Uma ufuna ukukhula isitshalo esimangazayo, esingakhethi futhi esingandile, kufanele unake i-kaleria yezimbali evela emndenini wakwaGesneriev. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kahle, futhi kulula kakhulu ukusinakekela. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ezikhulele ekhaya zingamakhalori ezimbali ze-digitalis, amakhalori amnandi, amakhalori we-fluffy. Izidingo ze-Agrotechnical zazo zonke izinhlobo zicishe zifane. Isitshalo sifanelwe kahle ukuhlobisa izimbali.
Incazelo yezimbali i-kaleria
Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-65 zalesi sitshalo ziyaziwa, ezingabonakala emvelweni ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika Ephakathi. Isici saso esihlukile ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaqabunga e-pubescent anemibala ehlukahlukene, kusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya kweyethusi. Kepha isizathu esiyinhloko esenza ukuthi imbali i-kaleria, njengasesithombeni, idume phakathi kwezitshalo zasendlini izimbali zokuqala. Lesi sitshalo sibumba kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla ngeziphazamiso ezincane.
Izimbali zifana nezinsimbi eziguquliwe ezine-corolla ende. Umbala wazo ungahluka: kusuka ku-pink kuya ku-brown brown, kufakwe ngaphakathi isithunzi esihlukile. Ngokuvamile, nzalo etshalwa ekhaya enesikhathi eside sezimbali.
Izici Zokunakekela
Lesi sitshalo siheha futhi simangaze ngezimbali zalo ezinhle. I-Kaleria, njengasesithombeni, ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ekhaya. Ikhula kahle efudumele, lapho kungekho okusalungiswa. Kubalulekile nje ukumhlinzeka ngokunisela okuhleliwe.
Ukushisa nokukhanyisa
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, okulungele kakhulu ukuqhakaza okuxakile kanye nesimo esihle sezimbali ukushisa kwama-20 - 25 ° C. Ngemuva kokushintshwa kwesitshalo kuye ekuphumeni, izinga lokushisa kumele lehliswe. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lizoba ngu-16 -17 ° C. Kubalulekile ukucabanga ukuthi lesi sitshalo asilubekezeleli uhlaka.
Ukuze uzizwe kahle, izimbali zekhalori zidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokungabikho kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Kulokhu, amaqabunga esitshalo aqhakaza futhi aqweqwe. Indawo enhle ngamafasitela, enamasiko asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Uma amafasitela esuselwa eningizimu, ikhalori iyasuswa ukukhanya ikhanye ukuze amahlamvu ayo angaguquki aphuzi. Lapho ubeka izitshalo emafasiteleni abheke enyakatho, kungahle kungabi nokukhanya okwanele.
Ebusika, imbali yekhalori nayo kudingeka inikeze isilinganiso esidingekayo sokukhanya.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Imbali kufanele iniselwe ngokulinganayo ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuvuka kwayo, kuze kube ekwindla, kuze kube ukuqhuma. Kubalulekile ukuqapha inhlabathi. Ekushiseni, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwama-kilojoule kuqukethe ukuthambisa kaningi ukuvimbela umhlaba ukuba ungashisi. Ebusika, kuyaqabeleka ukunisela, njengoba inhlabathi yomile.
Uma ingxenye esemoyeni ye-caliber isiphelile, ukuthambisa kusaqhubeka, ngoba lapho kungekho khona impande izoma ngokuphelele.
Isitshalo sithanda umswakama ophezulu. Ngomoya owomile kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, ebusika ngesikhathi sokushisa, ibhodwe eline-khalori kufanele libekwe esikhwameni ngodaka olwandisiwe namanzi. Kepha ukuze imbiza ingathinti amanzi.
Ukwakha indawo enomswakama, ungafafaza umoya ngamanzi okushisa egumbi. Imbali ngokwayo akufanele ifafazwe, ngoba amaqabunga angama-pubescent. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho amanzi efika emaqabunga esitshalo, amabala amnyama angavela kuwo.
Transplant kanye substrate
Uma kunesidingo, ukufakelwa kwekhalori kungenziwa entwasahlobo. Abatshali abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuthi bangahlukanisi inhlabathi nezimpande, kodwa ukumane badlulise imbali ibe yimbali entsha ebanzi nengashoni. Isendlalelo sokukhula sakhiwe kusuka ku-turf, inhlabathi enamaqabunga, i-peat nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 2: 1: 1. Kuyasiza ukwengeza inhlabathi ngamalahle, obamba umswakama owedlulele othinta kabi uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ukukhethwa kwembiza kuncike ngqo kusayizi we-rhizome yimbali kaleria. Inketho efaneleke kakhulu akuyona indawo ejulile, kodwa ebanzi yezimbali enobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-15. Kungcono ukusebenzisa imbiza yobumba, ngoba igcina umswakama isikhathi eside, futhi izimpande azishisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ubeka izimbali ewindini, imbiza yobumba izokwengeza ukuqina kubo.
Ukuze imbali ikhule futhi iqhume kahle, kufanele ivundiswe. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngenyanga emhlabathini, ezilungele izitshalo eziqhakazayo.
Isikhathi samakhalori aqhakaza eziqhakaza siwela ehlobo-ekwindla. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, umsebenzi obalulekile wesitshalo awuyeki, ngakho-ke nakekela imbali enama-kilojoule ekhaya ukuthambisa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ama-kilojoule anganciphisi futhi aqukethe iqiniso lokuthi ekhaya, izinketho ezintathu zokukhiqiza kabusha ziyatholakala. Okuyivelakancane ezitshalweni ezishisayo zangaphandle.
Amakhalori angandiswa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- ngembewu;
- ukusika;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwekhisi.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Imbewu zidinga ukuhlwanyelwa endaweni engaphansi kwenhlabathi yamaqabunga nesihlabathi. Akufafaze ngomhlaba akudingekile, kepha fafaza kuphela ngamanzi, bese umboza nge-polyethylene. Iziqukathi ezinembewu yekhalori kufanele zibekwe endaweni efudumele. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokuhluma lingama-23 ° C.
Lapho izithombo zihluma, kufanele zitshalwe kude ngu-2 cm zingene emhlabathini wenhlanganisela efanayo. Umhlaba kumele ufafazwe njalo ngesibhamu sokufafaza. Ngemuva kwetinyanga letingu-1.5, titjalo letikhulile kumele takhiwe kabusha ngebanga le-3 cm.
Emabhodweni ezomuntu, izithombo zingatshalwa lapho zikhula futhi ziqina. Indawo ngayinye yezimbali idinga ibhodwe lezimbali elinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-7. Isizinda esingaphansi sezithombo siqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:
- umhlaba we-turf - ingxenye eyi-1/2;
- umhlaba wamashidi - izingxenye ezi-2;
- isihlabathi - ingxenye eyi-1;
- umhlabathi we-peat - 1 ingxenye.
Ngaphambi kokuba isihlahla sakhiwe, ingaphezulu lezithombo ligoqiwe ukuze kuvulwe ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela.
Izimbumbulu
Ukusabalalisa amakhalori ngokusika, kuyadingeka ukusika phezulu kwelesi bese usitshala esitsheni esinomhlabathi onesihlahla nesihlabathi. Moisten the substrate bese umboza nge ukugoqa epulasitiki. Inhlabathi kufanele isakazwe futhi iniselwe nsuku zonke.
UKaleria kufanele athathe izimpande amaviki ama-2. Lapho ihlumela elincane liqala ukukhula, lidinga ukufakelwa kwelinye ibhodwe.
Ukugqugquzela ukwakheka kwezimpande, ukusika ngaphambi kokutshala kungabekwa amahora angama-2-3 kusisombululo sezinto zokuvuselela amandla.
Esikhundleni amahlumela, ungasebenzisa amaqabunga. Kufanele zifakwe emanzini noma ziphonswe esihlabathini esimanzi. Kodwa izimpande zazo zakhiwa kancane ngaphezulu kwezinyanga ezimbalwa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwengcindezi
Ekhaya, kulula kakhulu ukuzalanisa amakhalori ngokuhlukanisa impande. Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwezimbali, udinga ukusebenzisa ummese obukhali ukuhlukanisa izimpande ze-tuberous. Fafaza indawo yokusika ngamalahle bese ushiya ukomile kancane. Bese uyilahle izimbali zomuntu ngamunye. Izimpande kufanele zijule ngamasentimitha ambalwa enhlabathini futhi ziniselwe. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, isitshalo esisha kufanele sikhule kusuka engxenyeni ngayinye yezimpande.
Ukucwilisa, okungajwayelekile, okulula nokunakekela nokusabalalisa amakhalori abomvu kungakhulisa nesiqalo ku-floriculture. Uma ulandela yonke imithetho, uzojabulisa abanye isikhathi eside ngezimbali zakhe ezinhle nezikhanyayo.
