I-Crocuses, noma i-Saffron. Izinhlobo eziphambili nezinhlobonhlobo. Ukuhlanzeka

I-Crocus, noma isafroni - isitshalo sokuhlobisa esinezimbali ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ukuqhuma kwezimbali sekwephuzile. Ezinhlotsheni ezingama-80 zezingwenya, eziqhakaza kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izinhlobo eziningi zezingwenya ngokwemvelo zikhula eCentral Europe, iMedithera, eCrimea, eCaucasus, e-Asia Ephakathi, esifundeni saseLwandle Olumnyama, eTurkey, e-Iran.

Iningi lezingwenya manje seziyindabuko futhi zibhalwe kuNcwadi Ebomvu.

ISaffron (I-Crocus) luhlobo lwesitshalo se-herbaceous herbaceous herbaceous somndeni womndeni ka-Iris, noma uKasatikovy (I-Iridaceae) Igama elithi "crocus" libolekwe eLatini futhi lisetshenziswa kabanzi ngabatshali bezimbali.

I-Saffron, i-crocus (iCrocus). © Tim Spouge

Igama elithi "crocus" ngokunokwenzeka laqhamuka ku-Greek "kroke" yasendulo (intambo, umucu), ngoba izikhala ezomile (ama-stigmas) wezingwenya zifana nentambo, imicu. Futhi igama "isafroni" linokuthile okufana ngakho ne-"zeferan" yesi-Arabhu (ophuzi) - izihlamba ze-crocus zinalombala.

Izambatho zamakhosi asendulo zazithungwa ngezindwangu eziphuzi, ezazidotshwe ngopende wesafroni. E-China yasendulo, akekho owayenelungelo lokusebenzisa upende onjalo, ngaphandle kombusi. Ukuvezwa kwesafroni kutholakala embhalweni we-papyrus waseGibhithe, emibhalweni yodokotela nezazi zefilosofi zasendulo. Esikhathini eside ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu, impepho, izithako ezicwengekile nemithi yenziwa ngezimbali zesafroni.

Ungasebenzisa imibala yokwenza imibala yesafroni ngezingubo ezinsukwini zethu. Kepha kubiza kakhulu injabulo ukuyisebenzisa ngale ndlela, yize isafroni inika umbala ophuzi ophuzi ngaphandle kokuncinzeka. Kaningi, isafroni isetshenziswa emkhakheni ohluke ngokuphelele - kwemikhiqizo yokudla imibala. Sekuvele amahlazo amabili wale saffron anele ukufaka imibala yamalitha ama-3 ngombala ophuzi ngokusobala. Ngendlela, le ngenye yezindlela zokuqinisekisa ubuqiniso bayo, ngoba zonke izitshalo ezisetshenziselwa ukuqamba isafroni noma esikhundleni sazo azigcini amanzi noma zibala buthaka.

I-Saffron inezelwa inhlama, i-pilaf, i-confectionery ukubanikeza hhayi umbala omuhle kuphela, kodwa, ngenani elilinganayo lesafroni, futhi nephunga elimnandi.

I-Saffron, noma i-banana crocus (iCrocus banaticus). © Jim Jermyn

I-Saffron, noma i-crocus alataevsky (Crocus alatavicus). © C T Johansson

I-Saffron, noma i-crocus enezimbali ezimbili, ukuhlukahluka kwe-Adams (iCrocus biflorus subsp. Adamii (Crocus Adami). © paridevita

Incazelo yeSaffron

I-Crocus noma i-Saffron - isitshalo esifushane (imvamisa singaba ngu-10 cm) esinezimbali ezincane (cishe 2 cm) ezinobukhulu obucashile noma obubanzi. Amaqabunga ama-Narrow aqondile, imvamisa ngemisinga emhlophe phakathi nendawo; qhubeka ukhula ngemuva kokutshala kwezimbali. I-Crocus peduncle engenamaqabunga, imfishane. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezingwenya kuncike ezinhlotsheni nakwesimo sezulu. Izimbali ze-Goblet crocus zemibala ehlukahlukene: mhlophe, ophuzi, ukhilimu, o-orenji, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, lilac; kukhona izingwenya kanye namathoni amabili, nokubonakalayo, nephethini yemehluko ehlukile. Isimbali se-Saffron ngokwesilinganiso sifinyelela ububanzi be-2-5 cm, sivula ngesimo sezulu esicacile. Ama-Crocus abukeka kahle ekutshaleni kweqembu (izitshalo ezingama-7- 7 ngalinye), kanye nesibazi esincane sentwasahlobo noma ngokwaso; uvumelane ngokufanele engadini yamatshe. Ama-Crocuses akhanga ikakhulukazi phakathi kotshani, eduze kwezihlahla namakati.

ICrocus ithanda izindawo ezinelanga, kepha ingakhula endaweni ethile futhi ezindaweni ezinomthunzi. Inhlabathi yakheka kahle futhi inamanzi amaningi. Umquba noma i-humus (kepha hhayi umquba omusha) usetshenziselwa ukufaka umquba. Izithombo zezimbali eziqhakaza intwasahlobo zitshalwa ngoSepthemba, kanti izingwenya eziqhakaza ekwindla zitshalwa ngo-Agasti. Ukujula kokutshala ama-corms kungama-6-8 cm, isikhashana esiphakathi kwawo singamasentimitha ayi-10 000. Ebusika, izingwenya zifakwe ngethanga. Ebusika, izingwenya zingahlupheka ngamagundane afana negundane. Izidleke ezikhula ngokuqinile zezingwenya zitshalwa emva kweminyaka engama-4-5.

Corm - ngaphansi komhlaba uqweqwe olungaphansi komhlaba kwesiqu, oluqukethe izakhamzimba. Umehluko phakathi kwe-corm ne-bulb yangempela ukuthi izakhi eziku-bulb ziqongelela esikalini.

I-Saffron, noma i-crocus yasentwasahlobo (iCrocus vernus). © uJerzy Opiola

I-Saffron, noma i-Golden flowered crocus (iCrocus chrysanthus). © Shihmei Barger

I-Saffron, noma i-Heifel crocus (iCrocus heuffelianus). © vaso77

Izinhlobo zezingwenya (isafroni)

Ekuhlobiseni ingadi, zombili izinhlobo ezikhulayo zasendle ze-crocus ne-varietal ziyasetshenziswa:

Ama-Saffron adams, noma i-Adams crocus (ICrocus adami) - ukuphakama kwe-peduncle 4-6 cm; perianth 3-5 cm ububanzi. Umbala wezimbali kusuka ku-lilac ekhanyayo kuya onsomi onsomi, zimhlophe qwa noma ziphuzi. Iqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli.

Ngokuya ngezigaba zesimanje, ihlukaniswa njenge-Saffron ehlukahlukene, noma i-crocus enezimbali ezimbili (ICrocus biflorus) - ICrocus biflorus var. adamii

I-Saffron alatava, noma i-crocus Alatava (I-Crocus alatavicus) - ukuphakama kwe-peduncle kungamasentimitha angama-6,5. Amandla ngaphakathi ngaphakathi amhlophe, ngaphandle kunombala onsomi omnyama, onomphimbo ophuzi. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.

I-Saffron banat, noma i-bananaI-Crocus banaticus) - Izimbali zokuphakama kwesiqu esingu-12-14 cm. Izimbali ezimise okomshini ziyi-lilac ekhanyayo ngama-anthers aphuzi kanye ne-lilac stigmas. Iqhakaza ngoSepthemba.

Isafroni yasentwasahlobo, noma intwasahlobo ye-crocus (I-Crocus vernus) - ukuphakama kwe-peduncle 1-3 cm; perianth 3.5-5 cm ububanzi. Umbala wezimbali umhlophe, u-lilac, no-violet. Iqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu (ubude bezinkanyezi zikhonjiswe kumabhulokhi):

"Ama-Agnes" - i-lilac ekhanyayo onqenqemeni lwesiliva (3.5 cm)
"Vanguard" - ilacac ekhanyayo, isiliva ngaphandle (4 cm)
Inkazimulo yeSassenheim - ngompunga ngemivimbo ekhanyayo onsomi nesisekelo esimnyama onsomi (5 cm)
"I-Jubilee" - ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka one-sheen yesiliva, unqenqema olukhanyayo nesisekelo sebhulowu (5 cm)
"UJoan of Arc" - omhlophe (9 cm)
I-Queen of de Blues - ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngomphetho wokukhanya nesisekelo esimnyama (5.5 cm)
UKathleen Perlow - Mhlophe (4-4.5 cm)
UDorrit omncane - Isiliva Blue
"I-Nigro Fight" - onsomi emnyama enesisekelo sebhulowu (4,5 cm)
"I-Pallas" - ngompunga ngemivimbo ye-lilac kanye nesisekelo sebhulowu (5 cm)
"U-Pickwick" - ngimpunga ngemivimbo ye-lilac kanye nesisekelo sebhulowu (5 cm)
"UPaulus Potter" - onsomi omnyama opende obomvu (5 cm)
"I-Purplepureu Grandiflora" - onsomi enesisekelo esimnyama (4.5 cm)
"Ama-Remebrans" - onsomi, eneshekeli lesiliva, isizinda esimnyama kakhulu (cm 5.5)
"Isithwathwa" - simhlophe, sinemivimbo ekhanyayo onsomi ezansi (5 cm)
I-Flower Record - Okuhlosiwe (11 cm)

I-Saffron, noma i-crocus enhle 'i-Artabir' (i-Crocus speciosus). © Meneerke bloem

I-Saffron, noma iCrocus Pallas (iCrocus pallasii). © i-Averater

USaffron, noma uCrocus Korolkova (uCrocus korolkowii). © Monica Meeneghan

Isifroni se-Heifel, noma uHeifel crocus (ICrocus heuffelianus) - Isiqu sobude bezimbali ngu-10 cm cm. Perianth onsomi enamabala amnyama phezulu kwamaqabunga. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.

Isafoni yegolide, noma i-gloss-flowed-crocus (ICrocus chrysanthus) Ukuphakama okuyi-8 cm. Izimbali ezincane eziphuzi noma eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zemithunzi ehlukahlukene nemibala ziyavela engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli. Inezinhlobonhlobo ezigeleza ezinkulu ezinobubanzi be-perianth ka-3-5 cm:

"I-Blue Bonnet" - luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-pharynx ephuzi
"UViolekazi" - umphimbo onsomi, ophuzi
Unobuhle Cream - Ophuzi
Isithwathwa - esimhlophe

ISaffron Korolkova, noma uCrocus Korolkova (I-Crocus korolkowii) - ukuphakama kwe-peduncle 5-6 cm. I-Perianth orange-ephuzi ngemithende ebubende ngaphandle. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.

ISaffron Pallas, noma i-crocus Pallas (ICrocus pallasii) - ukuphakama kwe-peduncle ngamasentimitha angama-6,6. I-perianth ipinki-nsomi enesisekelo sokuswelana nemithambo. Iqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili kaSepthemba.

I-Saffron iyathandeka, noma i-crocus enhle (I-Crocus speciosus) - Isiqu sobude bezimbali esingu-12-18 cm. I-Perianth enobubanzi obuyi-10-12 cm, i-lilac-nsomi enemithambo emnyama. Izimbali zinamakha, ziyavela ngoSepthemba. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu:

I-Albus - Imhlophe
"I-Artabir" - i-lilac
Kassiope - Olubomvu
I-Oxonion - Iblue Blue
I-Pallux - I-Light Purple

ISaffron ophuzi, noma ophuziI-Crocus flavus- - Isiqu sobude bezimbali ubude obuyi-5-8 cm. I-Perianth 8 cm ubude, 6-7 cm ubukhulu, i-orange yegolide enemivimbo ebubende engabonakali ngaphandle. Iqhakaza maphakathi no-Ephreli.

USaffron Mesh, noma i-Crocus striped, noma iCrocus mesh, noma i-Saffron striped (I-Crocus reticulatus) - Isiqu sobude bezimbali 6 cm cm. I-Perianth 3-4 cm ububanzi, onsomi okhanyayo ngaphakathi, enemivimbo emdaka emnyama ngaphandle. Iqhakaza engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Ephreli.

ISaffron USuzi, noma iSuccian crocus (ICrocus susianus) - Isiqu sobude bezimbali 6 cm cm. I-Perianth efinyelela ku-4 cm ubukhulu ngumbala ophuzi wegolide, enemivimbo ebubende onsomi ngaphandle. Iqhakaza engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Ephreli.

Ngokuya ngezigaba zesimanje, ihlangene ngaphansi kwegama elijwayelekile - iSaffron, noma i-crocy-leaved crocus (I-Crocus angustifolius)

ISaffron UTomazini, noma uCrocus Tomasini (ICrocus tommasinianus) - perianth 5-6 cm ukuphakama kanye no-3-5 cm ubukhulu. Umbala kusuka onsomi okhanyayo kuya onsomi, mhlophe qwa. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Izinhlobo ezimbili zivamile:

"Abantu Bare" - lilac
URuby Giant - Umnyama Omnyama

I-Saffron, noma i-crocy-leaved crocus (iCrocus angustifolius). © midi8

I-Saffron, noma i-reticured Crocus (iCrocus reticulatus). © i-Averater

I-Saffron, noma i-crocus ephuzi (i-Crocus flavus). © Santi

ISaffron mncane, noma i-crocus-leaved crocus (I-Crocus angustifolius) - Isiqu sobude bezimbali 6 cm cm. I-Perianth enobubanzi obungama-4 cm, ophuzi begolide, imivimbo ebomvu onsundu ngaphandle. Iqhakaza engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Ephreli.

ISaffron Heuffeliana, noma uCrocus Heuffeliana (ICrocus heuffelianus) 10-16 cm ukuphakama; izimbali zingububende, lilac noma mhlophe. Izimbali ziqala kakhulu - kwesinye isikhathi ziyaqhakaza, noma ngabe iqhwa lingancibilikanga.

Ama-Crocus awalungile engadini kuphela - afanelekile ama-distillation emakamelweni. Izingwenya eziqhakaza emabhodweni zithathwa njengesipho esingajwayelekile sonyaka omusha futhi zithinta ngokumangazayo njengesipho ngoMashi 8.

Ukuphoqelelwa kweCrocus

Ngisho “nabatshali bezimbali abanolwazi” abahlali bephumelela ekukhuleni kwezingwenya ngokunemba okuyi-100% ngosuku oluthile. Kuyenzeka ukuthi ziphambi kwayo, noma ungalindi. Futhi kwesinye isikhathi kusuka ezinhlotsheni zohlobo oluthile olutshalwe ebhodweni, iqhakaza ngandlela thile ngaphambi kosuku okuhloswe ngalo, futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi osidingayo. Vuma, kuyihlazo! Kungagwenywa kanjani lokhu kudumazeka?

Imithetho eyisisekelo yezingwenya

Ukuze izingwenya ziqhakaze kanyekanye ngosuku oluthile, okokuqala, kuyadingeka:

Khetha izinhlobo ezifanele. Kunzima kakhulu ekhaya ukuphoqa izinhlobo sekwephuzi zakamuva ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni (ngoKhisimusi wama Katolika noma uNyaka Omusha), nezinhlobo zakuqala ukuqhakaza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ngoMeyi 1). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungcono ukunikela ngokuthandwa kwezinhlobo ezinezimbali ezinkulu; izinhlobo ezincane ze-crocus-flowered (botanical) ngesikhathi sezimbali zizobukeka zihlaba umxhwele njengasesithombeni esimibalabala, kwiphakheji, kuphela uma uzibheka ngengilazi ekhulisayo.
Lahla “inhlanganisela” yezinhlobonhlobo bese utshala kwelinye lamabhodwe corms ezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zezingwenya zinokuphakama okuhlukile (izimbali eziphansi ziminza nje bese zilahleka ngamaqabunga aphezulu) nezikhathi zezimbali ezahlukahlukene.
Izinhlobo zokuqala ze-crocus kumele zibekelwe ukuhanjiswa kwezinhlwayiba lapho izinhlobo zakamuva zingakakulungeli ukuphuma kuzo, njengoba zingakaqedi isikhathi sokukhula kwezimpawu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo zakamuva zezingwenya ziyaqhakaza lapho isikhathi sezitshalo sesivele siphelile ekuqaleni nasekuphepheni kwezidumbu zazo kubalulekile ukunciphisa noma ukumisa ukunisela ngokuphelele.
Ukutshala ama-corms asayizi ofanayo ebhodweni elilodwa - lapho utshala ama-"size-size" amaningi, cishe ngeke aqhakaze ngasikhathi sinye. Izicubu ezinkulu ziqhakaza ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambili kunezincane.

I-Crocuses ebhodweni

Khetha izinhlobonhlobo zama-crocuse we-distillation

Lapho ukhetha ama-crocuses we-distillation, kungcono ukuhlala kuma-nzalo amaDashi amakhulu, ngokuqunjelwa kwawo kungacishe kube nobunzima. Izingwenya ezigolide zigxila kakhulu ukuwaxosha, zivame ukuqhuma amaqabunga ngaphandle kokuqhakaza.

Ama-corms athengiswayo ama-crocuses amakhulu (flow) ama-Dutch kanye nama-crocus flow flow wegolide atholakala maphakathi no-Agasti kuya kuJanuwari.

AmaCormus corms athengwa kangcono kakhulu ekuqaleni kwesizini - ukusuka maphakathi no-Agasti kuya eminyakeni eyishumi kaSeptemba, ngoba ama- "batch" wokuqala ama-bulbs yiwo afanele kunazo zonke: ezinkulu, aminyene, ngaphandle kwesikali esivikelekile. Ubungako bawo uma buqhathaniswa nezinye i-bulbous ezihluma kakhulu entwasahlobo buncane kakhulu. Umbala wesikali sangaphandle unsundu noma onsundu, futhi uhluka kusuka ebangeni - ungakhanya noma ube mnyama.

Ukulungiselela uCorm

Ngokuhluma kuqala (ngokuqhakaza ngoDisemba-Janawari), ngemuva kokuthenga ama-corms, kuyadingeka "ukuwomisa" ngezinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwefriji yegumbi. Bese uyibeka kuphole endaweni emnyama, eyomile enamazinga okushisa angama-4 kuya ku-9 degrees (kuze kube manje ngaphandle kokutshala). Izinsuku zokuqala ezifanele zokupholisa izimbungulu zezingwenya zokuqunjelwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi zisukela eshumini sesithathu sika-Agasti kuya eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaSeptemba.

Uma uthenga izingwenya ekwindla, eziningi zazo kungenzeka ukuthi sezivele zinamahlumela. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi ama-bulbs asevele elungiselelwe ukuqhakaza. Ngokuqhakaza okuqinisekisiwe kwezimbali, kufanele kudlule isikhathi sokuphola futhi zivele kahle. Ukudala izimo ezinjalo zokususa i-distillation, kufanele sisondele kakhulu ezimweni zemvelo, ngakho-ke, ukupholisa kanye nokubamba kwezimpawu kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Isikhathi sokuphola

Kuyalulekwa ukuthi ekuhlanzeni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, isikhathi sokupholisa nokubola kumele kube okungenani izinyanga ezintathu.

Indawo enhle enamazinga okushisa adingekayo (+ 4 ... 9 ° C) ekhaya siyisiqandisi, izinga lokushisa elikulo lihlala lizinza kakhulu futhi lilungele i-distillation. Kungaba futhi igumbi lokugcina elibandayo, i-Attic noma i-barn. Abaphethe i-loggia ekhazimulayo bangahlelela izingwenya lapha endaweni emnyama. Noma kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokuya ngesimo sezulu, izinga lokushisa ku-loggia lingahluka.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuhlala esiqandisini, musa ukujaha ukutshala ama-corms ngokushesha. Bangase baqambe amanga inyanga yonke kumazinga okushisa okupholisa afiselekayo, angatshalwanga emhlabathini, kepha ambozwe ngephepha noma ephephandabeni. Ngakho-ke, ungonga isikhathi esiqandisini futhi ungasiphoqi ngaphambi kwesikhathi emabhodweni nasezinkomishini.

Ukutshala izingwenya zokususa i-distillation

Ngokutshala, ungasebenzisa noma yimaphi amanzi ahambile futhi ongakwazi ukuphefumula ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi, kanye nesihlabathi esihlanzekile noma udaka olwandisiwe, noma usebenzise ingxube yalezi zingxenye, ikhwalithi yezimbali ngeke incike kulokhu. Kepha uma ufuna ukugcina ama-corms emva kokuqunjelwa, kungcono ukuwatshala endaweni engaphansi, ngoba ukuqhakaza konyaka olandelayo kubekwe esikhathini samanje. Ukuze kukhuliswe esihlabathini, ngenhloso yokusebenzisa ezinye izingwenya, kuyadingeka ukufeza umanyolo ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuhluma.

Lapho ukhetha isitsha sokufika, kungcono ukusebenzisa isitsha esibanzi. Ukutshala izingwenya esitsheni sinye kuvame ukungagcini ema-corms amahlanu, kepha, yize kunjalo kuncane, ngenani elikhudlwana awudingi imbiza encane, kodwa isitsha esibanzi. Ungatshala nezingwenya ezimbizeni ezikhethekile zokuzikhulisa. Inesimo esiyindilinga kanti izimbobo zamahlumela zitholakala ezinhlangothini zazo.

Ukukhetha isitsha nokulungisa i-substrate, ungaqhubeka nokubamba. AmaCarcuses angatshalwa, ngokomqondo, ngokunqumela: ukuwacwilisa ngokuphelele enhlabathini, ukuwatshala emahlombe noma ngokucindezela kancane ama-corms, kodwa ukuze ama angathintani futhi odongeni lwembiza.

Ungatshala usebenzisa i-substrate ehlanganisiwe: gcwalisa phansi kwesitsha ngomhlaba, uthele ungqimba lwesihlabathi bese utshala ngokucophelela ama-corms kuwo, bese usimboza ngokuphelele ngesihlabathi. Akufanele ziphi izimo lapho isihlabathi esimanzi singakhiwa futhi sihlanganiswe. Izakhamizi zasehlobo zibiza le ndlela yokutshala "ngehembe leshlabathi."Uma ufisa ukutshala okunjalo, ungaqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi ama-corms we-crocuses ngeke abole, futhi izimpande ze-crocuses zizoba ungqimba lomquba wezakhi zomzimba zesigcawu.

Ngenhloso yokuhlobisa, ibhodwe lingagcwaliswa ngaphezulu ngamatshe amatshe amancane, ukudala isimo sezinto zemvelo zasentabeni. Ngemuva kokutshala, izingwenya zidonswa kakhulu bese zibuyiselwa emakhazeni ukuze zibambe. Kubo, lolu hlobo lwasebusika, isikhathi sokulinda kanye nesixwayiso sokuthi intwasahlobo iyeza - isikhathi sokuqhakaza.

Ukutshala izingwenya zokususa i-distillation

Isigaba sokugcina se-ziphuzo zazihluziwe

Njengoba sekushiwo, sonke isikhathi sokuphola sezingwenya kufanele okungenani sibe yizinyanga ezi-3. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuthola ukuthi izingwenya zilungele isigaba sokugcina sokuphoqelela (ukusuka kubanda uye kufudumele), nokuthi isikhathi sokubhula kwezimpawu sidlulile ngempumelelo:

Ukuphakama kwawo wonke amahlumela atshaliwe (ngezinhlobo ezinamanzi amakhulu) kufanele okungenani kube ngu-5 cm; Lokhu akusho ukuthi, uma kungu-10 we-crocuses otshaliwe, ukuphakama kwawo kufinyelele ku-5 cm, khona-ke isitsha se-crocuses singasethwa ukuaphoqelela umbala. Qondiswa yihlumela elibuthakathaka neliphansi kunawo wonke - ukuphakama kwawo kufanele okungenani kube ngu-5 cm.
Uma uzwa amahlumela, kufanele aqine, angabi nalutho; lokhu kusho ukuthi izingwenya zilungele ukuphoqelelwa ngombala.
Uma kunezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi esitsheni, izimpande kufanele zibukeke kahle kubo.

Uma wonke la maphuzu ebhekwa, isitsha sikhishwa emakhazeni bese sibekwa endaweni ekhanyayo, okungcono ngokushisa okungekho ngaphansi kuka- +15 ° С. Njengoba izingwenya ziyizimbali zasentwasahlobo, azikwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu - zisheshe ziphele. Ama-Crocuses asabela ngokushesha ekwenyukeni kwezinga lokushisa bese aqala ukuqhakaza. Baphendukela kumakhandlela akhanyayo, kufaka phakathi ama-incandescent bulbs, acishe afane nelanga kubo - aqhakaza ngokoqobo phambi kwamehlo abo, ngemuva kwalokho baphelelwe umfutho wokuhlobisa, njengoba amacembe eba nokubabulala.

Isikhathi sezimbali

Izinga lokushisa elikhulu kubo ngesikhathi sezimbali ngu + 10 ... + 15 ° C. Ngokushisa kwe + 20 ° C nangaphezulu, izingwenya ziyaqhakaza emahoreni ambalwa noma ngosuku. Ekhaya, lokhu kuphola kungaba eduze kwefasitela noma kuvulandi, ngakho-ke kulezi zingwenya yizindawo ezihamba phambili. Ukunweba izimbali ebusuku, kuyathandeka ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa, ukuvunyelwe kokushisa (-1 ... -3 ° C) kuvunyelwe. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ezinye izinhlobo zamakhwele ziyaqhakaza aze afike kumaviki amathathu.

Qaphela ukuchelela, zombili ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimpawu ze-corms nalapho ususa izingwenya emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ukuphuza kwenziwa lapho ungqimba ongaphezulu womhlaba womile. Amanzi asele avela epanini kufanele akhishwe. Futhi, uma ufuna ukugcina ama-corms ngemuva kokusakazeka kusesimweni esikahle, kungcono ukuthi izingwenya, njengazo zonke izinhlamvu ezigeleza entwasahlobo, zithulule epanini ukuze izinga lamanzi epanini lisezimpandeni namasentimitha ambalwa ngaphansi kwelebhu.

Ukuphoqelela kokuqala, okuphakathi nokw sekwephuzile kuyahluka ngesikhathi sokutshala ama-corms, izinhlobo ezisetshenzisiwe, futhi zingashintshwa nesikhathi sokupholisa. Ezinhlobonhlobo eziphakathi nendawo futhi ezinezimbali ezifika emuva, isikhathi sokupholisa nokubanda kwezithelo kufanele kube ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu. Uma ushayela izingwenya ezinhlobonhlobo ongazazi, gxila esimweni sazo senqubo yokuphoqa.

Uma uzinakekele kahle izikhwebu zezingwenya futhi ngemuva kokubukeka zihle, ungazama ukuzikhipha futhi ngonyaka olandelayo bazoqhakaza, kodwa kube kubi kakhulu. Ukuphindaphindwa kwe-distillation kuhlelwe kangcono ngezigaba zokugcina (hhayi ngoNyaka Omusha!). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yilapho eba nethuba lokuphumelela.

Ngifisela wena ukutshala okumnandi kwezingwenya esizeni futhi uphumelele ekuphoqeleleni efasiteleni!