Uma ukhumbula amagama kaSage wasendulo, ake afika eSigodini sase-Ewufrathe, umuntu uqala ukuzwa iphunga elibuhlungu lomhlonyane obabayo, okuyinto ejwayelekile kubelusi. Kuze kube manje, iphunga lokufakwa umhlonyane alishabalanga enkumbulweni yabantu, ngoba kaningi litholakala kwezinye iziphuzo. Kodwa-ke, umthi wangaphambili wawusetshenziselwa ukwelapha. Lesi sitshalo sifaka izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-350 ezitholakala emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba wethu - e-Afrika, eYurophu nase-Asia, eNyakatho Melika.
Incazelo
Umhlonyane ubhekwa ngasikhathi sinye njengesidalwa esidala, minyaka yonke nesibumbekayo, okuthiwa sakhiwe kahle kuzo zombili izihlahlana nezitshalo ezi-herbaceous. Kubonakala ngokuhlelwa okulandelayo kwamaqabunga. Njengama-inflorescence, lesi sitshalo sakha obhasikidi. Izimbali ezitholakala emaphethelweni zihlotshiswe nge-whisk futhi zinayo ophuzi ophuzi, opinki noma omhlophe. Lezo eziphakathi nendawo zivame kakhulu ukubhula, zipinki noma ziphuzi.
Amaqabunga e-Openwork worm awabukeki umbukwane kangako, ahluka ngopende wombala ocebile, kufaka phakathi isiliva elimhlophe, isiliva-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nensimbi kube luhlaza.
- umehluko ezinhlotsheni zemibungu yokuhlobisa futhi inquma ukuphakama kwayo. Izinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke zikhula zibe ngama-20 cm, kanti ezinkulu kunazo zonke - ukuya kumamitha ayi 1. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukusika lezi zihlahlana akunzima kangako;
- kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, izitshalo zigcina izakhiwo zokuhlobisa;
- umhlonyane ungenye yezitshalo ezingakhathazeki ezingamelana nezikhathi ezinde ngaphandle komswakama, ngakho-ke zizizwa zizinhle ezindaweni ezifudumele kahle ehlobo.
Izinhlobo zezimbungu ezingaphansi
Lesi sitshalo kuhluke kakhulu, okubandakanya izinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezihluke ngazo empahleni yazo.
I-Steller Wormwood
Lolu hlobo lukhula emadwaleni aseJapan, e-Alaska, e-Far East naseNorway. Akujwayelekile ukuthi umbone eseNyakatho Melika. Izindawo ezihlala kuzo yizindunduma, izigodi zeziyingi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala emadwaleni asogwini.
Lokhu kungapheli lapho inqubo yokwakhiwa kwayo kukhula ibe ngama-cm angama-30 ubude, okuhlotshiswe ngamahlamvu esiliva asikiwe. Lapho kufika isikhathi sezimbali, iziqu zifinyelela kubude obungama-40 cm. Engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo, kufakwa amabhasikidi amancane aphuzi.
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sihlale sihlobisa isikhathi eside, kungakuhle ukusika izithungo zezimbali, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga ngeke abonakale ngenxa yawo, ngenxa yalokho konke ukukhanga kwalesi sitshalo kuqinisekisiwe.
Ukuze lowo mbungu ungaphenduki isitshalo esinobukhulu obukhulu, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenze kabusha njalo isizini ngokuhlukanisa noma ngokufaka i-hilling. Le nhlobonhlobo ingesinye sezilimo ezivimbela ukubanda, kepha isithwathwa esinzima singasilimaza.
Lesi sitshalo sizizwa sihle lapho sikhulile. ezindongeni ezigciniwe namadlayidi amatshe. Futhi kuzoba ngumhlobiso omuhle engadini yamatshe. Lolu hlobo lomhlonyane lungahambisana ngokuphelele nama-clove, umphetho oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-gypsophila enwabuzelayo nezinye izitshalo zokuhlobisa.
Wormwood Schmidt
Izwe lale mpethu elihlukahlukene leMpumalanga Ekude, yize lingabonakala eningizimu yeziqhingi zaseKuril naseSakhalin, kanye naseJapan. Indawo oyithandayo yalesi sitshalo ugu lolwandle nezintaba ezinenhlabathi emnyama.
Ezweni lethu, ifomu ebanzi kunazo zonke ngu "Nana" ("Nana"). Ukungena kwezimila, izitshalo zakha inqwaba yamahlumela, eziwaguqula abe ngamabhola ajikelezayo avulekile noma amakhethini aminyene aminyene angadluli ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-25. Isimo esibonakalayo samaqabunga sihlakazekile cirrus, umbala - luhlaza wesiliva.
Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngo-Agasti. Yize ingatshalwa endaweni ephakathi, kepha, ngokuvamile ayibekezeleli ubusika, ngoba kulezi zindawo inani elikhulu leqhwa liwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ekwazi ukusinda ebusika, khona-ke entwasahlobo angalulama.
Enye yezinsalo ezihehayo yiSchmidt wormwood ehlukahlukene "iPortis Castle". Amahlumela owakhiwe anokuphakama okungama-35-40 cm, ambozwe ngenani elikhulu lamaqabunga. Zinomumo we-cirrus-dissected, umbala ojwayelekile ungumbala wesiliva. Ezitshalweni ezindala, kukhula uhlelo lwezimpande olukhulayo.
Ukubuyiselwa kwezitshalo ezifile entwasahlobo kuqinisekiswa inzalo yezimpande. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngoJulayi, isitshalo sakha izimbali nondescript ophuzi.
Inkambu yomhlonyane
Loluhlobo luvame kakhulu ingatholakala eRussia, eSiberia. Izindawo eziyizintandokazi zingamahlathi kaphayini, ama-steppes, nezindawo ezinesihlabathi nezindawo ezingenamuntu eziningi.
Ukuba yisitshalo esidala, lolu hlobo lomhlonyane lukhula lube ngamasentimitha ayi-15-60. Isiqu esakhiwe yilesi sitshalo sinombala okhuphukayo ogcwele umbala obomvu. Engxenyeni engezansi yamahlamvu kuthola ukwakheka okuhlukaniswe izimpaphe, futhi engxenyeni engenhla imane nje ilayini, ngaphezu kwalokho ihlotshiswe ngefreyimu eyisilika yombala onsomi noma engenalutho.
Izimbali zivame ukuba bomvu noma ziphuzi ngombala, zitholakala kubhasikidi obunjiwe njengama-oval. Lesi sibungu siqala ukuqhakaza ngoJulayi. Njengoba kungafaka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, kuvame ukuvuthwa ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa. Isitshalo esidala singafinyelela ku-15 cm.
Izinhlobo ezinde zomhlonyane wokuhlobisa
Ukuhlobisa ingadi, amaqabunga amade omhlonyane asetshenziswa kaningi, angatholakala nasendaweni efanelekile.
Umhlonyane
Kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo, lesi sitshalo iqukethe umunyu kakhulu. Umakhelwane omubi ngoba ucindezela ngisho namakhambi angenakho ukuzithoba. Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukuthi ukuba khona kwalesi sibungu esiseduze kwezitshalo nengadi yemifino kuzozilimaza kuphela.
Ukuhogela okubabayo kuhlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwe-phytoncide ngesitshalo, ngenxa yokuthi izitshalo ezingomakhelwane azizwa zisesimweni esihle kakhulu. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokuhlobisa ezishiwoyo, umhlonyane obabayo ungahlukaniswa kalula. Akukaze kube yinkinga ukuthi inezimbali ezincane ezakha ama-panicles angazivezi kahle.
Okuhehayo okuyinhloko kunikezwa yona ngamahlamvu amhlophe aluhlaza okotshani. Engadini, okulungele kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa komhlonyane yizindawo ezivulekile. Kodwa-ke, kusanconyelwa ukuba kumkhethele indawo ibanga elide kusuka ku-dahlias, carnations kanye ne-legumes.
Amabhasi alesi sitshalo enza umbono omuhle, omncane ngephunga elimnandi, elizwakala kakhulu sezulu elangeni. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngoJulayi.
Wormwood Louisiana
Ungomunye wabamele ama-herbaceous perennials. Lolu hlobo amafomu avela ku-1 m ubude. Uma kungekho kulawulwa kokukhula, kungakhiwa amathawula abanzi. Ehlobo, kutholakala izimbali ezinombala onsundu obukhulu nobubanzi obufika ku-1 cm, ezinganikeli isitshalo.
Ukushiya izithelo zomhlonyane akunconywa. Ikhula kahle endaweni enelanga. Lapho ikhule emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, imvamisa ingafa ngenxa yamaqhwa amakhulu, ngenxa yalokho, ebusika obuphumelelayo, idinga indawo yokukhosela emagatsheni e-spruce. Umphumela omile kuwo ngamanzi amile.
Ibanga leWormwood "Janlim"
Kungokwenombolo yama-perennials, imelana namazinga okushisa amabi.
Lolu hlobo lomhlonyane lufanelwe ukunakwa ngenxa yokuthi amaqabunga anomumo ohlukile nombala oluhlaza ophuzi. Abalahlekelwa umbala wabo kuze kube sekwindla. Uma uqoqa amaqabunga uwagcobe ngezandla zakho iphunga eliphikelelayo lingazwakala. Ehlobo, izimbali ezincane ziqala ukwakha emaphethelweni esiqu, ezinganikeli impahla yokuhlobisa kulesi sitshalo.
Izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthuthukisa umhlonyane ojwayelekile zakhiwa enhlabathini evundile kahle, lapho kungekho khona ukuthambisa komswakama futhi kukhona ukukhanya okuhle. Ukuze ube khona okuhle, badinga amanzi. Lolu hlobo lomhlonyane alubekezeleli ukuthamba futhi ngokushesha luqala ukubola. Isitshalo sinamaqabunga e-multicolor aphuzi ngokuluhlaza-ke, eduze kwezinye izimbali kwakha umehluko omuhle kakhulu.
Ezinye izinhlobo
Umhlonyane wonyaka. Lolu hlobo lutholakala eRussia, eTranscaucasia, eCrimea nase-Asia Minor, kanye naseMedithera, China naseJapan. Lokhu minyaka yonke ezweni labantu abadala kuthola ukwakheka kwe-pyramidal, okufika ekuphakameni okuyi-1.5 m. Umbala wesici wamahlamvu aluhlaza obumnyama, ngesikhathi sokugaya, kuzwakala iphunga elimnandi. Izimbali zomhlume ezingathetheki zonyaka azikwenzi kube okubaluleke ngokuhlobisa. Lesi sitshalo saminyaka yonke simelana nokunqunywa izinwele njalo.- Wormwood Pontic. Imvamisa, itholakala eSiberia naseCaucasus. Izindawo ezithandayo ziyindawo ezomile esifundeni se-steppe ne-steppe steppe.
Umhlonyane wonyaka. Lolu hlobo lutholakala eRussia, eTranscaucasia, eCrimea nase-Asia Minor, kanye naseMedithera, China naseJapan. Lokhu minyaka yonke ezweni labantu abadala kuthola ukwakheka kwe-pyramidal, okufika ekuphakameni okuyi-1.5 m. Umbala wesici wamahlamvu aluhlaza obumnyama, ngesikhathi sokugaya, kuzwakala iphunga elimnandi. Izimbali zomhlume ezingathetheki zonyaka azikwenzi kube okubaluleke ngokuhlobisa. Lesi sitshalo saminyaka yonke simelana nokunqunywa izinwele njalo.Lolu hlobo lomhlonyane lunohlelo oluhlukile lwezimpande zezinto ezinwabuzelayo, iziqu ezakhiwe zincane, kepha ziqinile, zimbozwe ngamaqabunga. Imvelo ehlanjululwe kuCirrus ithathelwa kabili kubo. Amaqabunga aphansi ane-petiole, wonke amanye asesimweni sokuhlala, ingxenye engenhla inombala oluhlaza okotshani, kanti ongezansi mhlophe.
Amabhasikidi asesimweni sebholaukwethuka ama-inflorescence, anombala omhlophe-ophuzi, ifomu. Isikhathi sezimbali salolu hlobo lomhlonyane senzeka ngo-Agasti. Uyakwazi ukubekezelela ubusika ngaphandle kokukhosela.
Izindawo ezikhulayo zomhlonyane
Isitshalo singakhula cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi, singabekezelela isikhathi eside sesomiso nobusika obunzima. Umhlonyane wonyaka onamahlamvu esiliva angavuselelwa njalo ngesizini, uma nje ukhula emhlabathini ompofu ngokukhanya okuhle nokudonsa amanzi.
- ngokukhula umhlonyane onamaqabunga aluhlaza, kuyanconywa ukukhetha inhlabathi enamanzi futhi evundile. Uma kuniselwa okuvunyelwe njalo, khona-ke le nhlobo ithola umbala oluhlaza, ngenxa yalokho ilahlekelwa yimpahla yayo yokuhlobisa;
- kunconyelwa ukwengeza isihlabathi emigodini elungiselelwe ukutshala ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi ekhanyayo;
- imfucuza iyimfuneko, ngoba ngaphandle kwayo umhlonyane awukwazi ukubekezelela kahle ubusika.
Ibonisa ukungathobeki, lesi sitshalo sizwa kahle emhlabathini ompofu. Ubuningi obanele bukhona yizinhlobo ezikhula kancane zomhlonyane, ezingakhula ngokuphumelelayo zombili kumaslayidi aseningizimu, nasezinkanjeni naphakathi kwamatshe.
Nakekela umhlobiso wokuhlobisa
Ukunisela kuyadingeka kancane ngangokunokwenzeka futhi kuphela uma umbandela wokushisa umude kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo zonyaka zakha inqwaba yamagatsha namahlamvu, kubalulekile ukusika i-rhizome njalo. Izimbali ezakhiwe yisitshalo azikwazi ukumnikeza impahla yokuhlobisa.
Ukususa kukhona izimbali zezimbali ezikhula ngamanani amakhulu. Lokhu kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ezinhlanzini ezingaphansi. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezinhlobo ezinde, kudalwa umbono omuhle.
Isiphetho
Umhlonyane ngesinye sezitshalo ezidumile kungatholakala yonke indawo endle. Futhi, ngaphandle kokuthi iphathwa njengokhula, ivame ukuvuthwa ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa. Kodwa-ke, ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa kuphela izinhlobo ezithile zomhlonyane. Ngakho-ke, ukuklama isiza nalesi sitshalo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zomhlonyane ezikwazi ukubekezelela ubusika ngokufanayo, ngakho-ke kwezinye izimo ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yokukhosela kungadingeka.
