Isitshalo esihlala sikhulu kangako hhayi ami (Zamia) kuhlobene ngqo nomndeni wakwaZamiaceae. Inesiqu esikhulu esimise okomgqomo, kanye namahlamvu obumnandi be-cirrus. Lesi sitshalo sidabuka ezindaweni ezishisayo kanye nasezindaweni ezingaphansi kweMelika.
Uma uhumusha igama lalembali kusuka olimini lwesiLatin, kuvela - ukulahleka, ukulahleka. UZamiya wabiza ama-cones angenalutho. Futhi kulesi sitshalo, izitho zokuzala (strobils) ziyafana kakhulu nama-coniferous cones.
Lesi sigaxa esingahlali sikude kangako sino trunk obushelelezi, ophansi, ovame ukwenziwa ngaphansi komhlaba, ubude, budebhi. Isikhumba, isicwebezelayo, amaqabunga e-cirrus ayindilinga. Imiphetho yazo i-serated noma iqinile, kwisisekelo ihlukaniswe ngama-lobes (emincane futhi ebanzi). Imvamisa emaqabungeni amahlamvu parallel ebonakalayo abonakala ngokucacile, atholakala ngezansi, okuqala apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani abese eba yi-olive. Esibambeni esibushelelezi, kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona ameva ambalwa.
Lesi sitshalo sinhlobonhlobo. Isitshalo esidala esifinyelela ebudaleni sinamapheshana abesifazane abekwe phezu kwawo ama-megastrobils, aqukethe ama-corymbose sporophylls anokuhleleka okunehhala, futhi ngaphansi kwawo kwe-scute kukhona ama-ovules amabili alenga. Eqabwini lohlobo lwamaduna kukhona ama-microstrobiles. Lesi sitshalo esikhula kancane ekhaya blooms kuyaqabukela.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukukhanya
Uthanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo futhi uyakwazi ukubekezelela kalula ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezinyangeni zasehlobo ezishisayo ntambama isitshalo kufanele sibe nomthunzi. Ukwenza i-rosette enhle, efanayo, enamaqabunga, isundu kufanele liguqulwe njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kancane kancane ngezinhlangothi ezihlukile zibheke ekukhanyeni.
Imodi yokushisa
Isitshalo se-thermophilic kakhulu, okuthi ngenkathi efudumele sidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokushisa okwanele (kusuka kuma-25 kuye kwangama-28 degrees). Okuqukethwe okunconyiwe okupholile (ama-degree angu-14-17) ebusika. Igumbi lapho kutholakala khona ujamu kumele lingeniswe ngokuhlelekile, noma kunjalo, ngasikhathi sinye, lilivikele ekungeneni komoya obandayo ligeleza.
Umswakama
Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zomswakama womoya. Cishe ngokulinganayo ikhula kahle futhi ikhula ngomswakama ophansi futhi ophakeme. Ngenhloso yokuhlanzeka, ukusula njalo kwamaqabunga ngendwangu emanzi kuyadingeka.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ngenkathi efudumele, udinga ukunisela kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kokuthambisa ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesitho sokuqala kufanele impela lome kahle. Sebenzisa amanzi athambile futhi axazululiwe kulokhu. Lapho kuqala isikhathi sekwindla, ukuchelela kuqala kancane, futhi ebusika - kufanele kube ukuthambisa okucashile. Qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi ayigugi, kodwa inhlama yobumba akufanele yome ngokuphelele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngenkathi efudumele 1 isikhathi ngamaviki ama-3 noma ama-4. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wokuhlobisa nokutshala izitshalo zendlu. Esikhathini esibandayo, ungondli.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Umhlaba ofanele kufanele ube nobukhulu obuphakathi futhi uqukethe izakhamzimba eziningi. Ukulungiswa kwengxube yomhlaba,
kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa ishidi nenhlabathi eyisodokh, i-peat, humus nesihlabathi, kuthathwe ngamasheya alinganayo. Udinga futhi ukuthulula ama-chips we-granite ochotshoziwe.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Njengoba lesi yisitshalo esikhula kancane, kufanele sitshalwe kabusha, njengomthetho, kanye emva kweminyaka emi-3 noma emi-4, futhi kungcono ukukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo ngaphambi kwenkathi yokukhula okusebenzayo. Ungakhohlwa ngemisele enhle.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ingasakazwa ngembewu noma ngemisiko. Ukuhlwanyelwa imbewu kwenziwa ngengxube yemhlaba ekhanyayo, kuyilapho kufanele kungcwatshwe yingxenye eyi-1/2 (yedigri). Kuyadingeka ukumboza ngefilimu noma ngengilazi bese ufaka ukushisa. Amahlumela avele ngokuntywila ngawodwa ezitsheni ezincane.
Izimbumbulu kufanele zifakwe kuqala emanzini. Lapho izimpande zivela, atshalwe enhlabathini.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Isihlangu esikalini singaphela. Uma kungenzeka, susa izinambuzane ugeze amahlamvu ngensipho nangamanzi. Uma ukutheleleka kuqinile, khona-ke ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezikhethekile kuzodingeka.
Ukugwaduleka kwamanzi enhlabathini akumele kuvunyelwe, ngoba lokhu kungadala ukubukeka kokubola.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
- Isundu liyabuna futhi ligaye isisekelo sesiqu - Ukunisela okuningi kakhulu ebusika.
- Amabala ansundu, amabala awomile kumaqabunga - Ukuntuleka kwamaminerali noma ukuthambisa okunqabile kakhulu.
- Tshala amahlamvu ngokuqinile - ithululelwe ngamanzi abandayo noma ukuthambisa okuncane kakhulu.
Izinhlobo eziphambili
Zamia pseudoparasitic (Zamia pseudoparasitica)
Lesi sitshalo sihlala sihlala njalo singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-300. Imikhuba yabantu abadala inamahlamvu afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-200 ubude, futhi ameva spiny asakazeka ezilwaneni zawo. Incwajana ezinemigqa emide ubude zifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30 kuye kwangama-40, futhi ububanzi - ukusuka kumasentimitha ayi-2,5 kuye kwayi-3,5. Amaqabunga amazinyo engxenyeni engezansi aveze imithambo ye-longitudinal.
IZamia Ebunjiwe (Zamia furfuracea)
Futhi siyisitshalo esihlala sikhona. Isiqu saso, esicishe sifihlwe ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwenhlabathi, sinesimo se-itheniphu kanti kuso irosette eneqabunga eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elisuka kubude ukusuka kumasentimitha angama-50 kuya kwangama-150. Kwenzeka ukuthi isiqu sesitshalo esidala sikhuphuka kancane ngaphezu kobuso benhlabathi. Amapheshana wesikhumba, aminyene oblong anenombolo ethile yamathambo ahlukaniswe ngokucacile, ahambisanayo abekwe ohlangothini olungalungile. Phezu kobuso bawo kukhona ungqimba obukhulu obuqukethe isikali esikhanyayo esimhlophe, kanti amapheshana amancane anesendlalelo ezinhlangothini ezi-2, nabantu abadala ngasohlangothini olungalungile.
I-Broad-leaved zamia (Zamia latifolia)
Lesi isihlahla sesundu esiphansi esihlala sikhona, esine-trunk emise oklabhu obukhulu, engafihlakala ngokuphelele ngaphansi komhlaba noma ikhuphuke ngaphezu kobuso bayo. Ukusuka phezulu, kwakheka amapheshana amabili kuya kwayi-4, angaba amasentimitha angama-50-100 ubude. Incwajana ezi-Oval-oblong zinobubanzi bamasentimitha ayi-5 nobude bamasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20.
Zamia pygmy (Zamia pygmaea)
Lesi sitshalo sinciphile futhi sihlala sihlala, sinesiqu esincane, esifihlwe ngaphansi komhlaba, ubude baso singamasentimitha angama-25 nobubanzi bamasentimitha amabili noma amathathu. Amahlamvu awekho mude kakhulu (ukusuka ku-10 kuye ku-50 amasentimitha), anezimfushane (2 amasentimitha) striking. Imivimbo yabesifazane ifinyelela amasentimitha ayi-5 ubude. Iphinde ibe nezinhlamvu ezincane (amamitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-7).
