Izindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kumazambane

Umnini-ndawo waletha iphakethe lamazambane esitolo, walikhangela, walunguza epanini, futhi lalingenele isidlo esisodwa somndeni. Ngaphandle, nezilimo eziyizigaxa bekungabonakali zinamaphutha, futhi ekusikeni kwakukhona amabala amnyama namnyama ngokuphelele. Futhi uhhafu wamazambane uya kudoti ...

Athini la amabala?

Wonke umuntu empilweni, maye, kwenzeka uthole imihuzuko, ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni. Ku-encyclopedia, le nto ebizwa ngokuthi "ukulimaza" ichazwa kanjena: "Isiphetho sezicubu ezithambile ngaphansi kwethonya lokushaywa noma kwengcindezelo yento engacacile." Sizama ukungadalulwa esenzweni esinjalo. Kepha amazambane, aze aqhamuke evela ensimini aye ebhodweni, kancane kwenzeka njalo. Bayishaya ngesikhathi sokuvuna, bayithulula kusuka kubhasikidi iye emalolini okulahla kuwo udoti, kusukela kumaloli alahla udoti kuya ezinqoleni, ethukulula izinqola ngamafosholo, amazambane agcwele izimbotshana. Ngakho uthola ukuhlukunyezwa namanxeba okulimala. Yebo, amabala amnyama ku-nezilimo eziyizigaxa akulutho ngaphandle nje kokulimala - umphumela wokubhujiswa kwezicubu eziphilayo.

I-tuber yichopho elikhulayo lembumbulu engaphansi komhlaba. Ngale ndlela, izitshalo zamazambane zigcina izakhamzimba zezinzalo ezizayo. Izicubu zeTuber zakha amaseli anamanzi futhi ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, okuthi, ngaphezu kokuba ngamagumbi okugcina isitashi, enza yonke imisebenzi equkethwe esitokisini esiphilayo. I-tuber iyaphefumula; izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuguquguquka kwezinto eziphilayo kwezinye izinto zingene kwezinye! Izingxube ze-phenolic zenziwa endaweni yokuthola amaseli enempilo amaseli. Uma iseli libhujiswa, okuqukethwe kwama-vacuoles kuyasakazeka kanye ne-oxidation engaphendukiyo yama-polyphenols yi-oxygen yasemkhathini. I-Tyrosine i-oxidized ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwethonya le-enrosme ye-tyrosinase. Lapha kulapho izinhlanganisela ezinemibala emnyama zakha khona - imibala ye-melanin.

Izindawo ezimnyama ezivela ekulimazekeni kumazambane aziveli ngokushesha, kwesinye isikhathi kuphela ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa okugcinwa. Emva kwakho konke, i-tuber ayinqunywa futhi ayihlukani, kuphela amaseli ngamanye aqulekayo, kanti okokukhiqizwa kwama-polyphenols kuwo kuqhubeka kancane.
I-tuber iba mnyama noma ngabe inqunywe futhi ishiywe emoyeni. Le nto iyaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Wonke umuntu wasendlini uyazi ukuthi amazambane aluhlaza abunjiwe ngekusasa kumele afakwe emanzini. Kodwa-ke, futhi kuzoba mnyama emanzini uma ungayipheki ngesikhathi, futhi ngokushesha, i-tyrosine ethe xaxa iqukethe ku-tubers.

Uhlobo luni lwamazambane ngokuvamile "uyaqhuma"? Kuyaphawuleka: lokho okuthandekayo, okunesitashi: izicubu zayo zamaselula zintekenteke futhi azimelani neze ukushaywa. Into efanayo yenzeka nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezingavuthiwe.

Amazambane athosiwe nawo azwela emonakalweni: kumakhaza, yonke into iba ntekenteke. Kungakho isuswe sekwephuzile, ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo, imvamisa kusiphatha kabi ngomongo omnyama.

Ochwepheshe bezolimo bayazi ukuthi umanyolo we-nitrogen omningi unomphumela omubi kumazambane: ama-tubers akhulu kakhulu, kepha ahlala emncane isikhathi eside ngakho-ke alimala kakhulu. Ukweqiwa okuncane kwe-phosphate ne-potash fertilizer, kunalokho, kusheshisa ukuvuthwa. I-potassium ions ibuye ithuthukise ukuqina kwezitho zamangqamuzana.

Ngokuvamile, umanyolo we-potash udlala indima ekhethekile ekukhuleni kwamazambane. Okuqukethwe kwe-potassium eziqongweni kungabikezela ngisho nekhwalithi yesitshalo esizayo. Uma ezindabeni ezomile iziqeshana zento zingaphezulu kuka-0.5%, khona-ke singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngeke zibe mnyama. Nge-potassium engu-0.4-0.5% eziqongweni, amabala amnyama kumashubhu angavela kahle. Amazambane anjalo kufanele ahlanzwa ngobumnene, ngokucophelela. Uma i-potassium eziqongweni ingaphansi kakhulu, khona-ke nezilimo eziyizigaxa zesitshalo esizayo cishe zizofiphala. Kungcono ukungazigcini, kepha uzisebenzise ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kepha, iqiniso, ikhambi elinokwethenjelwa kakhulu lokulimala ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kwamazambane, kuyafana nangama-apula, utamatisi nezinye izithelo ezinamanzi.

Kungenzeka ngale ndlela: amazambane aluhlaza awenzanga mnyama, kepha ayephekwe futhi epholile kancane - manje kubukeka kungathandeki ngokuphelele: kwavela amabala amnyama, kanti ezinye nezilimo eziyizigaxa zaphenduka mpunga ngandlela thile ...

Kukhona inqubo esele ihluke ngokuphelele, ibangelwa ukusebenzisana kwensimbi ne-chlorogenic acid. Le acid esezilimo eziyizigaxa eluhlaza iboshiwe, kuthi lapho sekushisa okungama-80 ° C idedelwe ihlangane ne-iron oxides, ehlale inele ku-tubers.

ICitric acid, etholakala namazambane, ibuye ihlangane ne-iron oxides. Kepha izinhlanganisela kuleli cala azinombala. Izinga lokumnyama kwamazambane lincike kwisilinganiso salawa ma-asidi amabili, futhi kuwuphawu lwe-varietal, ngakho-ke abalimi abasebenza ngokuzayo banesiqiniseko sokuthi bazohlangabezana nazo zonke izinhlobo ezintsha zokumnyama mnyama ngemuva kokupheka. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezikhulayo lapha zingashintsha isithombe. Isibonelo, amazambane avela ku-peat bogs (angampofu ku-potassium futhi acebile nge-nitrogen) acishe abe mnyama ngokungafani nezinhlobonhlobo.

Ungagcina ubumhlophe bamazambane ngokufaka amaconsi ambalwa we-citric acid ngenkathi upheka. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi lokhu kuzoshintsha ukunambitheka kancane futhi amazambane azolahlekelwa ukuthakazelisa. Kufanele ukubekezelele lokhu uma, uthi, ngesaladi udinga amazambane nokubanda ukuze uhlale umuhle, futhi okuhlangenwe nakho okubabayo kusikisela ukuthi ngokuqinisekile kuzokuba mnyama.

Olunye uhlobo lwenkinga enjalo lwenzeka ngamazambane lapho ethosiwe ekushiseni okuphezulu. Ekhaya, ekhishini, siyakwazi ukukugwema lokhu, futhi ukuqonda kwethu ukuthi, njengomthetho, kwanele ngathi ukuthola umbala wegolide kumazambane athosiwe. Kepha embonini yokulungisa lapho kwenziwa ama-chips noma ama-crisp straws, ukufiphaza ubumnyama kuyinkinga enkulu. Imikhiqizo eqediwe ayitholwa hhayi nje kuphela emabi, kepha futhi imunyu. Isizathu kusabela phakathi kokunciphisa ushukela (i-fructose, ushukela, umala, i-xylose, i-mannose) nama-amino acid amahhala. Kumazambane avuthiwe, asanda kuvunwa, kukhona oshukela abambalwa, ukusuka ku-0,25 kuya ku-0.80%. Kodwa-ke, i-1% isanele ukuthi ama-chip noma utshani bumnyama. Okwamanje, uma amazambane evunwa lapho kubanda noma kupholile kakhulu ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa, anganqwabelana aze afike ku-12% wokunciphisa ushukela. Kungakho amazambane wokucubungula okunjalo kunzima kakhulu ukuwagcina: adinga izinga lokushisa elingu-7 ° C, kepha nezilimo eziyizigaxa ziyahluma ekushiseni okunjalo, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele siqikelele ukuthi lokhu akwenzeki.

Ngakho-ke ukufingqa. Ubuchwepheshe obungenasisekelo bokuvuna, ukuhambisa nokugcina amazambane bunecala kakhulu "lokulimaza". Ukwazi izizathu sekuyisigamu sempi. Akunzima ukuyiqeda engadini yakho, kunzima kakhulu ukuyicima emasimini ahlanganyelwe kanye nasepulazini likahulumeni. Kepha into esemqoka kungenzeka.