Namuhla, abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe bakhetha impilo endlini yangasese, eyabaphoqa bengazi ukuthi bathathe okuqukethwe kwezilwane eziwusizo endlini. Abamele abancane kakhulu kulo mndeni omkhulu yizigwaca. Ukuzalela ekhaya kuyinto engathandeki, ephendula ekunakekelweni yizinyoni, ngisho nabaqalayo bangayenza.
Okugazingiwe, kubhakwe amakhowe namakhambi, izigwaca ezazigxishwe ematafuleni obukhazikhazi eYurophu yasendulo naseRussia. Kepha uma ngalezo zikhathi zakudala izidumbu ezimbalwa zazifakelwe ukuzingela izigwaca, namuhla lezi zinyoni ezincane kakhulu zifakwa ngokuphumelelayo zombili emapulazini angasese nasezindaweni ezinkulu zezinkukhu.
Izici Zomnotho Zokuzala Kwe-Quail
Intshalo izigwaca phakathi kwabalimi izinkukhu amateur kubangelwa:
- izindleko ezingabalulekile zokuthengwa kwamaqanda wokufakwa;
- ukulula kokugcina inyoni;
- ukubuya okusheshayo kutshalomali.
Ungaqala kanjani ukuzalela izigwaca ekhaya kubalimi abaqala izinkukhu? Yibuphi ubunzima obulindelwe, futhi yini okufanele icatshangwe lapho kwakhiwa ipulazi lakho elincane?
Le nyoni izalwe ngezinhloso ezimbili:
- ngenxa yamaqanda wokudla, ezimfanelweni zokudla okunempilo, ukuphepha kanye nezinye izinkomba eziningi eziphakeme kunenkukhu;
- nenyama enamafutha amancane.
Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho ukhetha amakhono epulazi izigwaca esizayo futhi anqume izinhlobo zokuzalela.
Umhlambi omncane wezigwaca unganikeza umndeni ngokugcwele imikhiqizo yemiqanda. Kepha kunenzuzo noma cha ukuzalanisa izigwaca njengebhizinisi? Uma siqhathanisa izinyoni zenyama kanye nesiqondisi seqanda, eyokuqala ihlukaniswe nesisindo sesidumbu esingamakhilogremu angama-300 ngesilinganiso esincane, esifinyelela kuma-200, isibalo samaqanda. Esimweni sesibili, isisindo asidluli kumagremu angama-200, kepha kusuka kugwaca ungakhuphuka ufike kumaqanda angama-300 anesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-10-12 ngonyaka.
Ngemuva kwenyanga nenyanga emva kokuzala izigwaca, sezikulungele ukushesha, futhi kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-18 kuphela ukubeka amaqanda ku-incubator kuya ekuphanyekelweni amantshontsho. Ukunemba okunjalo "akuphuphi" izinkukhu, ezikhuluma ngokuqondile ngamathuba ezomnotho wokuzala izigwaca ekhaya.
Izimo zokugcina izigwaca ekhaya kubaqalayo
Uma izinkukhu, amadada, amahansi nezinye izinyoni ezimeni zepulazi zitholakala kalula futhi zingavuswa kusetshenziswa amadlelo, khona-ke kunzima kakhulu ukubusa izigwaca. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwenyoni lugcinwa emakhejini.
Igumbi lokugcinwa kogwaca ezweni likhethwe lome, lifudumele futhi lifudumele, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ngokuvikelwa okuthembekile, okuyizinyoni ezingenakukwazi ukuma. Ukuthuthukisa nokugcina ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ngenkuthalo, adinga ukukhanyiswa. Amahora wemini wehora eli-17 afanele angabhekwa:
- Uma ukhanyisela amaseli isikhathi eside, ekuqaleni inani lamaqanda lizonyuka, kepha inyoni izophela ngokushesha.
- Isikhathi esifushane sasemini, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukukhanya okwengeziwe, ngeke sinikeze imiphumela efiselekayo evela ekubekeni izikhukhukazi kanye nezilwane ezincane. Ebumnyameni, izinyoni azifuni ukondla, okuholela ekondleni, kepha ngasikhathi sinye zivimbela ukukhula.
Izinkukhu ezingabekezeleleki, indawo encane ehlala amakheji nokubuya okusheshayo emikhiqizweni yokudla - lezi yizizathu zokuthandwa kokuqukethwe kwezigwaca ezweni, endlini yangasese noma efulethini.
Kodwa-ke, ezindlini zokuhlala, ukuzalanisa inani elikhulu lezinyoni akufaneleki:
- ngenxa yengozi yokuthola izifo eziyingozi kuzinyoni nakubantu;
- ubunzima bokudala izimo ezifanele zokukhanyisa nomoya omncane;
- ngenxa yokwephula okusondelayo kwemithetho yokusetshenziswa kwezindlu ezakhiweni ezifulethi.
Endlini yezwe noma endaweni yakhe uqobo, umfuyi wezinkukhu angakhulisa izizukulwane ezimbalwa zezigwaca ngesizini eyodwa yehlobo futhi athole amaqanda aphilile futhi amnandi kuwo. Ukuphela kwento engadinga izindleko ezingezekile ukuzalanisa nokugcina izigwaca ebusika, kepha ividiyo ephathelene nokuhlela inqubo izosiza ekuqondeni ama-nuances ukuvikela amaphutha ngisho nakubalimi abaqala izinkukhu.
Ungazalela kanjani izigwaca?
Ipulazi izigwaca zasekhaya liqala ngokutholwa kwamantshontsho amasonto onke noma ngokufakwa kwazo omncane. Izigwaca ezivelayo zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nemibandela. Ngaphambi kokuzalela izigwaca, ikheji elincane lenzelwa noma lithengelwe amathoyizi amancane, afakwe ukukhanya nokushisa.
Izigwaca ezincane ngeviki lokuqala lempilo zidinga ukulondolozela izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphakeme lika-35-36 ° C. Lapho-ke umoya uthululwa kancane kancane ku-brooder, lapho kuphela isonto lesibili ulethwa ku-30 ° C. Kubalulekile ukuhlomisa ukufudumala kwezigwaca ezincane ngesikhathi sokuzalela ekhaya ukuze izinga lokushisa ekhejini lishintshe kahle, ngaphandle kokugxuma, okusongela ukuwohloka okusheshayo nokufa kwezilwane ezincane.
Ngaphezu kokushisa, izigwaca zishiywe ngokukhanyisa kwewashi emasontweni amabili okuqala. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi uvuse umsebenzi wenyoni, ilungele ama-feeders futhi ikhule ngokushesha. Kusukela emavikini amathathu eminyaka ubudala, amaphuphu adluliselwa kancane kancane aye emahoreni ayi-12 okukhanya. Ukusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5, lapho izigwaca ziqala ukushesha, izinyoni zifakwa emakhejini ngokukhanya kosuku lwamahora ayi-17.
Ehlobo, izinyoni zingaqhutshelwa emoyeni, kepha alukho uhla oluvulekile lwezigwaca. Futhi lapha ziqukethwe kumaseli anezikhala.
Lapho ugcina izigwaca ekhaya, abalimi be-novice badinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile embusweni wokuphakelayo nokudla, kanye nokugcina ukuhlanzeka kumaseli. Ukwenza ukuhlanza kungabi nabunzima, amakheji nezinsana zezingane kufakwe ngaphansi okuphansi futhi zenziwe ngezinto ezisetshenziseka kalula kuzo zombili izinqubo zokufunda ezomile nezinhlanzeko zokuhlanzeka.
Ukuhlelwa kwamakheji izigwaca
Izitsha zokuphuza ezisebenzayo zinikezwa ukondla izinyoni ezindaweni zokuboshwa. Kwezilwane ezincane, ukwakheka kohlobo lwe-vacuum kufiseleka kakhulu. Kwizinyoni ezindala, ungashiya imishini ekhona noma ufake iziphuzo ze-nipple ezinganikezeli izigwaca ukufinyelela emanzini. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphuza umswakama kuzohlala kuhlanzekile, futhi izigwaca uqobo lwazo ngeke zihlupheke nge-hypothermia.
Isibalo sezitsha zokuphuza kanye nezithathwa zokudla okufuywayo ekhaya zibalwa ngokuya ngenani lemfuyo ukuze ngesikhathi esishisayo noma ngesikhathi sokudla okukhulu, izilwane ezifuywayo azixabani ngenxa yokondla futhi zinganyatheli ababuthakathaka. Ngamachwane ku-brooder set set feeders. Njengoba zikhula zithathelwa indawo yizakhiwo zama-groove ezingaphandle kwamaseli.
Okuqukethwe kwabadala abadala
Eminyakeni yamaviki amathathu, amachwane atshalwa emakhejini abadala. Abesifazane bazilungiselela ukuba izingqimba, kanti abesilisa bahlelwa ukuba bazale futhi babe namanoni. Ngalesi sikhathi, kunezinguquko ekudleni.
Izigwaca ezicebile ngamaprotheni zokuzalela ekhaya zengezwa ngezakhi ezicebile ngamaprotheni. Lokhu kuzosiza izinkukhu ezizalela esikhathini esizayo ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, futhi abesilisa abasebenza izigwaca bathola isisindo ngokushesha. Ekufikeni kwenyanga eyodwa nesigamu, imfuyo encane ihlukaniswa ngokobulili futhi iba amaqembu noma imindeni yabazali, futhi abalimi abanenkukhu abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuba bathathe abesilisa abasebenza izigwaca eziyisishiyagalombili. Kulokhu, abantu abakhethiwe babekwa ngokushesha esitokisini esisodwa. Kamuva, kungcono ukungaguquki abesilisa, ngoba izinkomo zikukhuthalele lokhu futhi zingakhubazeka novice.
Uma iqembu lakhiwa kuphela kusuka ezingxenyeni, khona-ke owesilisa osebenzayo onamandla angatshalwa nabo njengoba kunesidingo. Kulokhu, kulula ukulawula ukuthi iziphi izinyoni ezimboziwe, futhi ukukhiqizwa kweqanda ngokuqapha okufanele kuphezulu.
