AmaChrysanthemums sekuyisikhathi eside eba uphawu lwekwindla. Izithungu ezinethezeka, eziqhakaza zezihlahla zalezi zitshalo ezingadi ezingafaniyo ezimbizeni zigcwalisa kakhulu izinto zokugcina ngaphambi kwesikhathi sesivande esivuthayo. Kepha ama-chrysanthemums abushelelezi, ama-inflorescence awo aqine kakhulu kangangokuba aguqula sonke isihlahla ukuba ngumcamelo, awukwazi ukuhlobisa iziza kanye namathafa engadi kuphela. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-chrysanthemums nawo angaphakathi. Zihlanganiswe ngokwengeziwe futhi ziqinile, zijabulela ukuqhakaza okufanayo okuqhakaza okuguqula izitshalo zibe izimbali ezinhle kakhulu ezimbizeni. Futhi makuthathe umzamo omkhulu ukugcina izitshalo isikhathi eside kakhulu sezimbali, asikho esinye isiko esingaphakathi endlini esingancintisana nama-chrysanthemums lapho kwenzeka isimangaliso esivelayo. Yebo, futhi nokunakekela ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi kuzodingeka kube okuphelele, kepha hhayi okunzima kangako.
Indryor Chrysanthemum. © Lauren SnowdenIsakhiwo segumbi lokuqhuma se-Autumn bloom
Ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi kumane nje angabamele labo Chrysanthemum abafanayo abavela emndenini wakwa-Asteraceae, ababefuywa abafuyi bezimoto futhi bazivumelanisa nezimo zasekhaya. Umbala nemiphumela yasemkhathini yez chrysanthemums zasendlini kunoma yiliphi igumbi akunakukholwa ngokweqile. Baguqula ngempela isikhala, hhayi ukuheha ukunakwa okuhle kubo, kodwa futhi babeka nesimo sosuku lonke. Lokhu mhlawumbe kuyimibala yemibala enamandla kunazo zonke etholakalayo nabathengi begumbi. Futhi nakanjani - lezi yizindlela zokwakha zasentwasahlobo ezingcono kakhulu kunoma yiliphi igumbi. Ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi, afana nabalingani bawo bengadi, aqhakaza ngokuqondile emibalabala futhi evuthayo kunazo zonke izinkathi zonyaka. Ziletha isimo sekwindla ekwindla futhi linxephezele ukuncipha kancane kancane emahoreni asemini, isimo sendabuko esidabukisayo sonyaka.
Kepha ama-chrysanthemums asendlini athokomele, afana namakhophi amancane obuhle bengadi - izitshalo ziqashile kakhulu. "Imbali yelanga" ngefomethi yasekhaya idinga indlela ngokucophelela ekukhetheni izitshalo lapho uthenga. Into ekhona ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukwelapha i-chrysanthemum yangaphakathi lapho ihlaselwe yizilokazane noma izifo, futhi ukuze ungabi nazinkinga futhi ungalethi i-nursery yangempela endlini, engathela ezinye izitshalo ezingaphakathi ekuqhakazeni kwamehlo, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela amahlamvu futhi amaqabunga, hhayi amavila kakhulu ukubheka ngaphakathi kwesihlahla futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uthenga izitshalo ezinempilo. Kodwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuphelele kanye nokuhlukaniswa okuncane, ungahlobisa ingaphakathi lakho ngemicamelo enemibala.
Ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi ayizinhlobo ezihlangene zama-chrysanthemums amahlathi awo avame ukukhawulelwa ku-25 kuya ku-40 cm ukuphakama. Kunengqondo ukukhuluma ngokuhlukahluka okujwayelekile kwezinhlobo zama-chrysanthemums kuphela mayelana nezitshalo zasengadini. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, ama-chrysanthemums atholakala ekukhetheni isikhathi eside futhi avame ukumelwa izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-nzalo kanye ne-hybrid, ebezifakwa ikakhulukazi hhayi ukukhulisa ukubumbana, kepha futhi nokugcina umbala obuningi ngenkathi kunciphisa usayizi wezimbali. I-Miniature ne-lush, i-chrysanthemums enjalo ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe phakathi kwezinhlobo ezilula nezitry, imibala ehlukahlukene nemininingwane yokuhlobisa. Futhi kuma-chrysanthemums engadini, abangaphakathi bagcina ukuhlukaniswa kube ama-flower amakhulu (ama-inflorescence ukusuka ku-8 cm), ama-chrysanthemums aphakathi nendawo futhi amancane agqamile, ama-inflorescences awo akhawulelwe kubukhulu be-2-3 cm egumbini lesiko. Izimbali ze-Terry zingaba eziyindilinga, zibe lucid, pompom, hemispherical, flat ... Lokho, empeleni, njengezitshalo zasengadini, uhla lwama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi avumela wonke umuntu ukuthola izitshalo ukunambitha kwazo. Ukumelwa kwiphalethi lemibala akwehli nakancane. Isikimu sombala we-chrysanthemums engaphakathi sifaka imibala eminingi ehlukahlukene yemibala emhlophe, ephuzi, epinki, ebomvu, onsomi, futhi muva nje, ngisho nama-chrysanthemums aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Indryor Chrysanthemum. © Elena J. WilliamsIzinhlobo ezidumile zama chrysanthemums angaphakathi
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ezitholakala namuhla zithengiswa yonke indawo futhi esezivele zinganekwane zifaka ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi anjengokuthi:
- ophuzi, onemibala emibalabala engu- "Golden Gloria", esikhumbuza izihlahla eziminyene ezinamachashaza elangeni amancane;
- izinhlobo ezihlukile "iGolide Elidala", intandokazi yabalimi bezimbali abaningi ngombala wethusi;
- ibanga "Gustav Greenwald";
- i-chamomile chrysanthemum enezimbali ezinobubanzi obungu-8 cm kanye nenhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yemibala emhlophe ephuzi nopinki "Frutescens";
- daisy chrysanthemums "Morifolium", "Morifolium Cascade".
Kepha kungcono ukuhlola i-assortment yama-chrysanthemums ngokuya ngezinhlobo ezethulwe endaweni ethile. Ngempela, izinhlobo ezintsha ezinezinhlobo zokuqala zohlobo lwama-inflorescence avela minyaka yonke, futhi izinhlobo ezindala ziyazalaniswa futhi zikhulise ukumelana kwazo.
Namuhla, izitshalo ze-bonsai seziphenduke imfashini ngokungalindelekile phakathi kwama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi. Umbukiso wezitshalo ezinomusa omangalisa ngokumangazayo, onamaqabunga amancane anama-silhouette asesihlahleni amachashazi anemicamelo yezimbali eziqhakazile umane ungakhohlwa. Kepha ama-chrysanthemums anjalo, ngenxa yobunzima bokukhula, abhekwa njengeqabile ngakho-ke abiza kakhulu.
Nakekela ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi ekhaya
Ama-chrysanthemums we-Indoor ajabulisayo okungewona wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukukhokhela. Zidinga okuqukethwe okupholile nokunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Futhi ubusika obubandayo akuyona inkinga enkulu nakancane. Ngakho-ke ukuthola isimangaliso esivele siqhamuke kuphela lapho uqiniseka ukuthi ungabanaka kakhulu. Kepha ebuhleni, akukho sitshalo esisodwa esingaqhathaniswa nama-chrysanthemums, ukuze ukuqhakaza kwawo kubuye kukhombise bonke ubunzima.
Ukukhanyiselwa kwama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi
Uma ufuna ukuphumelela futhi uthokoze ama-chrysanthemums afisa ukuqhuma kungaphakathi kwakho, kuzodingeka unakekele ukukhanya okuhle. Ama-Chrysanthemums efomethi yasekhaya awanakukwazi ukuqondisa ukukhanya kwelanga, kepha adinga isibani esikhanyayo kakhulu. Izindawo ezinokukhanya okungasebenzi kahle zivame ukutholakala kuphela kuma-windows sill. Ngasikhathi sinye, amawindi asempumalanga nasentshonalanga ayehlala ethathwa njengalungele ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi. Imodi yokukhanyisa ubusika ayinandaba, ngoba izitshalo zigawulwa ngaphansi kwempande futhi zingagcinwa ngisho nasekamelweni elimnyama.
Ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi. © Elena J. WilliamsUkushisa okunethezekayo
Ukukhethwa kwezimo zez chrysanthemums zasendlini kuvame ukuba yisizathu sokuthi zishiywe zivuna izitshalo eziqinile. Into yokuthi ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi adinga ukulungiswa okupholile. Lezi zitshalo zembula ubuhle bazo kuphela uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lihlala lisondele ku-18 degrees Celsius futhi ngaphandle kwesizathu lidlula ama-20-23 degrees. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya likhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-25 degrees, ama-inflorescence aqala ukoma ku-chrysanthemum, isikhathi sezimbali siyancipha, bese isitshalo siyafa kancane kancane. Akunakwenzeka ukwenza isinxephezelo ngokuntuleka kokuphola nganoma yiziphi izindlela zokunakekela: inani lama-inflorescence ngqo lenza kungabi lula ukunikeza isitshalo isilinganiso kuphela esingamisa inqubo ye-yellowing - ukufafaza.
Uma ufuna ukutshala izitshalo zasendlini njengezitshalo zonyaka, khona-ke ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali ungazilahla. Kepha njengoba lokhu kungumbala ogcwele ongagudlulelwa engadini uma ufisa futhi ushintshe uhlobo lokutshala kwawo, bese uzama ukukusindisa. Futhi ngemuva kombukiso onemibala enjalo, ukukhipha i-chrysanthemum ebizayo kumane kuwukuhawukela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kwayo yonke imizamo esetshenzisiwe, akunzima kangako ukuhlela ubusika. Ukuze uthole ama-chrysanthemums wasekhaya uzodinga umbuso wokubanda cishe wokubandayo. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lalesi sitshalo lingama-3-5 degrees okushisa.
Ngaphandle kokukhetha, wonke ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi adumisa umoya ohlanzekile, angasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukuhlobisa amakamelo, kepha futhi amabhaluni noma ingadi. Ungabakhiphela ngaphandle emoyeni lapho sekudlulile amafrimu entwasahlobo. Ungazishiya zivulekile kuze kube yilapho iqhwa kuqala. Kepha ama-chrysanthemums amakhulu amakhulu, anamandla ngaphezulu wengadi angenza umsebenzi wokuhlobisa ingadi. Kepha ngaphakathi kufanele bakhokhe intela engaphakathi ezindlini nasezindlini. Ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi asesabi okusalungiswa nokungenisa umoya wokudumisa; angatshalwa kumawindi avulekile avulekile njalo.
Indryor Chrysanthemum. © ronstikUkunisela nomswakama
Ukunisela ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi kufanele kube ngaphezulu kokunaka. Inhlabathi yalezi zitshalo kumele igcinwe isesimweni somswakama esincane, ngokunisela okuhleliwe okujwayelekile, ingakuvumeli ukuthi ome ngokuphelele, kepha futhi kuvikele umswakama owedlulele, othi "uqale" inqubo yokubola nokusabalala kwezifo zokukhunta. Umswakama womhlabathi okhanyayo ungenziwa uzinze uma inqubo ngayinye elandelayo yenziwa ngemuva kokuba amasentimitha ambalwa aphezulu wesigatshana esisezimbizeni sesomile ngokuphelele. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuphindaphindwa, kepha ukuthambisa okuningana kulungele kakhulu i-chrysanthemum (izinqubo ezilinganiselayo zivumela ukugwema ukuguquguquka okubukhali ezimeni). Imvamisa elandelwayo yezinqubo zama-chrysanthemums ehlobo cishe izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhambisa amanzi kusihlwa, hhayi ekuseni.
Ama-Chrysanthemums awazwelani nomswakama womoya futhi awadingi zinyathelo zokwandisa ukusebenza kwawo. Ukuphela kwendawo yizimo lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakeme kakhulu kunalokho okunconywayo. Kulesi simo, ama-chrysanthemums angaqali manje angafafazwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ehlise futhi anciphise izinga lokushisa lomoya. Kepha ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza, lezi zinqubo kuzodingeka zime. Ukufafaza kwenziwa, futhi lapho bafuna nje ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kokuluhlaza, izitshalo eziqabulayo.
Ukugqoka ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi
Ukuze kube nezimbali eziningi chrysanthemum, imvamisa ehambelana nomanyolo iyadingeka. Imvamisa Umanyolo we-chrysanthemums yangaphakathi usetshenziswa imvamisa yesikhathi esiyi-1 ngeviki. Kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wendawo yonke yesitshalo, kunokuba kube nokuhlanganiswa okukhethekile kwezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Zondla ngesikhathi sonke isigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo, kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwezimbali. Elinye icebo elingasetshenziswa: entwasahlobo, esigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo, faka umanyolo we-nitrogen kuphela kuma-chrysanthemums angaphakathi, nomanyolo we-potash-phosphorus ngesikhathi sokuhluma nokuqhakaza. Umthetho obalulekile ozoqinisekisa ukuthi awugcini nje ngokutshala impilo, kepha futhi nokuqhakaza okude kakhulu - faka umanyolo cishe amahora ayi-12 emva kokunisela.
Indryor Chrysanthemum. © floradaniaIsihlahla seChrysanthemum
Enye inqubo ebaluleke kakhulu okungafanele ikhohlwe ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi ukuphulula amahlumela. Akudingekile kuphela ukuthi isitshalo sakha amahlahla aminyene acinene, kepha futhi nokwakheka kwama-efiji angeziwe kanye nokuguqulwa kwama-chrysanthemums abe yizimbali eziqhakazayo. Kuma-chrysanthemums amancane anombala omncane, izingono ezi-2-3 zivame ukwenziwa ukuze kwakhiwe izitshalo eziqinile ezinesihlahla. Ama-chrysanthemums amakhulu agqamile aphatha inani elikhulu kakhulu lamaphinifa, kuyilapho zingasuswa ngesimo sezitshalo ezijwayelekile, zakhiwe zibe yisigaxa esingu-1, bese zisika kaningi amahlumela aphezulu ukwakha umqhele wesihlahla.
Izitshalo zasendlini zizodinga le nqubo, uma amaqabunga ehlathini engavuli, izithungo zezimbali zingenawo amandla anele okuveza ngokuphelele ama-inflorescences. Kulokhu, ingxenye yama-buds kufanele ihlulwe, inikeze ukuvulwa okusheshayo nosayizi ofanele wamanani asele we-inflorescence.
Ngesikhathi sesigaba sokukhula esisebenzayo entwasahlobo, i-chrysanthemum ayikwazi ukubhobozwa, kepha yinqume ukutholakala okunamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ubona ukuthi lesi sitshalo siyanwebeka, siphulukana nobuncane baso, khona-ke izihlahla akufanele zesabe.
Ukugunyazwa okugunyaziwe minyaka yonke kwama-chrysanthemums kuvame ukwenziwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Ngaphambi kokuhlinzeka lesi sitshalo ngayo yonke imibandela edingekayo ebusika, kufanele sinqunywe kuma-stumps amafushane bese sihlelwa kabusha endaweni epholile. Uma ungahleleli ukugcina i-chrysanthemum engaphakathi, kodwa nje ufuna ukulahla isitshalo, khona-ke asikho isidingo sokuthena.
Njengase-chrysanthemums engadini, ama-inflorescence angaphakathi endlini kumele asuswe ukukhulisa isikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Kudluliswa ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi. © Dave HoldenTransplant kanye substrate
Ngemuva kwenkathi ebandayo yobusika ngokubonakala kwezimpawu zokuqala zokukhula, ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi ekhaya kumele atshalwe kabusha. Kokubili ama-chrysanthemums amancane namadala adinga ushintsho lwe-substrate. Vele, kungenzeka ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi ikakhulukazi izihlahla ezivuthiwe, kepha ukufakelwa kwaminyaka yonke kunomthelela omuhle kwezimbali.
Lapho udlulisa i-chrysanthemum, kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izinga lokujula kwesitshalo lihlala lifana, futhi ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi lubekwa phansi. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, noma iyiphi i-chrysanthemum inikezela ukuguquguquka okulula nezimo zokushintshana nendawo epholile yokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha.
Ukukhetha i-substrate yalezi zitshalo, ungamisa cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi ovulekile futhi onempilo ngokwanele ngokuthungwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Kukholelwa ukuthi i-chrysanthemum izomila kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi ngaphandle komunyu. Kuyo, ungasebenzisa inhlabathi ejwayelekile yengadi ngezithasiselo zesihlabathi, ukuxubeka komhlaba okulungele ukuxubeka komhlaba wonke, nezakhi ezikhethekile zezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ungalungisa futhi nengxube yezingxenye ezilinganayo zomhlaba we-turf, i-peat ne-humus.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ama-Chrysanthemums awabizwa neze ngokuthi yizitshalo ezingalungisi zasendlini. Amane adonswa umdlandla yizinambuzane, futhi uma unika inkululeko yokugcina, lapho-ke kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukubhekana nale nkinga. Izifo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu zitholakala kumabhishi ama-chrysanthemums kaningi.
Kulezi zinambuzane, ama-chrysanthemums asongelwa kakhulu ngama-aphid, ama-thrips, izimpukane zenhlabathi, izibungu zesicabucabu. Futhi ukulwa nezinambuzane kulesi sitshalo udinga ngokushesha ngama-insecticides. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwahlukanisa i-chrysanthemum ngesikhathi esifanele, ngoba isongela ngokoqobo zonke izitshalo ezisendlini.
Kusatshalaliswa kuma-chrysanthemums angaphakathi kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubola, ne-powdery isikhutha, nokugqwala. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, izinkinga zivela kuphela ezitshalweni ezithelelekile ekuqaleni ngokuthenga okungakhathalekile noma ngokugcwala kwamanzi okumile kwe-substrate. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukulwa nezifo ngama-fungicides wesenzo esiqonde ngqo.
Indryor Chrysanthemum. © ilandscapeUkusakazeka kwama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi
I-chrysanthemum yasendlini igcina izinhlobo ezifanayo zezindlela zokuzala kanye nabalingani bayo bengadi. Izitshalo zingahlukaniswa nje, noma ungathola izihlahla ezintsha ezisikiwe noma kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
Ngokusikwa kwama-chrysanthemums, kungasetjenziswa amahlumela amancane kuphela. Futhi okungenani, ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha, kuzodingeka ukuthi ulondoloze izitshalo zomama ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ubusika obugcwele bese ulinda kuze kube sentwasahlobo yokuvela kokudubula okusha okuluhlaza. Ngemuva kokusika i-chrysanthemum futhi ukuyibeka endaweni epholile kuzo zonke izinyanga zobusika, ngoMashi kuzoqala ukukhula ngentshiseko. Lapho nje amahlumela ekhula aze afike ku-12-15 cm, ungasika ukusika okungamasentimitha ayishumi futhi uwafake ngokushesha engxenyeni ye-humus ne-peat, afafazwe phezulu ngensimbi enesihlabathi. Ama-Chrysanthemum asikwe atshalwe angajulile, kude nge-1 cm.Izitshalo zifafazwa ngamanzi, kepha aziniselwa, ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ingilazi ziqhuma zikhule endaweni epholile ngamazinga okushisa angaba ngu-20 degrees Celsius. Lapho nje izimpande zokuqala zisikiwe, zitshalwa emabhodweni amancane ngasikhathi sinye, bese kuphela lapho izitshalo ezikhulile zidluliselwa emabhodweni amakhulu ukuze zithole izihlahla ezikhululekile, zihlala zizibeka eziningana esitsheni esisodwa. Ukuze uthole ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi futhi aqhakaza kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuwondla masonto onke emva kokufakelwa ebhodweni elisha elinomanyolo oluyinkimbinkimbi futhi uqinisekise umswakama ofanele womhlabathi. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi lapho kuxhunyelelwa, izitshalo ezivelayo kwesinye isikhathi ziyehluka kunezo zokuqala, ngoba ama-chrysanthemums aphathwa nge-inhibitors yokukhula kanye nezivuseleli ezikhethekile zivame ukuthengiswa.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwezihlahla kwenziwa ngesikhathi ukufakelwa kwentwasahlobo. Izitshalo, lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zokukhula futhi ngaphambi kokudluliselwa ezitsheni ezintsha, zingasuswa ngokucophelela ebhodweni elidala futhi zihlukaniswe ngesandla noma ngommese obukhali zibe 2, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ezi-3, ukuhlukana okukhulu kakhulu. Ukuze ama-chrysanthemums akwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha, adinga ukuhlinzeka ngamazinga okushisa apholile kanye nomswakama omncane womhlabathi kumswakama ophezulu. Awukwazi ukuhlukanisa izihlahla, kepha hlukanisa kuphela amahlumela amasha esitshalweni sikamama bese uwatshala ezimbizeni ezincane zokukhula.
Hlakaza isihlahla se-chrysanthemum engaphakathi. © Henry MitchellAma-chrysanthemums angaphakathi asatshalaliswa yimbewu kuyaqabukela njengaleyo engadini. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ezitsheni ezingashoni, kumhlabathi ongakakhiwa we-disinfits, onamanzi afudumele kanye nembewu efakwe ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ingilazi ekukhanyeni okuhle futhi okupholile, emazingeni okushisa angaba ngama-15-18 degrees. I-Dive yenziwe ngemuva kokuba izitshalo zikhulule amaqabunga ama-4 wangempela. Imvamisa izithombo zezitshalo ezingama-2-3 ngesitshalo ngasinye zibekwa. Ukuze usheshise izimbali, ungazitshala ngamaqembu amakhulu.
