IChubushnik ibizwa ngejasmine yengadi ngenxa yephunga elimnandi lezimbali zalo. Igama lesiLatini lalesi sitshalo (iPhiladelphus) livela egameni elithi “uthando” nelithi “mfowethu”, ngoba amagatsha aphambene nesihlahla asondele kakhulu kangangokuba kubonakala sengathi ahlanganiswe ndawonye. Amagxolo asezimpondweni ezincane zensimu ahlekisayo, mncane, aqothuka kalula, asiza ukuthenwa kwezihlahla.
Incazelo yokuhlekisa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza: ukuphakama kwesihlahla, isithombe samaqabunga nezimbali
Tshala ukuhlekisa noma ingadi jasmine (UPhiladelphus) ingeyomndeni wakwaHortense, izwe lakubo yiYurophu, eMpumalanga kanye naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eNyakatho Melika. Kwenzeka endaweni enkulu ukusuka eCaucasus kuya ezifundeni zaseningizimu yeYurophu.
E-Russia, lesi sihlahla sivame ukubizwa ngokungafanele ngokuthi i-jasmine ngephunga elimnandi lezimbali kwezinye izinhlobo zokuhlekisa. Ama-jasmines wangempela akhuphuka njalo ezihlahleni ezihlala njalo nezitshalo ezinwabuzelayo ezivela emndenini we-Olive. Ukufana kwephunga lezimbali kuhlanganisa i-jasmines yangempela ne-chubushniki, yize phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50 ze-chubushnik kukhona abamele abanephunga elibuthakathaka kakhulu noma akukho phunga lezimbali (elikhulu-flow, Schrenka, Gordon).
I-jasmine yaseGadini iyi-shrub emhlobiso emangalisayo, ngesizathu esithile eminyakeni yamuva nje engatholakali ezingcebeni zasengadini (ngaphandle kwalezo ezingaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka). Kepha lungasetshenziswa njenge uthango oluhlukanisa iziza ezimbili ezingomakhelwane, futhi njengomhlobiso wanoma yiliphi igumbi lengadi.
Eminyakeni yamuva, kubhekwe kakhulu kulesi siko, futhi ngenxa yalokho, sinezinhlobonhlobo hhayi kuphela ezimhlophe, kodwa futhi nezimbali zikakhilimu, ezinephunga eliqinile kakhulu, okuthi ngoJuni-Julayi kudonse ukunaka kwanoma ngubani odlula lesi sitshalo.
Lesi isihlahla esikhulu esiqhakazile esinezimbali eziningi. Ukuphakama kokugcona-phezulu kusuka ku-0.8 kuya ku-3.5 - 4 m, amatshidi anomqhele oyindilinga.
Amaqabunga omhlonyane ahlukile, i-ovate-lanceolate noma i-oval-point. Amahlumela awanalutho, asetshenziselwa ukwenza i-chubuk (amapayipi), yingakho igama lawo. Entwasahlobo, amaqabunga aphuzi esihlahlana aqala ukuguquka abe luhlaza, bese ekwindla alahlekile.
Izimbali zesimo somhlonyane zimhlophe noma ziluhlaza ngombala, zinobubanzi obungafika ku-5 cm, ziqoqwa kuma-racemose noma ama-panicrate inflorescences, ngamandla - noma abuthakathaka-ngokuphefumula, kuvame ukuphindeka kabili. Iqhakaza ehlobo, kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya kuJulayi; ezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobo ziyaqhakaza kuze kufike kumaviki awu-7.
Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, isithelo se-shrub mock-up siyibhokisi elinembewu encane:
Bayakwazisa ukuhlekisa ngobuhle nephunga elimnandi lezimbali.
Isitshalo sejasmine engadini sithanda izindawo ezivulekile ezinelanga futhi, yize zibekezelela umthunzi oyingxenye, ziyema ukuqhakaza ngokubopha okuqinile. Ifunwa kakhulu ekuvundeni komswakama nenhlabathi, ngakho-ke, esimweni sokukhula kufanele inikezwe njalo ngomanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali. Musa ukubekezelela ukusondelana kwamanzi asemhlabeni okusondele. Basabela kahle ekuthenweni futhi basakazeka kalula ngenzalo yezithelo, ukusikwa, ukusikwa okuluhlaza nokulimala, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla nembewu engafakwanga engatshalwa ekwindla, iqhwa nentwasahlobo.
IChubushnik inobunzima obanele bobusika, kepha izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zingaziphatha ngokuhlukile ezimweni zezulu zaseRussia Ephakathi. Manje noma yiziphi izinto zokutshala zalezi izihlahlana zingangena emakethe yethu. Ngakho-ke, kuyingozi ukuthola izinhlobo nezinhlobo zemvelaphi yakwamanye amazwe ngokulandelana ngaphandle kokubandlululwa: ezinye zazo zibekezelela iqhwa kuze kufike ku-25 ° C, kanti ezinye zibekezelela kuphela -15 ° C. Ubusika obukhulu ikakhulukazi, ngisho nezinhlobo eziqinile zasebusika kanye nezinhlobo zingabanda iqhwa lekhava leqhwa, kodwa ngenxa yobukhona besistimu enamandla yezimpande, isihlahla seqhwa sikhula ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthena amahlumela okonakele. Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola izinhlobo nezinhlobo eziqinile zasebusika lapho uhlelo lwezimpande lungabamba khona.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kokuhlekisa kuya ngokuhlukahluka kwako. Ngezinye izikhathi ziyaqhakaza izinyanga ezimbili! Izimbali eziseChubushnik zikhulu impela: ezinhlotsheni zesimanje zingafinyelela kububanzi obungu-6 cm. Okubaluleke kakhulu inkathi yezimbali yokunyawuka kwamahlwili - ngoJuni-Julayi, lapho izilimo eziningi zasengadini sezivele zaphela.
Kepha ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, nangemva kwaso, akukudaleli ubuhle esizeni, ngoba isihlahla sibi, sakhiwe, saqiniswa, amagatsha anamathela kulo lonke uhlangothi. Ngakho-ke, ungakubeki engaphambili.
Udlulisela ukuthutha noma kunini ehlobo, isistimu yezimpande kuphela akufanele yome. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakwa: minyaka yonke udinga ukusika engagugi, amagatsha anomona, aphukile futhi aqandisiwe. Lapho nje uyeka ukumlandela, uzothatha ngokushesha indlela yokugcwala abangenamakhaya.
Izindlela zokuzala
Kunezindlela ezi-3 eziphambili zokuzalela ukuhlekisa (ingadi yejasmine). Esokuqala ngokwahlukanisa isihlahla, kepha kulokhu udinga ukuba nesihlahla uqobo. Futhi uma engekho? Ungazama ukuyithenga noma ubuze umakhelwane wakho. Ubunzima bukhona lokuthi akuzona zonke izithombo zemarshmallow ezithengiswa yonke indawo, ngisho nomakhelwane bayo kungenzeka bangabikho.
Kulula ukusebenzisa ukwakheka, kepha futhi, kulokhu udinga ukuba nesihlahla.
Indlela elula ukusakazwa ngokusikwa okuluhlaza. Ukuthola ukhipha udoti oluhlaza we-jasmine ehlobo kulula kakhulu kune-seedling uqobo.
Ungasabalalisa imbewu ye-marmoset ne-jasmine etshalwe esikoleni ukuze ikhule ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqa imbewu (ithengwe ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela i-stratify esihlabathini esimanzi esiqandisini izinyanga eziyi-3-4). Zikhula ngonyaka, kepha ngeke ziqhakaze kungekudala, eminyakeni engaba ngu-4-5. Amafomu e-Terry awakwazi ukusakazeka kanjena (izitshalo ezingezona ezomhlaba ngokuvamile zikhula kuzo), zingasatshalaliswa kuphela ngokusikwa, futhi, futhi ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, lokhu okuthembeke kakhulu.
I-Jasmine kanye ne-marshmallow ukusika ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Yaba isihlahla ngo-Agasti.
Ngakho-ke, uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala lesi sihlahla endaweni yakho, khona-ke yazi ukuthi basisika ehlobo, ngoJulayi, kodwa isithombo singatshalwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
I-Latch futhi inakekele indoda ehlekisayo (enevidiyo)
Ngemuva kokumba izimbobo ngaphambi kobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-50 kanye nokujula okufanayo, engeza ibhakede eli-1 lomquba kuwo, ubeke isiqu, bese usimboze ngenhla lomhlaba owumbiwe, uphinde uwuthulule futhi.
Ngemuva kokutshala, izihlahlana zidliwa izikhathi ezi-3 lapho unakekela i-jasmine yengadi. Isikhathi sokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lapho amahlamvu okuqala eqala ukuqhakaza. Ngokwesibili - ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Okwesithathu - ekwindla, ukuze isitshalo siphucuke kangcono.
Okondla, yenza isixazululo samalitha ayi-10 amanzi, isipuni esisodwa se-superphosphate ne-1 isipuni se-potassium sulfate. Kwisitjalo ngasinye sebenzisa amalitha ayi-15 esisombululo.
Abalimi abaningi basebenzisa umanyolo we-AVA granular ngesilinganiso se-10-15 g nge-1 m2 lapho betshala futhi bondla. Lapho usebenzisa lo manyolo, lesi sitshalo sikhula masinyane, sibhekane kangcono nezifo nezilokazane, futhi sibekezelela ubusika obubandayo.
Lesi sihlahla sinconywa ngokutshala emahlathini ahlukile noma ngamaqembu otshanini, ekuhlanganisweni nezinye izitshalo zezimbali, ukudala izindonga zemingcele nemingcele.
Lapho utshala futhi unakekela i-chubushnik, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-3-4 ingadi yejasmine heedge ivezwa kusuka ngezansi futhi ilahlekelwe umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Ukuze uzuze ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha, kuvuselelwa ngokunciphisa iziqu zezitshalo endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha ayi-10-20 ukusuka ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi. Izihlahla zezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokuvuselelwa azivumelani.
Kungcono ukutshala izihlahla ngazinye, ukuze kuthi emva kokuqhakaza izimbali zingabizi ngamehlo. Ungakhula ube yi-mock up exutshwe nezinye izihlahla njenge uthango oluhlaza zombili emngceleni wesayithi nangaphakathi ukuhlukanisa izindawo ezihlukene (ukuzijabulisa, indawo yokudlala, izoso).
Izinhlobo zezinhlekisa kanye nezithombe zezinhlobo zejasmine engadini
Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-50 zika-orenji ezihlekisayo ziyaziwa. Kutholakala enkabeni neRussia h. umqhele (Ph. coronarius), h ejwayelekile (Ph. ubuhlanga), h. Schrenka (Ph. i-schrenkii), h. Caucasian (Ph. i-caucasicus), h (Ph. angustifolius) Phakathi kwama-mummies wezezimbali sekwedlule isikhathi ezithakazelisa ngokukhethekile h (Ph. i-latifolius).
Ngezansi ungathola isithombe nencazelo yokuhlekisa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo.
Manje kunezindlela eziningi zasengadini zalesi sitshalo, ezinhle kakhulu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo hhayi kuphela ezimhlophe, kepha futhi ngezimbali eziphuzi noma ezipinki, kunezindlela ezingama-terry. Imvamisa, ama-jasmines amhlophe akhula ebaleni. Izimbali zabo ezinjenge-porcelain zinesimo esihle.
Uhlobo olunzima kakhulu ebusika umqhele wokuhleka, kwesinye isikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi okujwayelekile. Inezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukile ngohlobo lomqhele, i-terry yezimbali nombala wazo kusuka kumhlophe omhlophe, ukhilimu kuya ophuzi wegolide. Zonke zikhula kahle kusiko kuze kufike e-Urals naseSiberia futhi ziqhakaza kakhulu ngezimbali ezimhlophe ezinomuncu onephunga elinamandla.
Nazi izithombe zezinhlobo zejasmine yengadi ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi:
Ukusuka ekutsheni komphemeni ophaphathekile onsundu, ofana kakhulu nemashi yemashi, kuya kumollusk omncane oshiye imvelaphi yaseNyakatho Melika, Lemoix ukuhlekisa enkulu, ifinyelela ku-3 cm ubukhulu, izimbali ezimhlophe zibonisa iphunga elinamandla kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, iningi lezimbumbulu ezihlekisayo uLemoine ebusika obukhulu iqhwa iqhwa eSt. Petersburg naseMoscow, yize zibuyiselwa ngokushesha.
Emapulazini engadi, ama-mock-ups angahlelwa kahle futhi kahle. Amachibi akhula ngokuqinile, aqhekekile abukeka kahle kakhulu ezivandeni ezinkulu, ngokwesibonelo, maqondana nodonga lwendlu yendlu noma etshalwe utshani. Ukuhlekisa okumnandi I-Lemoine ibukeka kahle kakhulu ngokuhlanganiswa kwezimbali zeminyaka.
Izinhlobo ezikhula kancane zejasmine yengadi - I-Gnome, i-Yunnat, iDwarf, i-Charm - ahambelana nasezivandeni zamatshe, futhi eduze nedamu, emakhoneni egceke lengulube nasezivandeni ezijwayelekile.
Imingcele ephansi emincane (imingcele) ifinyelela ezinhlotsheni "I-White Bouquet", "I-Moonlight", "Ama-Komsomolets", "I-Academic Komarov". Lawa mahekithi empeleni awadingi gundi lezinwele. Ama-hedge amahle angaqhakaza kahle atholakala ezitshalweni zohlobo olufanayo lwama-mock-ups: i-coronet, iSchrenk, iCaucasian, enezimbali ezinkulu.
Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ama-sitrobheli ahlekisayo ngephunga le-sitrobheli: ezincane-leaved, ibanga "Ukufika komoya. Labo abadala izingadi ezinuka iphunga banaka ngokukhethekile izimbungulu ezinephunga elinamandla, njengeLemoan mock-up. Futhi kulabo abangahambelani nephunga lezimbali, kunconywa ukusebenzisa iphunga lokuhlekisa noma elibuthakathaka kakhulu: izinhlobo ezi-mock-up ezinkulu, i-Academic Komarov ne-Arctic izinhlobo.
Ungawuthena kanjani i-jasmine yengadi
Izihlahla kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokulawula amandla okukhula we-mock up. Imigomo ejwayelekile yokusungula isikhathi sokuthenwa kwawo iyafana nakwezinye izinhlobo ze-shrub.
Ngenxa yokukhula okukhulu, izihlahla zisheshe zikhule, futhi emva kweminyaka eminingana kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukuncipha konyaka.
Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali mockworm kubekwe ekukhuleni konyaka odlule, ngakho-ke ukususwa kwama-inflorescence aqediwe kanye nokusikwa kwamagatsha awonakele futhi amadala kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, izihlahla zamahlumela aqandisiwe neziqongo zokuguga ngokushesha kuyenziwa.
Lokhu okuthiwa ukuthenwa kwenhlanzeko kungenziwa ngaso sonke isikhathi sokukhula. Kunconywa amahlumela amadala ukusikwa njalo eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwemi-3.
ICrohn ivuselelwe ngale ndlela ikhuthaza ukuqhakaza izimbali njalo eminyakeni elandelayo.
Ukwenza izihlahla kwenziwa kuphela ezitshalweni ezincane okokuqala eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwemi-3 ngemuva kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.
Futhi indlela yokunquma ingadi yejasmine yokuncipha ehlathini? Kulokhu, susa wonke amahlumela asisekelo angenamandla asisekelo somhlabathi, ushiye kuphela amahlumela aqinile futhi aqine kakhulu angama-2-4, azokwakha kabusha isihlahla.
NgoMashi, amahlahla aminyene anqunywa, kusale ingxenye yamagatsha aqinile aqhakaza ngonyaka owodwa.
