Izifo zezitshalo zasendlini, ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nazo, izithombe zezilokazane

Akumnandi neze lapho imbali yakho eyintandokazi yangaphakathi iqala ukulimaza. Bheka izimbangela zalokho okwenzekayo, bona amagciwane bese ufunda ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nazo. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izifo zezitshalo zasendlini ezikhona, yiziphi izidakamizwa zokuqedwa kwazo, futhi izimbali zingalulama ngokuphelele ngemuva kokwelashwa?

Izici ezibalulekile ekwakhekeni kwezifo

Gcina umkhondo we-acidity yenhlabathi kanye nezakhi zomzimba. Inani labo elinganele liholela ekukhuleni kancane, amaqabunga ayawa, izimbali ziba ngaphansi.
Ukushisa okuphansi noma okuphezulu egumbini kubangela ukuthi amahlamvu anciphise.
Ukukhanya okungalungile. Iziqu ziba mncane, amaqabunga omile, izimbali azikhulisi.
Nisela imbiza ngokufanele. Umswakama owengeziwe ufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kokubola ezimpandeni, kanye nokuntuleka - kuphuzi kwamaqabunga.

Sicela wazi ukuthi ezinye izinto zokubhujiswa kwezinambuzane ziyingozi hhayi kubantu kuphela, kodwa nasezifuyweni. Gcina lokhu engqondweni futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokwelapha emoyeni omusha kanye nesitolo izinto ezinobuthi kude nezingane nezilwane.

Cabanga ngemininingwane eminingi izinhlobo zezifo nezinyathelo zokulwa nakho.

Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane

Isici esiyinhloko salolu hlobo lwesifo sekhaya elingaphakathi ukukhula emuvaKodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi akuvamile ukuthi lesi sitshalo sife. Leli qiniso alisivumeli ukuthi sikhombe amagciwane ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo nangesikhathi sokuqala ukulwa ne-pest.

Ama-virus ama-aphid ajwayelekile kakhulu nokuqhekeka. Ukwelashwa kwezitshalo zasendlini kungukadinali - ukubhujiswa okuphelele, ngoba azikho izidakamizwa zokwelashwa kwazo. Izimpawu zangaphandle zalesi sifo yilezi ukubonakala kwamabala amahle ezimbali kanye namaqabunga athile.

Izifo zegciwane

1. Rot. Izitshalo ezineziqu ezinamahlamvu namaqabunga zithambekele kakhulu ukubola. Umanyolo omningi kanye nomanyolo we-nitrogenous unengxenye ekwakhiweni kwalesi sifo. I-cyclamen, senpolia ne-sansevieria zivame ukuthinteka ngokubola.
2. Ukubuna. Ngalesi sifo, kuqala isiqu, kuqala isitshalo sonke. Esihlotsheni sesitshalo esinjalo asikho indandatho emsundu, okuyisimpawu sokutheleleka kwesikhunta.
3. Ukuphaza. Kubonakaliswa ukuba khona kwengxenye efile yeqabunga. Amabala anemingcele ecacile, ngokungafani nokubona kwesikhunta.
4. Umdlavuza wegciwane. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ngesimo sokukhula, esifana namathumbu ezimpandeni nakumahlumela. Ukusatshalaliswa kwazo kuso sonke lesi sitshalo kuholela ekufeni kwaso. Imvamisa, lesi sifo sithinta i-begonias, iKalanchoe, i-euphorbia ephumayo.

Amakhemikhali alwa namagciwane awasebenzi. Into esemqoka thatha izindlela zokuvikela, qaphela umswakama wenhlabathi. Lapho kwenzeka ukubola kwezimpande, ubuningi bokunisela kumele banciphiswe, futhi uma sonke isitshalo esingaphakathi endlini sonakele, kufanele sibhujiswe ngokuphelele kanye nomhlabathi kanye nembiza.

Izitshalo zasendlini angahlaselwa ukuhlaselwa izinambuzane ezininginjenge:

I-cyclamen uphawu cishe akufani nokujwayelekile, kube kuncane kuphela.Izimpawu eziphambili zokwehlulwa kwalesi sinambuzane yilezi: izimbali ezibuna, ukusonteka kweziqu zesitshalo, imiphetho yamaqabunga iyagoqwa, ukukhula kuyayeka. Ukuqongelela izinambuzane ngaphansi kweqabunga kufana nothuli ngokubukeka. Imvamisa kakhulu ihlushwa yimikhaza, amakhambi, i-senpolia, i-cyclamen. Ukulwa, phatha lesi sitshalo ngama-insecticides futhi usule amaqabunga athintekile yilesi sifo.
Isihlangu luhlaka olunganyakazi okwenzeka ngaphansi kwalo lowesifazane futhi lubonisa inzalo. Lapho kukhona inqwaba yezinambuzane, lesi sitshalo kumele sichithwe ngokushiswa. Ama-scab asemasha angasuswa nge-swab yekotoni ecixwe otshwaleni.
Omiyane omiyane. Izinambuzane zabantu abadala zindizela kulesi simila, kanti izibungu zezinambuzane zibanga ingozi. Ngokuyisisekelo, bondla kokuqukethwe kwenhlabathi, kepha kwenzeka ukuthi bathinta uhlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo. Izinambuzane zivela ikakhulu ngomswakama wenhlabathi owandayo. Ukulwa nezinambuzane, sebenzisa umuthi "Izimpukane", ungasinisi lesi sitshalo kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezi-5.
I-Mealybug Kuyisinambuzane esifana nezinsuka zezinkuni futhi sidla ujusi wamaqabunga, okuholela ekujukeni kwazo bese komile ngaphandle. Imisipha yazo iheha izintuthwane futhi ivuse ukwakheka kobumba. Ezilondeni ezincane, sebenzisa uswidi wekotoni ogcobhoziwe emanzini anensipho. Futhi, ekulweni nenkathazo, ungasebenzisa i-tincture kagwayi, i-garlic noma isixazululo sotshwala se-calendula, angathengwa ekhemisi. Amakhemikhali abo azosiza ukubhekana nenkinga yeMetaphos noma i-Actelik. IMealybug ithinta ikakhulukazi i-geranium, i-azalea, i-lemoni, isundu, i-asparagus, i-fuchsia, i-fern nezinye izitshalo.
I-Whitefly ifana nenundu elincanyana elimhlophe. Amaqanda ama-Whitefly angabonakala njengotshani abancane abampunga. Ngenxa yempilo yabo, amafomu fungus sooty emaqabungeni ezitshalo. Amafomu amabala amhlophe eshidini elithintekile, liphenduka liphuzi bese liwa. Into eyingozi kakhulu kumhlopheflies ukuthi ihola ngokushesha inzalo futhi ithwale izifo ezibangelwa yigciwane. I-Fuchsia, i-pelergonia, i-begonia, i-jasmine, i-hibiscus nezinye izitshalo zasendlini ihlushwa yiyo. Ukunqoba inkathazo kunzima. Ukubhubhisa amaqanda nezibungu njalo, bese ubamba abantu abadala abane-Velcro ngezimpukane. Lungisa isixazululo esingu-1% sensipho eluhlaza bese usiphatha phansi kwamaqabunga kanye ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Chitha imijikelezo yokwelashwa engu-5. Ezindlela ezithandwayo zokulawula izinambuzane, kunconywa i-infusion kagalikhi. Uma umphumela ungathandeki, sebenzisa isixazululo se-nicotine - sulfate noma parathion.
Ama-aphid - izinambuzane ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani ezondla ubisi lwezitshalo futhi zithanda ukuhlala eziqongweni zamahlumela aluhlaza nasezimbali. Ukuqedwa kwe-aphid kudonsela izintuthwane futhi kucasule izifo zokukhunta. Futha isitshalo ngezinambuzane eziqukethe i-permethrin noma usebenzise i-derris. Phinda usebenzise imbali engaphakathi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Isikhala sesicabucabu kuvame ukuhlala ngaphakathi kweqabunga lezitshalo, ngenkathi bekha amabala aphuzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iqabunga liyawa, bese kuvela isicabucabu esiqwini nasemacembe. Ukubhubhisa inkathazo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-derris kulesi simila amahlandla amaningi.

Izifo zokukhunta

Alternariosis kanye amabala owomile. Umenzeli obangela lesi sifo ukhunta kusuka ku-genus Alternaria. Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwezindawo ezinombala onsundu, kuqala kumashidi angaphansi, bese kuthi phezulu. Isiza ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo umswakama ophezulu kanye lokushisa kwekamelo. Izindlela eziphambili zokulwa nalesi sifo ama-fungicides: i-abiga, vitaros, ikhaya.
I-Anthracnose izibonakalisa ekwakhekeni kwezindawo ezimnyama emaqabunga ezihlahla zesundu nama-ficus. Imvamisa, kuthinta izitshalo ezisezandleni zokugcina izithombo, kepha izimbali zasendlini ezinjenge-cyclamen, iminduze ye-calla, ama-azaleas nawo angahlaselwa yilesi sifo. Amaqabunga athintekile kumele asuswe, lesi sitshalo akufanele siniselwe futhi siphathwe neFundazole.
I-Ascochitosis. I-Ascochitosis yama-chrysanthemums yimbi kakhulu. Ukuqala kwalesi sifo kubonakala lapho kuvela amabala obomvu noma ansundu wezimo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iyanda futhi iba mnyama mnyama ngomngcele ozungeze onqenqemeni. Lesi sifo sidluliswa ngumoya, ngamanzi nalapho usebenzisa inhlabathi engcolisiwe. Ukwelashwa kuyafana nange-anthracnose.
I-Edene kwenzeka lapho kunokushoda kokukhanya kanye nokwanda komswakama wenhlabathi. Kuthinta ikakhulukazi ama-unsulents. Kubonakala ngokwakhiwa kwezinduna eziluhlaza okotshani eshidini, ezingashintsha umbala wazo ube nsundu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ishidi ngokwalo alifi. Ukwelapha kulula futhi kubandakanya ukukhulula inhlabathi nokulungisa umbuso wokunisela.
ISeporia ibonakaliswa ngendlela yamabala grey noma ansundu ngohlaka oluphuzi, olugcina luphenduka lube mnyama maphakathi nendawo. Izikhunta zesikhunta zingasinda ebusika futhi ziqale ukwanda futhi entwasahlobo. Ukwelashwa, thatha i-1 ml ye-vitaros bese ufaka amanzi ku-500 ml wamanzi. Phatha isitshalo bese uphinda inqubo ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7.
Ukubola okumpunga kuthinta kakhulu iziqu, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunezimbali namaqabunga. Ukugoqa ekuqaleni kokusatshalaliswa kubukeka sengathi ukugoqa okumpunga, kamuva kuthinta isiqu nezicubu ze-necrosis ezakheka ngaphakathi, ngenxa yalokho ukuhamba kwamanzi kuyema, nesitshalo sifa. Ukwelashwa, lungisa unama we-trichodermin, bese ufafaza izimbali ngesixazululo se-phytosporin.
I-Tracheomycosis yisifo lapho imithambo yegazi yezitshalo ithinteka khona. Amakhowe amboza i-lumen nge-mycelium futhi izakhamzimba ngeke zingene ngokukhululekile kulesi sitshalo, kuqala ukufa. Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo ze-tracheomycosis:
- I-Verticelosis
- I-Fusarium
- I-Malsecco Citrus
Lesi sifo kunzima ukuselapha, ngoba sitholakala kuphela ngomonakalo ophelele esitsheni. Ngokuthambekele ikakhulukazi kulesi sifo i-orchid, rose, ficus, orchid, petunia nabanye. Kubalulekile ukuphatha ukwelashwa ekuqaleni. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge-foundationazole, i-vectra, i-topsin - m.

Ukuvimbela

Ukuze ungachithi isikhathi nemali ekwelashweni kwezitshalo zasendlini, thatha izinyathelo zokuvikela:

Thola izitshalo zasendlini ezitolo ezikhethekile noma enkulisa.
Khetha izinhlobo zezimbali ezingamelana nezifo.
Imbewu yokutshala kumele ihlelwe futhi ihlaselwe magciwane nakanjani.
Uhlobo ngalunye lwembali engaphakathi ludinga izimo zalo zokunakekelwa, ligcine.
Hlola amaqabunga nezimbali njalo ngezifo.
Uma kutholakala isilonda sezitshalo, sehlukanise ngokushesha bese uqala izindlela zokulwa nalesi sifo.