aluhlaza, umngcele wombala wegolide udlula eceleni.
Ukuqhakaza kweCantilever (iLysimachia congestiflora)
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo le nhlobo yiChina. Isitshalo esinjalo siphuzi - ngoba sinezimbali eziningi zombala ophuzi wegolide, ezisekelweni zamaphayini okukhona kuwo obomvu. Amahlamvu aluhlaza aluhlaza anemibala eluhlaza ecebile. Bafunde ngale nhlobo muva nje - ngonyaka ka 1992, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu:
- ULissy. Ama-inflorescence angama-spherical anemibala ephuzi. Amahlamvu aluhlaza.
- Ukuphuma kwelanga. Le nhlobonhlobo ixubgated, kumafulethi anamaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama kukhona umucu wombala ophuzi. Izimbali nazo ziphuzi.
- Umbhoxo wasePheresiya. Kumapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza kakhulu aluhlaza, kutholakala imithambo ebomvu. Izimbali ziphuzi.
- Ushokoledi wasePheresiya. Amacembe abubende, ekwindla awafi. Izimbali eziphuzi zegolide.
Umnduze we-loosestrife wesigodi (i-Lysimachia clethroides), noma i-loosestrife
Itholakala ngokwemvelo engxenyeni eseningizimu yePrimorsky Krai. Isigqi esi-pink-esimhlophe sentyatyambo enjalo sifana naleso somnduze wesigodi, kodwa asisincane kangako. Isiqu esivulekile esinamaqabunga sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-0,2 kuphela, ebusweni bakhona kukhona i-pubescence. Izimbali ezincane zombala omhlophe qhwa ziyingxenye yama-inflorescence aminyene anjenge-spike, afinyelela kubude obungamamitha ayi-2. Ama-blooms anjalo acashile ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJuni. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sicishe sibe yizinsuku eziyi-15-20. Lolu hlobo selutshaliwe kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
- Lady jane. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamamitha angama-0.6-0.9 Izimbali ziqala emasontweni ehlobo eledlule.
- UGeisha. Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile. Onqenqemeni lwamapuleti eshidi kukhona umngcele wombala wekhilimu.
I-loosestrife yenziwe imali (i-Lysimachia nummularia), noma uhlamvu lwemali olucolekileyo, noma udabuli we-loosestrife, noma itiye lokudonsela amanzi
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, le nhlobo ingatholakala eJapan, eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Lolu hlobo luthanda ukukhula emithini enomthunzi, emaphethelweni amachibi, ezindaweni ezigcwele izikhukhula kanye nasemagangeni ezinqolobane ezahlukahlukene nemifula. Lokhu kungapheli kuyintosembozo womhlaba. Ubude besiqu siqambe amanga cishe buba ngamamitha ayi-0.3. Ama-plates amaqabunga amaqabunga aphikisayo anama-petioles amafushane kanye nobude obuyi-25 mm. Izimbali ze-axial ezizodwa zinombala ophuzi futhi zifinyelela ububanzi obungama-25 mm. Lapho isitshalo siqhakaza, kuya ngezinga lokukhanya. Uma izihlahla zitshalwe endaweni enamabala amahle, khona-ke ukuqala kwezimbali kuzokwenzeka ezinsukwini zokugcina ngoMeyi noma ngoJuni. Lezi zinhlobo zingakha isembozo emithambekeni emaweni noma endaweni eyisicaba. Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yi-Aurea: umbala wamaqabunga amaqabunga aluhlaza-ophuzi, lesi sitshalo asinakho ukumelana nesithwathwa okuphezulu qhathanisa nezinhlobo eziphambili.
I-Purple loosestrife (Lysimachia aimurea), noma i-loosestrife ehlutshiwe (Lysimachia ciliata)
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, le nhlobo itholakala eNyakatho Melika. Isitshalo esivele saqina sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-0,45. Amapuleti amaqabunga abanzi anombala obanzi anombala obomvu ewayinini. Ama-inflorescence a-loose aqukethe izimbali ezincane ze-axillary eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zombala ophuzi. Le nhlobo iqhakaza ngo-Agasti, futhi kunconywa ukuyikhulisa ezindaweni ezivulekile kahle.
I-Loosestrife emnyama-nsomi (iLysimachia atropurpurea)
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo isitshalo esinjalo yiGrisi. Ukuphakama kwalesi sitshalo se-perennial kungahluka kusuka ku-0.45 kuya ku-0.9 m. Ukwakheka kwama-inflorescence amahle kakhulu abukeka njenge-spike kuhlanganisa inani elikhulu lezimbali zewayini elimnyama, cishe nombala omnyama. Onqenqemeni lwamaqabunga aluhlaza kukhona ukubumbana okuncane, okubonakala kahle kakhulu emahlahleni amancane. Izimbali ziqala ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJulayi. Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yiBeaujolais: umbala wezimbali zawo onsomi.
I-Loosestrife ephemeral (Lysimachia ephemerum)
Kutholakala endle eningizimu nentshonalanga yeYurophu. Lesi sitshalo esimelana nesithwathwa siyakhula ngokushesha ububanzi, futhi ekuphakameni singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-0.9 Emavikini asanda kwedlula ehlobo, ama-inflorescences abukeka njengamaqabunga aqukethe izimbali akhula esihlahleni. Kwenziwe kusukela ngekhulu le-19.
Izakhiwo zomuntu oosest:
Izici zokuphilisa ze-loosestrife
I-Verbeynik ejwayelekile ihluka ngokulungisa, i-analgesic, ukuphulukisa amanxeba kanye nomphumela we-heestatic. Kodwa-ke, umuthi wendabuko awunaki ukunaka kulesi sitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, komunye umuthi, imbali enjalo isetshenziselwa ukopha kwangaphakathi nohudo, kanye nokwelashwa kwamanxeba angapholi futhi aqinisayo, i-stomatitis, i-eczema kanye ne-thrush.
Ukwakheka kwalesi sitshalo kufaka ama-saponins, ama-tannins, ama-rutin, ama-carbohydrate, ama-silicic ne-ascorbic acid, ngakho-ke asetshenziswa kabanzi kwi-homeopathy.Ukwelashwa kwama-abscesses, amahlamvu kanye nezimbali zezitshalo, kuyanconywa ukufaka amapuleti amaqabunga amasha ezilondeni. Ezimpandeni ezomile, kulungiswa i-powder enezici ze-analgesic, kanye nekhono lokupholisa ukushiswa nokusikeka.
Ukufakwa kwe-loosestrife kungamisa ukopha kwangaphakathi. Ukuyilungiselela, udinga ukuxhuma i-1 tbsp. amanzi asanda kubiliswa no-1 isipuni esikhulu samahlamvu omisiwe. Ingxube efakiwe futhi eyisigaxa kufanele idakwe kathathu ngosuku kuze kudliwe nezinkezo ezinkulu ze-1-2.
I-loosestrife tincture isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela amandla ngemuva kokugula kanzima. Ukuyilungiselela, udinga ukuxhuma i-1 tbsp. i-vodka kanye nezimbotshana ezinkulu zamakhambi amasha. Isitsha esivalwe kahle sisuswa endaweni emnyama izinsuku ezingama-3-4 zokugcizelela. I-tincture ethosiwe ithathwa ngamaconsi angama-20 izikhathi ezi-3 noma ezine ngosuku.
Itiye lilungiswa futhi kusuka kulesi sitshalo, esisetshenziselwa izinhlungu ekhanda nokubanda. Ukuyilungiselela, udinga ukuxuba i-1 spoonful enkulu yamahlamvu we-rosemary, izimbali ze-pharmacy chamomile kanye notshani be-loosestrife. Thela ingxube ibe ngamaglasi amabili wamanzi abilisiwe asanda kubiliswa. Ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa, itiye lizolunga.
Contraindication
Izimali ezilungiselelwe ngesisekelo se-loosestrife azikwazi ukusetshenziselwa i-thrombosis, i-varicose veins, kanye neyabantu abanokuqina kwegazi okwenyuka, umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma onesifo i-sclerosis yemithambo yemilenze. Uma ingane inokhwehlela owomile, khona-ke ukumnika i-loosestrife kuyenqatshelwe.
