Lapho iMandeville enhle ibizwa ngokuthi yindlovukazi yemivini engaphakathi, akukho mbuzo wokuthi ihaba kangakanani. Lesi sitshalo, esivame ukusatshalaliswa nanamuhla ngezinye izikhathi ngaphansi kwegama elidala lokuzibandakanya. Ukuqhakaza ngokulingana okukhanyayo, yize kunobukhulu obuthe xaxa, ubuhle bamahlamvu nokushintshashintsha kwezimpondo kuvumela iMandeville ukunqoba ukuphakama okusha. Awukwazi ukuhlala unganaki ubuhle. Izimbali ezinkulu nezikhanyayo, naphezu kwefomu yazo elula, zisibekela kalula omakhelwane abakude, kanye nomusa ongajwayelekile onqobayo ngisho nasezimeni ezinesizotha kakhulu. Isimo sesitshalo esiyingqayizivele siqinisa kuphela ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi: ukukhula okuyingcosana kwe-mandeville akulula, kepha awukwazi ukuthola okulingana nakho.
Mandeville Sanderi
Indlovukazi ebabazekayo yamaPylons
IMandeville - enye yemivini enhle kakhulu yangaphakathi. Izitshalo, ngokuhlukaniswa kwazo ekuqaleni ezazinokudideka okuningi, kusaziwa abatshali bezimbali ngaphansi kwamagama amabili - dipladeniya (diplandenia) kanye ne-mandeville (mandevilla) Lokhu kuhlakazeka kuchazwe kalula nje: ngisho nangesikhathi sokutholakala kwazo, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zanikwa igama lokufundisa ngezokufunda, futhi ezinye ubuhle baseNingizimu Melika zanikwa igama elithi Mandeville. Ngemuva kwengxoxo ende, eyishumi, ososayensi bafika esiphethweni sokuthi izitshalo kufanele zihlanganiswe zibe uhlobo olulodwa. Kepha isinqumo esingaqondakali asikaze sibe isikhathi eside kangangokuba namuhla womabili la magama asetshenziswa cishe ngokulingana. Noma, ngokubona kwesayensi, yiMandeville "esemthethweni".
Mandeville (I-Mandevilla), noma iDiplladies - uhlobo lwezimbali ezikhuphukayo zomndeni wakwaKutrovy (I-Apocynaceae) Uhla lohlobo luhlanganisa iCentral neNingizimu Melika.
AmaMandeville akhula ngokushesha amasiko avame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-clematis yangaphakathi. Futhi zifana impela nezinkanyezi zasengadini ngohlobo lwamahlumela nobuhle bazo bangaphandle. Ubuhle, ukugqama ngobuhle be-Mandeville kuthuthukiswa yimininingwane elula kepha ye-regal.
Izihlahla nezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza ezinamagatsha akhuphukayo zihlaba umxhwele ngokuguquguquka nobukhali. Ekuphakameni, ama-mandeville afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1 kuye kwangama-3, kuyilapho izinhlaka ezithile zesitshalo zihlala zincike kwindlela ye-garter nohlobo lokusekelwa. Onke ama-mandeville akhula ngokushesha, amahlumela awo, aqala kusuka ku-1 m ubude, abushelelezi futhi mncane impela. Amahlamvu e-mandeville acwebezelwe, aluhlaza okotshani, afinyelela ku-9 cm ubude, ayindilinga kahle, afakwe i-ovoid ngesimo ngepex ekhombekile. Ukuqhakaza kukaLiana kuningi. Imise okomsebenzi, enobuhlakani obuncane "obunjengogwebu lwentambo enezinhlamvu ezinemilenze emihlanu, izimbali zifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-10 cm cm futhi azivezi ngobuhle bazo nokuba namandla, kepha nephunga lawo elimnandi. Iphalethi yemibala yaseMandeville ifaka i-spectra emhlophe, epinki nebomvu, isuka ku-pastel nokukhanya iya kukhanya ngokwanele, kepha amathoni amsulwa njalo. Ingaphandle le-tube esisekelweni sembali liphenduka laba mhlophe.
I-Mandeville okuxegayo (Mandevilla laxa).
Enye yezitshalo ezithandwayo zasendlini ezithandwa kakhulu - mandeville okuxegayo (mandevilla laxa),, owaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngaphansi kwegama lebhalsamu yaseBrazil noma iJasmine yaseChile. Ngempela kungumqansa okhuphukayo wemvelaphi yaseNingizimu Melika. Izinhlobo zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, amahlumela athambile futhi aguquguqukayo, amaqabunga athambile, aluhlaza okotshani, anombala ogcwele ngombala, onomgogodla emuva noma opende onsomi. Kepha umhlobiso oyinhloko walesi sitshalo izimbali ezimise okomhloshana obumba kusuka ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuya ku-Agasti zinendawo encane ephuzi emphinjeni, umngcele ogcwele wamacembe nobubanzi obungafika ku-10 cm .Lokhu i-mandeville inephunga, inhle kakhulu futhi yinhle, ukubukeka kwayo kubonakala kungokwesithunzi futhi kukuhle.
Yaziwa kangcono ngokuthi diplomacy (dipladenia), kepha idluliselwe ososayensi kuhlobo lweMandeville, oluqhakaza ngokuqhakaza Mandeville Sander (mandevilla sanderi) linqoba ngomusa. Lokhu kungumvini ovunguzayo onamahlamvu agobekayo kakhulu, athambile, angavamile ukuhlelwa ngendlela ecwebezelayo, amaqabunga aminyene aze afike ku-5 cm ubude futhi aqhakaze, okhanyayo elangeni, amacembe ezinkanyezi ezinkulu zezimbali. Izimbali ezinhle ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence-brushes ama-3-5 ama-pcs, esakhiweni esisetshenzisiwe adwetshwe ngopinki oshisayo, one-pharynx ophuzi. Ngobubanzi, afinyelela ku-7 cm. Lesi sitshalo sinenqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo, zazo ezimbili kuphela eziye zaba yi-classic - "i-Rubinian" enezimbali eziqhakazile ezipinki futhi "Emnyama" enobomvu. Kodwa noma ngabe ungumbala ongakanani, iMandeville Sander ibonakala kalula yi-pharynx ephuzi enkulu. Lokhu ubuhle kuqhakaza kusuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba.
IMandeville brilliant (iMandevilla iyagqama).
IMandeville igqamile (mandevilla uyakhazimula) alitholanga igama lazo hhayi nje kuphela ngamaqabunga amakhulu, afinyelela ku-20 cm ama-elliptic aqukethe i-apex ekhonjisiwe kanye nesisekelo esimise okwenhliziyo, imithambo engavezwa kaningi kanye nendawo ebonakalayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, leli liana likhiqiza izimbali ngobuningi obumangalisayo. Baqoqwe emabhulashini wezimbali ezingama-5-6, bafihla isitshalo ngaphansi kwabo. Ngobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-10, izimbali ezakhiwe njengama-funnel zihlukaniswa umbala omhlophe wangaphandle, okhazimulayo, othululiwe ngezwi kanye nokushintsha kwamanzi kwe-petals.
Okujwayelekile mandeville bolivian (mandevilla boliviensis) Kuyafana ngohlobo lwamahlumela namaqabunga ukuya eMandeville Sander, kepha izimbali zesitshalo zidwetshwe ngombala omhlophe kuphela. Ngobubanzi, afinyelela kuphela ama-5 cm, agqamile ngamehlo aphuzi. Kushiya amaqabunga angaba ngu-6-7 cm ubude, acwebile futhi “abukhali” kunezinye izinhlobo.
IMandeville Bolivian (Mandevilla boliviensis).
Mandeville omuhle kakhulu (mandevilla eximia) - i-liana elihlala linamahlumela obomvu, okusaqanda ngokubanzi, elinamaqabunga amahle acwebezelayo afike ku-4 cm ubude. Isitshalo siveza izimbali eziqhakazile eziqoqwe ngebhulashi kuze kube yizicucu eziyi-8 ngethhubhu elikhanyayo, zifinyelela kubude obuyi-5-6 cm ubude nobubanzi.
Ukukhanyisela i-mandeville ekhaya
Lawa makhwela angaphakathi athanda izindawo ezigqamile. Ngaphandle kobuhle bamahlamvu, awesabi imisebe eqondile futhi azizwa emuhle ngokukhanya okukhanya nelanga (ngaphandle kweMandeville Sander, esaba imisebe yelanga eqondile). Kuliqiniso, kukhona okuhlukile: lapho ibekwe kumafasitela aseningizimu ehlobo, imisebe yelanga yangemva kwelanga ingahle ingathandeki nakulokho okuthandayo ilanga. Ngisho nesithunzi esincane esingajwayelekile sizosho ukuthi iMandeville ngeke iqhume noma iveze izimbali ezimbalwa nje.
Ukushisa okunethezekayo
Kuyo yonke inkathi esebenzayo yezimila, ama-mandeville athanda ukufudumala kanye nokushisa. Izinkomba ezingaba ngama-25 degrees zithathwa njengezinga lokushisa elifanele lokuqukethwe kwalesi simvini, kepha ngokuvamile isitshalo sizizwa kahle ekushiseni komoya okungama-degree angama-21 noma ngaphezulu.
Ukubusa kobusika base-mandeville kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngempela, ngaphandle kwezinga lokushisa elipholile esiteji esishisayo, lesi sitshalo ngeke siqhume kakhulu ngesizini ezayo. Kepha hhayi bonke abantu abathandana nabathandekayo abathandana nabathandekayo abathandana nabathandekayo. Ukukhululeka kweMandeville kudinga ubusika ebangeni lokushisa eliphansi kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10 degrees Celsius. Kepha iMandeville Sander yanelisekile ngokwehla okuyisizotha kuya kumadigri ayi-15-18 (njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo).
Mandeville Bolivian.
AmaMandevillas akhetha ukuchitha isikhathi sasehlobo ngaphandle. Ethafeni, kuvulandi, engadini, kuzoqhakaza ngokwengeziwe nangokubukeka okuhle. Kepha kulesi sitshalo, kuzodingeka ukhethe izindawo ezivikelwe kakhulu ezingafaki okusalungiswa okuncane kakhulu futhi kuvikeleke isitshalo ekuthembekeni.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Esikhathini sokukhula okusebenzayo nokuqhakaza, iMandeville idinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Ukwenza ngokweqile, ukugwadiswa kwamanzi kugwenywa kangcono, kepha isakhi esingaphansi kufanele some kuphela kusendlalelo engenhla. Ngaphambi kwesigaba sasebusika esipholile, lesi sitshalo kufanele sidluliselwe kancane kancane ekuniseleni okuncane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, kubalulekile ukwenza kancane kancane izinqubo ukuba zivelakancane futhi ziyindlala, ukuze lesi sitshalo sikulungele ukuthi ubusika bome ukoma ngokuphelele kobumba.
Ukunisela ubusika baseMandeville kufana nohlelo lokunakekela izitshalo zasengadini ezihlala ngaphakathi ebusika ezakhiweni: indawo engaphansi kufanele ihlale icishe yomile kusukela ekuqaleni kweqabunga kuya ekuqaleni kokukhula okusebenzayo. Ukuncishiswa kwenziwa ngemuva kokwehla kancane kancane. Kuyadingeka ukushintshela ngokuphelele ekuniseleni ngemuva kokuthi isilinganisi sesomile ngokuphelele, ngokushesha nje lapho isitshalo sesiqala ukusula kancane amahlamvu anethezekile.
Okwenzelwe i-mandeville, udinga ukusebenzisa amanzi athambileko, ahleliweko futhi ubeke iqondo lokushisa kwawo: i-liana ihlangana kabi nokunisela ngamanzi abandayo nawodwa afudumele. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele lilingane lokushisa komoya elizungeze isitshalo. Inqubo ngayinye ye-5-6 ingcono ukusebenzisa amanzi e-acidified (izigaxa ezimbalwa ze-citric acid nge-1 litre lamanzi zanele).
Ngaphandle kokukhetha, i-mandeville ithanda umswakama ophezulu. Lezi zitshalo zivumela ukusetshenziswa kwe-fafaza, kepha ngeke zenqabe ukufaka amadivayisi akhethekile wokuthambisa. Ukufafaza kakhulu kufanele kwenziwe ebusika uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liphambuka kancane kumanani anconyelwayo lapho kuziwa khona ukufudumala.
IMandeville itholakala ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo - i-diplomacy.
Umanyolo we-mandeville ekhaya
Ukukhula ngokushesha, ukukhishwa kwamahlamvu aluhlaza nokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi, ama-mandeville azodinga ukugqoka okuphezulu kakhulu nokuvama kakhulu. Kungcono ukuzifeza njalo emavikini ama-2-3, ngaphandle kokunciphisa umthamo womanyolo. Ilungele abesifazane abahle, izingxube zezimbali zezimbali zasendlini zifanelekile. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kumiswa ngo-Okthoba futhi kungaqhubeki kuze kube maphakathi noFebhuwari.
I-Trimming Mandeville kanye neNkxaso Yezitshalo
Cishe akunakwenzeka ukukhulisa iMandeville hhayi ekuxhaseni esikweni lamagumbi. Lesi sitshalo sidinga i-garter, ukugoba nokuqondisa. Ilungele kahle ukusekelwa kwe-trellis, ukuthanda izinto zokhuni, izisekelo zakudala ezitholakele. Ama-Mandeville amahlumela kulula kakhulu ukuwaqondisa. Amahlumela ahlanganiswe lapho amagatsha ekhula, enwebeka, awubopha ngobumnene ukusekela nge-twine ethambile noma i-sisal (ezinye izinto zemvelo ezingasetshenziswa).
Ukuthenwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa ngaphambi kwesigaba sokuphumula. Ngemuva kokuthi lesi sitshalo siqale ukulahla kancane amahlamvu, ngeshumi leminyaka lokugcina lika-Okthoba noma ishumi lokuqala likaNovemba, ihlumela ngalinye linqunywa ngo-2/3 wamagatsha (ukuthola amahlumela ahlikihliwe, kubalulekile ukubala hhayi emhlabathini, kepha kusuka ekuklameni esiqwini). Ngaphandle kokuthena, lobu buhle ngeke buqhakaze: njengemivini eminingi, i-mandeville ikhiqiza izimbali kuphela amahlumela amasha alo nyaka.
IMandeville ilukhuni (iMandevilla hirsuta).
Transplant kanye substrate
Umvini obukekayo wasendlini uthuthwa kabusha ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokukhula kokuqalisa, lapho nje kuba nezimpawu zokuthi lesi sitshalo sishiya isigaba esishisayo. Ngokwesiko, ukufakelwa kuhla ngoFebhuwari noma ngoMashi. Ukushintshwa kweziqukathi ngisho nakwabadala be-manneville kwenziwa minyaka yonke (kuphela uma izitshalo zinkulu, kunzima ukuzisingatha ngaphandle kokulimala, ukufakelwa okwenziwa njengoba isitshalo sikudinga, kabili noma kathathu ngaphansi). Ukudonsa okunamandla, okungenani amasentimitha amahlanu kubekwe ngaphansi kweziqukathi.
Ngama-mandeville azo zonke izinhlobo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha izingxube zomhlaba ezinempilo ngokuthungwa okungaxhunyiwe. Izakhi ezisele ezilungiselelwe ezenziwe ngokusabela okune-acidic noma ingxube yezingxenye ezimbili ze-turfy, inhlabathi yobumba ngesihlabathi, inhlabathi eshidi, i-humus ethathwe engxenyeni eyi-1 izokwenza. Kulesi sitshalo, kubalulekile ukufaka inzalo ku-substrate, ngoba i-mandeville isengozini kakhulu yezinambuzane zezimpande.
Izifo nezinambuzane
IMandeville isengozini cishe yazo zonke izinambuzane ezithanda ukomisa umoya owomile. Izikhala zesicabucabu, izinambuzane ezikala, ama-aphid, izihlahlana esitshalweni zisakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Kepha uma uhlinzeka kahle kulo mvini futhi ugcina umswakama omningi, ungasivikela lesi sitshalo kuzinambuzane. Lokhu ubuhle kuthinteka kakhulu yizimpande nematodes kanye nama-mealybugs. I-waterlogging, umoya omile ungadala ukubola.
Izinkinga ezivamile ekukhuleni kwe-mandeville ekhaya:
- amacembe agobile emoyeni owomile;
- kuphuzi nokuwa kwamaqabunga endaweni ebandayo noma ekushiseni ngokweqile;
- ukufiphaza amaqabunga, ukuncipha kosayizi wezimbali, ukuqhakaza okusheshayo kwezimo zokukhanya ezingezinhle;
- ukuthela izimbali namaqabunga akhuphukayo kusongela i-mandeville emoyeni owomile;
- Ukukhula kancane kuhlale kuhlotshaniswa nokungondleki okwanele.
Phakathi kwamagama ajwayelekile alesi sitshalo kukhona ibhalsamu yaseBrazil, i-jasmine yaseBrazil, i-jasmine yaseChile, i-Bolivian rose, isihlahla sothando saseMexico.
Ukusakazwa kweMandeville
Umvini omuhle ongaphakathi ukhula kalula, noma ngabe izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Inketho elula ukusika ama-cutic young apical entwasahlobo noma ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Iziqongo zama amahlumela aze afike ku-10 cm ubude zinezimpande ku-peat, ngaphansi kwekholomu futhi emazingeni okushisa angama-25 degrees Celsius. Njengoba ukhula lwenqubo ethatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, udinga ukumanzisa i-substrate njalo uphinde unikeze umoya ifilimu, uyisuse nhlobo esibonelweni sokuqala sezimpande. Kungenzeka ukutshala izingcezu ezitsheni ezihlukene izinyanga ezi-3 kuphela ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu. Umvini ngamunye omncane udinga ukutshala amancane, kuze kufike ku-7 cm ububanzi
IMandeville Sander ayikhuliswanga hhayi nge-apical, kepha ngokusika kweziqu, lapho kusele iqabunga elilodwa lamaqabunga.
Ungasabalalisa ama-mandeville kanye nembewu, kepha ayitholakali kakhulu ekuthengisweni futhi izithombo zidinga ukutshala iminyaka eminingi ngokunakekelwa ngokucophelela nangokucophelela.
