I-Sage, noma iSalvia - udokotela kanye nomhlobiso wale ndawo

Ukuqamba izitshalo ngendlela yokusebenzisa, abalimi nabalimi bezimbali empilweni yansuku zonke bayabizwa ISalvia, kusuka egameni lesiLatini lohlobo (ISalvia), izinhlobo zokuhlobisa nezinhlobonhlobo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa imibhede yezimbali, imibhede yezimbali nokutshala ezimbizeni nasezimbizeni zezimbali. Izitshalo eziklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zivame ukubizwa I-Sage, okuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuvumelanisa nolimi lwesiRussia lwegama lesiLatini.

Igama lalesi sitshalo livela egameni lesiLatini elithi "isalvare", okusho ukuthi longa, vikela.

Ku-genus Sage, noma iSalvia (ISalvia) mayelana nezinhlobo ezingama-900, ezenza zibe ngenye yezinto ezibanzi kakhulu emhlabeni. I-Sage ingeyomndeni we-Yasnotkovye (Lamiaceae) futhi ivela ezifundeni ezishisayo nezishisayo emhlabeni wonke, ngaphandle kwe-Australia. EMelika kuphela, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-500 ze-sage zikhula ngokwemvelo. Emvelweni, ama-salvia ahlala ezindaweni ezinelanga: emahlathini aqhakazile, emadwaleni amatshe, ezindaweni ezomile nezinezikhukhula, inkatho engenamuntu.

ISalvia officinalis, uhlobo lwe-mosagate. © ccvfloresta

Zonke izinhlobo zalolu hlobo lwamafutha zibalulekile; abanye babo bangena emasikweni njengezokwelapha, ngokwesibonelo, iSalvia officinalis (ISalvia officinalis) Izici ezahlukahlukene zamafutha abalulekile ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ze-sage kanye namathuba okusebenzisa kwawo akukafundwa.

I-Sage isitshalo esimnandi, amafutha abalulekile aqukethe amaqabunga awo kanye namahlumela amancane. Amahlamvu esivuni sege kufanele abe ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ukuqoqa kabusha kungenzeka ekwindla. Izinto eziqukethwe ku-sage zinomphumela we-antispasmodic, disinfecting, carmativeative and astringent. Ngokuhambisana nalezi zakhiwo, i-sage isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-normalization yesisu, ipheshana lokuphefumula, kanye nezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala zomgudu womlomo.

I-savender leaf sage (iSalvia lavandulifolia). © Doc Elly

Ukukhulunywa nge-sage kutholakala kuPliny, lapho singaphetha khona ngokuthi izitshalo zazisetshenziswa eMbusweni WaseRoma futhi kungenzeka ukuthi zasakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu ngabaseRoma. Ubufakazi obulandelayo obusemthethweni bukhomba emuva kwiNkathi Ephakathi yangaphambili: khona-ke i-sage yokwelapha yayisakazekile ezivandeni zezindela. Izindela zitshala isihlahla njengesiqholo kanye nesitshalo sokwelapha, ezaphatha ngokoqobo yonke into kusuka kumakhaza kuya kokufaka ubuthi. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zaseSalvia zafika eYurophu kamuva, ngesikhathi “sabazingeli bezitshalo” kanye nomfutho wokuhlobisa ingadi, owaqala ngekhulu le-18. I-salvia enothando lokushisa evela ezifundeni ezishisayo ikhula lapha njengezitshalo ezitshaliwe.

I-Sage sparkling, noma iSalvia iyakhazimula (iSalvia iyakhanya). © i n o i l

Izici Ezikhulayo

Indawo: Izinhlobo eziningi zidinga indawo enelanga. I-adhesive salvia ifakwa ngomthunzi oyingxenye. Izinhlobo eziningi ziyabekezelela isomiso.

Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi enhle kakhulu kubo yomile, inothile nge-lime, iyatholakala, ayikhanyi kakhulu. I-salvia ecwebezelayo ikhula kangcono enhlabathini ecebile nenomswakama, kanye ne-salvia ekhazimulayo - emhlabathini othambile futhi oxegayo, onomvula kanye nama-blooms acebile buthaka. Ihlathi laseSalvia kumhlabathi osindayo rots futhi liphelelwe amandla.

Ukunakekelwa: ngemuva kokuqhakaza okukhulu, sinqume ngokuphelele i-salvia yehlathi, bese isitshalo siqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Umanyolo wokufaka umquba nawo unesandla ekuqhakambisweni kwesibili. Fushanisa i-salvia officinalis ngo-2/3, khona-ke isitshalo sizoba sibumbene ngokwengeziwe. Izinqubo ziyasuswa.

Ukuzala

Izinhlobo zonyaka neze-biennial ze-salvia zisatshalaliswa ngembewu, ezihlwanyelwa entwasahlobo nangaphambi kobusika. Imbewu e-sparkling ye-salvia ihlwanyelwa ngoFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi emabhokisini. Ama-Shots ajwayele ukuvela ngosuku lwe-10-15. Izithombo zishona kabili. Ukuthola izithombo eziqinile, ukuthathwa kwesibili kwenziwa ezimbizeni eziyi-9 cm. Ngo-Ephreli, bayiswa emagumbini okugcina izithombo ukuqina. Zitshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo ekuqaleni kukaJuni, ngemuva kokuphela kwezithwathwa zentwasahlobo, zigcina ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezingama-20-25 cm. Izithombo eziqinile zikubekezelela ukufakelwa kahle.

Izinhlobo ze-perennial ezisakazwa ngembewu, ukusikwa kwesiqu nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Ukufakelwa indawo kwenziwa kangcono ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Ukutshala abasha ebusika bokuqala kudinga indawo yokukhosela.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sage yokuhlobisa

Iningi lamaholo lisetshenziswa ekubukweni komhlaba. I-sage ekhanyayo isebenza kakhulu ekuqambweni kwemikhosi, izaphulelo, imibhede yezimbali. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinomkhuba we-compact zilungele ukukhula kumakholoni, kumabhodwe, kwizimbali zezimbali neziqukathi. Esikhathini esiningi kakhulu, le nhlobo itshalwe kuma-mixborder, kepha-ke, ifanelwe ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ezingomeni ezixubile, ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi wakhe amabala akhanyayo ahlobisa isikhathi eside.

I-sage yaseTopiya ilungele ukutshala kweqembu ngokuhambisana nesizinda samatshe: ama-rosette amakhulu amaqabunga e-pubescent mihle ngokungajwayelekile ngonyaka wokuqala wezimila, kanye nama-inflorescence amakhulu e-airy kwesibili. Amasheya abomvu, amnyama, aluhlaza okotshani, anomsindo, anamathela, umcamelo ne-oki muhle ngamabhomu e-mixb. Ama-inflorescence awo ahlukile awanikezi imibala ekhanyayo, noma kunjalo, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemibala ebubende nokububende, ezinkulu, izihlahla ezinhle, ukuhambisana okuhle nezinye izinto zonyaka zivumela lezi zinhlobo ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekubumbeni komhlaba.

I-compact sage - iqabunga le-dandelion ne-saur ye-Yurisich - zibukeka zihle kakhulu ngaphambili kwe-mixborder, ungabancoma ama-rockeries. I-Sage ayifane isetshenziselwe ukusika, noma kunjalo, i-powdery sage ihle kakhulu ngokuhlelekile. Ama-inflorescence awo amnyama aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka agcina umphumela wawo wokuhlobisa emanzini isikhathi eside, futhi omisiwe ayinto enhle kakhulu yezimbali zasebusika. Ezingomeni ezomile, ungasebenzisa futhi isaka elicwengekile (ibanga le-Purple Rhine elinezinkomishi ezibubende) nesoseji eluhlaza. Iziphethu zezihlumela zakamuva zomiswa ngokungenasisekelo esihlabathini, kuyilapho umbala obabazekayo we-violet noma okhanyayo ophuzi womabhulokhi ugcinwe ngokuphelele.

I-flowerbed evela kuSalvius. © Gary R. Bachman

Izinhlobo

Ukuhlobisa

Ihlathi laseSalvia (Salvia sylvestris) - Isitshalo sokuhlobisa esibandayo esibandayo. Ama-blooms ekuqaleni kwehlobo ngezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezibubende zemithunzi ehlukahlukene. Ngokusekelwe kulolu hlobo, kwakhiwa izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi: iBlauhugel, Mainacht, Lye End, Viola Klose, Rhapsody in Blue - ngezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uRose Queen - ngezimbali ezipinki, iSchneehogel - ngezimbali ezimhlophe.

ISalvia Forest 'Mainacht'. © Cillas

ISalvia lavender, i-nyembamba-leaved, noma iSpain (ISalvia lavandulifolia) - Isitshalo sokuhlobisa ngokukhethekile esinamahlamvu ezinwele nezimbali ezintekenteke ngoMeyi-Juni. Kusetshenziswa ekuphekeni. Ukuqina kobusika.

ISalvia oak (USalvia nemorosa) - Isitshalo esingenakubanda esimelana nokubanda. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezine-violet (Caradonna, Marcus, Ostfriesland) kanye nepinki (Plumosa, Rose Wine, Schwellenburg) ziyaziwa.

ISalvia yi-oki. © uJerzy Opiola

ISalvia Meadow (ISalvia pratensis) - ngezimbali ezinsomi, ezipinki (zeLapis Lazuli) noma ezimhlophe (zeSwan Lake) engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo. Izinhlobo zeqembu le-Haematode ziyaziwa.

USalvia ushaye ikhwela (ISalvia verticulata) - Isitshalo esihlobisa ngokweqile futhi esibandayo esibandayo esinezimbali ezimbala ngokunsomi. Izimbali kusuka ngoJulayi kuya ekwindla. Izinhlobonhlobo ezaziwayo i-Purple Imvula, kanye nokuhlukahluka kwe-Alba ngezimbali ezimhlophe.

Meaty Salvia (Salvia farinacea) - isitshalo sokuhlobisa se-thermophilic, esiqhakaza kahle kusuka ehlobo kuya ekwindla. Izimbali ziluhlaza okotshani. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zaseVictoria ziyaziwa. Ezifundeni ezibandayo kakhulu, kunconywa ukuba ukhule njengonyaka.

ISalvia ebomvu (ISalvia coccinea) - isitshalo se-thermophilic biennial from South America, sithanda inhlabathi yokushisa nenhlabathi enomswakama. Blooms ngasekupheleni kwehlobo - ekwindla kwezimbali ezimhlophe, ezipinki noma ezibomvu. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezibomvu zivame kakhulu kusiko: iLady in Red, Forest Fire.

ISalvia encane, noma i-myrtle (ISalvia microphylla) - Isihlahla esihle se-thermophilic esivela eMexico. Amaqabunga ama-oval aluhlaza okotshani afaka iphunga le-currant emnyama, uma ihlikihlwe ezandleni. Izimbali ezibomvu ezikhanyayo ziyavela kulesi sitshalo maphakathi nehlobo, izimbali ziyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho iqhwa kuqala.

ISalvia discolored (ISolvia discolour) - isitshalo sokuqala kakhulu esivela eMexico. Izimbali ezimnyama eziluhlaza zimnyama zihlala zifihlwe endebeni yesiliva.

ISalvia icwebezela, ikhazimula (ISalvia iyaqhakaza) - I-salvia ethandwa kakhulu eRussia, ikhule ngonyaka. Iqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuqhwa, umbala - kusuka ku-orange-ebomvu kuya onsomi onsomi. Ulungiselela inhlabathi emanzi ngokulinganayo.

Izinhlobo zemithi nezinongo

ISalvia officinalis (ISalvia officinalis) - isitshalo okwelapha kanye nezinongo. Kuvela esifundeni saseMedithera naseBalkan. Isihlahla sobusika esiqina ebusika esinamaqabunga aminyene velvety nezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kunezinhlobo ezingabandisi ezibandayo ezingavuthiwe nge-burgundy green (Purpurascens), ukhilimu oluhlaza (Aurea), ukhilimu we-cream burgundy (Tricolor) namaqabunga e-green yellow (Icterina).

I-Sage nenhle (ISalvia elegans) - isitshalo eside (kufika ku-1 m) ngezimbali ezibomvu ezenziwe njengama-funeli ezibonakala ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Uma uhlikihla amaqabunga aleso sage, uzozwa iphunga lezithelo. Kusetshenziswa ekuphekeni, isibonelo, kumasaladi ezithelo. Izinhlobo ezaziwayo: I-Scarlet Pineapple (enephunga likaphayinaphu), iTangerine Sage (enephunga le-mandarin).

Zuza

I-Sage iwusizo ikakhulukazi emzimbeni wesifazane, ngoba uqukethe ama-phytohormones abesifazane. I-Sage iphatha i-frigidity futhi inomphumela omuhle wokulwa nokuguga. Ezikhathini zasendulo, ukufakwa kwamaqabunga e-sage nejusi kwanikezwa abesifazane abanokuzala, ngoba kuqinisa izindonga zesibeletho futhi kunomthelela ekuqambeni ngempumelelo. Isiza ukwehlisa ukwesaba ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Kusiza inkambo yezifo eziningi zokuvuvukala zesibeletho.