USandersonia obukhazikhazi, noma uGolden Lily weSigodi

Isikhathi sidlulile kudala lapho izimbali zamalambu zazibhekwa njengempahla ye-physalis kuphela. Ngamabhokisi ezithelo angajwayelekile alesi sitshalo sokuhlobisa nemifino, enye yama-exotic abaluleke kakhulu, i-sandersonia ebabazekayo, ifinyelela kalula kulo mncintiswano. Izimbali zalesi sitshalo esimangalisa ngempela zibukeka njengezibani zodaka, njengokungathi sezizokwehla ezihlahleni bese zanda ngenhla kwengadi. Ukubonakala okungaqondakali kweSandersonia, isikebhe esiyingqayizivele esiyingqophamlando, sigcizelela kuphela amahlamvu akhula ngokungajwayelekile. Kepha isimo se-exotic esivelakancane asilona ngengozi: lobu buhle akulula neze ukukhulisa. Futhi ukuze uphumelele ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima, kuzodingeka usebenze kanzima.

ISandersonia i-orange, noma uGolden Lily weSigodi. © 俊 隆 陳

I-Exotism evela esigabeni sokunethezeka

Awukwazi ukubiza uSandersonia isitshalo esijwayelekile. Ubuhle obuyivelakancane, kepha obu “yingozi”, ukutshala kwabo kungalethela injabulo nosizi oluningi. Yize kunjalo, uSandersonia unezidingo eziningi kakhulu kangangokuba kunzima ukuzanelisa esimweni sezulu esingenakuqhathaniswa. Kepha uma ukhombisa intshiseko nokuphikelela, khona-ke ukuqoqwa kwakho kuzobe kuhlotshiswe ngama-corms obuhle angakaze abonwe, angatholakali alingana.

Kunesitshalo esisodwa kuphela emndenini waseSandersonium - sandersonia orange, noma i-orange (sandersonia aurantiaca) Endle, lobu buhle be-South Africa ubuhle abuveli: bubalwa njengezinhlobo ezingandile futhi ezinde ngokweqile. Kepha esikweni laseSandersonia unendawo ekhethekile kakhulu.

ISandersonia orange kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi i-lily yegolide yesigodi, insimbi yegolide noma isibani saseShayina.

Ukungajwayelekile kweSandersonia kubonakala ngisho nasezimpandeni zawo eziyizimpande. Lesi sitshalo sikhula ngezilimo eziyizigaxa ezimise ngemfoloko, singathwali munye, kodwa sihlume ezimbili. Ngasikhathi sinye, isiqu esinezimbali namaqabunga sikhula kusuka esiqwini ngasinye, kuthi emva kokuphothulwa komjikelezo, kwakhiwa amabhubhu endodakazi amasha kuwo futhi lesi sitshalo sicishe savuselelwa ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwe-tuber entsha yendodakazi, izingane nazo zakhiwa ezansi kwamahlumela, kepha ukuthuthukiswa kwazo kuthinta kabi ukwakheka kwe-tuber yesibili nakho konke okuqhakaza, lapho kuzalaniswa ama-sandersoniums ngezimboni zezimboni, izingane ezinjalo zinenkinga yokuma kokuqhakaza kwezimbali nokudonsa okuphuthumayo. Kepha kubalimi abafuna nje ukujabulela ubuhle beSandersonia, awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngama-nuances anjalo. Kodwa okufanele ungakhohlwa ngakho iqiniso lokuthi kuma-nezilimo eziyizigaxa zaseSandersonia akugcini nje ngokungajwayelekile, kodwa futhi kube-buthaka kakhulu. Izinso, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zendodakazi nezimpande eziyinhloko ziyaqhekeka kalula kangangokuba ngisho nokumba ngokunganaki kungabulala.

Ama-Tubers, "aboshwe" njengamaphaneli amancane ancibilikile, aguqulwa ngokunganakwa phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu, ayelulwe futhi abushelelezi, futhi athole ukwakheka okujwayelekile. Isiqu mude (kufinyelela ku-60 cm), sinamandla, kepha njengoba lesi sitshalo singumvini, silele, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ama-curls, aguquguqukayo kanye nepulasitiki. I-antennae etholakala emaphethelweni amaqabunga ibambelela kalula kwizisekeli, ngaphandle kwayo lesi sitshalo ayikhuli. Kumahlumela, amaqabunga e-lanceolate ayalingana ngokumangazayo ngombala okhanyayo, ogcwele kahle ohlangana ngokuphelele nezinsimbi ze-orange.

I-sandersonia orange (iSandersonia aurantiac). © zinniabuzz

Ukukhula kwe-sandersonia kucace kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sidlula emjikelezweni ogcwele ezinyangeni ezingama-4-5, emva kwalokho singena esigabeni sokuphinda siphelele. Lapho kungekho qhwa ebusika, iSandersonia imane ihlale emhlabathini izinyanga eziyi-7-8 ngaphandle kwesibonakaliso esincane sokukhula. Ezifundeni ezingagcineki nje kuphela ebusika, kodwa futhi nobusika obunzima, lesi sitshalo simbiwe ngaphambi kobusika.

ISandersonia ingesinye sezitshalo eziqhakaza kakhulu ama-corms. Ukubiza ama-sandersony aqhakaza ukumane nje ukuhlobisa kungaba ubugebengu: amafomu angajwayelekile nomusa awenze isitshalo esikhetheke kakhulu, ngokungafani nolunye usiko lwengadi. Uma uSandersonia ekhula ezimweni ezintofontofo, khona-ke ukuqhakaza kwawo ngeke kuthokozise ubuhle kuphela, kepha futhi nokuchichima okungaphezu kokuvamile. Kodwa into esemqoka eSandersonia ayilona nhlobo inani lezimbali futhi hhayi nosayizi wazo. Izinsimbi zokucoceka zaduma hhayi ngobubanzi obungafika ku-2 cm ubude obude, kepha ngesimo sethoshi. Bebebonakala beklwebulwe ngesandla, ubujamo bamacembe benza izimbali zicishe zikhuphuke. Umbala we-orange ogqamile, ongabizwa ngokuthi yini ngaphandle kwegolide elivuthayo, uthuthukisa kuphela ukukhohlisa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sandersonia ekuhlobiseni ingadi:

• njengendlela yokunethezeka, umqhele
• endimeni yokuhlobisa imibhede yezimbali, ingadi yangaphambili, izindawo zokuzijabulisa;
• ukuhlobisa izinto zokwakha ezincane, kufaka phakathi isitatimende sokuphawula ukunakekela;
• ukugcizelela ukwakheka kanye nokwethula ukuthinteka kwasekuqaleni;
• njengesitshalo esibunjiwe;
• njengesitshalo sokucheba.

Amasu ahlukile wokutshala isitshalo esisodwa

Indlela yakudala yokukhulisa ama-sandersonia kumzila ophakathi nendawo ukuhlakulela ama-sandersonia njenge-perennial nge-dig ebusika. Kepha ubuchwepheshe bezolimo abufani neze ne-gladioli noma i-dahlias, amanye ama-bulbous kanye nama-corms: kungcono ukutshala i-sandersony ebhodweni ngaphambi kokuwutshala enhlabathini.

Kulabo abafuna ukwenza lula umsebenzi bese bakhetha ukuncoma i-sandersony ezitsheni nasehlobo, ngaphandle kokutshala isitshalo emhlabathini, isu elihlukile kufanelekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngempumelelo elinganayo, lobu buhle buzoqhakaza ngamabhodwe. Eqinisweni, ngale ndlela, i-sandersonia ikhule njengesiko elingaphakathi lendlu noma lokushisa, elihanjiswa emoyeni omusha kuphela ehlobo. Ebusika, ama-rhizomes awumbiwa, kodwa amane anqunywe izingxenye ezingaphezulu komhlaba bese ethwala iziqeshana azise egumbini elibandayo nelimnyama. Ngokunisela okucashile, iSandersonium idlula esigabeni sokuphumula okuphelele, futhi ngoFebhuwari iyavuka. Ihanjiswa emakamelweni okuhlala, ikhule kuze kube ihlobo, bese iyiswa kumakhamela, amathala noma engadini.

Izimo ze-Optimum ze-sandersonia zingakhiwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina impahla, lapho kulula ukulawula khona zombili izinga lokushisa nokukhanya. Okuhle kakhulu yilezi ezingagcinwa yiqhwa, kodwa zokugcina izithombo ezipholile, lapho ubuhle bungabusika enhlabathini ngaphandle kokumba.

ISandersonia Orange. © Karl Gercens

Izimo Ezidingwa NguSandersonia

Ukuze uphumelele ekukhuleni i-sandersonia, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima, kumgwaqo ophakathi nendawo, indawo yokutshala idinga ukukhethwa ngaphezu kokucophelela. Lesi sitshalo esingajwayelekile singabekwa kuphela endaweni enelanga, kepha akufanele kunakwe okungatheni ukuze kuvikeleke emoyeni nakwezilungiswa. Uma indawo izohlanganisa ukushisa nokukhanya okukhanyayo, khona-ke uSandersonia ngeke aqaphele ezinye iziphikisi zezinkomba zokushisa.

Nhlabathi futhi unaka ngokukhethekile. Kwi-sandersonia, umhlabathi kumele ukhululeke, kube namanzi amahle noma ukutholakala kwamanzi nomoya. Kepha eminye imingcele nayo ibalulekile: ukuzala, ukungathathi hlangothi noma okungenani ukusabela okune-asidi (i-pH evumelekile isuka ku-5.0 iye ku-6.0) nokuthungwa okukhanyayo.

Ukutshala lesi sitshalo akulula kangako ngenxa yokwanda kokuxhomekeka kokushisa nokukhanya. Lobuhle budinga izimo ezizinzile, amahora amade wemini nokuqina okuhlobene. ISandersonia iyazwela futhi ngokweqile ngokushisa. Ezifundeni ezinehlobo elifushane, zingahle zingqhakaze, ikakhulukazi uma isimo sezulu singejwayelekile. Futhi udinga ukulungela ukudumazeka okunjalo: minyaka yonke, ukufika kweSandersonia kufana nelotho. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, "inzuzo" engaphezu kwesinxephezelo yengozi yokwehluleka. Yebo, nezinkinga ezinkulu ngempela lapho kukhula kungavami kakhulu, futhi kunalokho okuhlukile kumthetho ojwayelekile. Uma uSandersonia eqhakaze ngempumelelo iminyaka eminingana, isipiliyoni sakho siba sincane kakhulu: unyaka nonyaka uvumelana kangcono nezimo ezikuwebhusayithi yakho, uba lukhuni bese kuba nzima kakhulu.

Qaphela: ISandersonia isitshalo esinobuthi, futhi kufanele usebenze nezilimo eziyizigaxa lapho uthamba futhi utshala kuphela kumagilavu ​​nangazo zonke izindlela zokuphepha.

I-Sandersony Landing

Ukutshala lesi sitshalo ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima kungumsebenzi othile impela. ISandersony kumele kuqala itshalwe ezimbizeni noma ezitsheni. Futhi udinga ukukwenza lokhu kusenesikhathi esanele, ekupheleni kobusika. Yebo, futhi udinga ukuvuselela "ukuvuka" kwezinso ngokwakho: USandersonia kufanele aphathwe kuqala ngesisombululo se-fungicides, bese ethambisa amanzi afudumele futhi agcinwe ekushiseni kwama-degree Celsius angama-25 kuze kube yilapho amaqhuma aqhuma. Futhi kuphela emva kwalokho ukufeza ukufika ethangini. Ukutshala izimbiza ezinomhlabathi ovundile we-sandersonia kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Izitshalo ziniselwa ngokulinganayo, kepha azondli futhi zigcinwa zifudumele futhi zikhanya. Izitshalo ezikhulayo ngale ndlela kuze kusungulwa isimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo, uzothola amandla aqine futhi anamelane kahle, okwaziyo ukuqhakaza izimbali.

NgoMeyi, lapho usongo lokuqothuka sekwedlule isikhathi seludlulile, amaSandersonias adluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Uma isimo sezulu singazinzi kakhulu, ubusuku bebanda kakhulu, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukufakelwa bese sithathe izitshalo usuku nje ziye engadini ukuze lukhuni. ISandersonia ngeke ime ngisho nesithwathwa esincane kunazo zonke. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa, inhlabathi kumele ithuthukiswe ngokunezela umanyolo we-organic kuyo. Izici zenhlabathi nazo zingathuthukiswa nge-peat, sawdust, bark, uma inhlabathi ingakhululekile. Kwesinye isikhathi, ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi iyafakwa inzalo (kusetshenziswa i-methyl bromide noma i-chloropicrin).

Ama-tubers of sandersonia. © Uluwehi Knecht

ISandersony nayo ingatshalwa ngqo enhlabathini evulekile ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Kepha le ndlela ibhekwa njengengozi kakhulu, ngoba ukuthuthukiswa kuzoqedwa kamuva. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka simbiwe ngokushesha lapho amahlumela efa, ekuqaleni kwesiteji esimanzi, okuxakayo kakhulu.

ISandersonia itshalwe ibanga elingama-30 cm kwizitshalo ezingomakhelwane. Uma une "sitshalo" sezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane ezidinga ukutshalwa ukuze wakhe u-mass, khona-ke zibekwa eduze. Naka ngokukhethekile ukujula kokwehla. Ama-sandersonias ajwayelekile angazange adlule ukwahlukaniswa atshalwa kumakhasi angama-5 cm. Ama-sandersonias ahlukanisiwe abekwa ekujuleni kangangokuba ukusikwa kuhlala kungaphezulu komugqa wenhlabathi.

Izidingo zomswakama nokunisela

USandersonia udinga ukunakekelwa okuhleliwe. Lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka siphuziswe, empeleni siyiphatha kanye noxhaxha lwamapulani engadini yakho. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi udinga ukunisela iSandersony nsuku zonke. Izinqubo kufanele zibe zilinganiselwe, zenziwa kuphela lapho umhlabathi womile, nomoya wezemvelo awanele. Ungavumeli ukomiswa komhlaba isikhathi eside - futhi uzophumelela. Kepha ukubhala amanzi akwamukeleki ngokwezigaba.

Ukuncipha nokubopha iSandersony

ISandersonia ayisona isitshalo esivamile. Lokhu kuyi-liana, iziqu zayo zisonteke kancanyana, izintuthwane zitholakala emaphethelweni amaqabunga ngakho-ke kufanele zisungule uxhaso lapho isiqu sikhuphuka khona.

ISandersonia Orange. © Noriko Ohba

Ama-Sandersony Nutrient Fertilizer

Lesi sitshalo ngeke senqabe kusuka ekugqokeni okuphezulu, kepha hhayi okwasendulo, kodwa kuhlanganiswe. Kwama-sandersonia, kusetshenziswa umanyolo omkhulu ngaphambi kokutshala, izici zezinhlabathi eziphelele nokuhlinzekwa kwezakhi zomzimba zokuqhakaza. Ukuze kwenziwe ngcono basebenzisa i-organics kuphela. Kepha ngemuva kokutshala, umanyolo wenziwa kuphela ezintweni zenhlabathi ezingondlekanga. Uma kunesidingo, inyanga ngayinye lesi sitshalo siniselwa ngamanyolo angenamaminerali ahlanganiswe namanzi okunisela. Ungangeza ukugqoka okunjalo okungeziwe kuphela ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza.

Ukumba nokumba ubusika uSandersoni

ISandersony kumele isuswe emhlabathini ngaphambi kokufika kwamaqhwa wokuqala wasekwindla. Okokuqala usike ngokuphelele zonke izingxenye ze-a emoyeni. Ngokucophelela, ngenqolobane enkulu yenhlabathi, susa nezilimo eziyizigaxa emhlabathini. Zisuse umhlabathi kubo. Cwilisa nezilimo eziyizigaxa zesisombululo ezenzakalweni zesikhunta noma kwi-ejenti ekhethekile elwa negciwane imizuzu engu-10. Ngemuva kwalokho, phatha iziqu zezihlumela ngamalahle achobozekile noma ithuluzi elikhethekile lokwelapha amanxeba nokuvikela ukutheleleka ngefungus, sula ama-tubers izinsuku eziningana endaweni emnyama futhi efudumele emoyeni omusha.

Beka nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezilungele ubusika emabhokisini noma emabhodweni ane-peat noma umhlabathi oxegayo. Beka iziqukathi ezine-sandersony egumbini elinamazinga okushisa amathathu kuya kwayi-5 Celsius bese uzigcina ebusika ebumnyameni obugcwele. Ungagcina iSandersony esiqandisini: endaweni yokucwilisa noma inhlabathi, ikhipha iziqongo emigqonyeni enezimbobo noma izikhwama zamaphepha. Kepha ngale ndlela yokugcina, qiniseka ukuthi umbuso wokushisa uhlangabezana nezidingo zesitshalo. Kuhle ukubeka nezilimo eziyizigaxa eshalofini elifudumele kakhulu, eliphansi kakhulu.

Isikhathi esincanyana sobusika obubandayo singamaviki ayi-12. Ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo, okuqukethwe kumazinga okushisa afanele izinyanga okungenani ezintathu kuyinto ebalulekile.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo

ISandersonia akusona neze isitshalo esiphikelela kakhulu engadini. Lobu buhle, bobabili ezimbizeni nasemhlabathini, busongelwa ngama-slugs, amacimbi, izibungu zesicabucabu, ngisho nokubola nge-fusarium. Isimo esiyinhloko ukuvikela, ukuthambisa izigaxa ngemuva kokumba nangaphambi kokutshala nokuhlolwa ngokuphelele. Kepha into esemqoka ukuvikela umswakama ngokweqile, ukujuluka kwama-tubers, ukunakekelwa okuphelele nokunaka.

ISandersonia Orange. © imayard

Ukuzalela kweSandersony

Ama-sandersoni amahle angandiswa ngendlela eyodwa kuphela - ukwahlukaniswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Kulokhu, abadala, abavuthiwe, nezimpande eziyizigaxa ezinkulu kufanelekile. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uSandersonia unamaphoyinti amabili wokugcwala okugcwele, i-tuber yendodakazi evela ezinso sesibili yincane kunaleyo yokuqala. Ukuze izitshalo zombili ziqhume ngokufana, kunconywa ukuba zihlukaniswe minyaka yonke. Kulokhu, inqubo yokuhlukanisa yenziwa ngaphambi kokutshala, ngemuva kokugcinwa kubanda.

Ngemuva kokuhlukanisa ama-tubers, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucubungula izingcezu ngokushesha. Futhi unake amathuluzi: kumele ahlanzeke, abukhali. Kungcono ukwelapha amanxeba ngamalahle (njengazo zonke izitshalo ezinamafutha amaningi kakhulu). Ngemuva kokuthi ama-nezilimo eziyizigaxa sewomile, afakwe endaweni yesisombululo se-fungicide yokuvimbela.

Ama-sandersoni ahlukanisiwe afakwa ngaphambi kokutshala kanye nalawo ajwayelekile angahlukani. Amanzi afakwe emanzini afudumele futhi agcinwe efudumele kuze kube ukuhluma (kuthatha isonto eli-1 lapho ihlumela lehluma futhi nezilimo eziyizigaxa ziba brittle xaxa). Izitshalo ziphathwa ngesixazululo se-fungicidal futhi zitshalwe kumuntu ka-5-10 cm ojulile ukuze ukusikwa kuhlale kungaphezulu komhlabathi.

Uma ukwazile ukuthola noma ukuqoqa imbewu yaseSandersonia, khona-ke ungathola isizukulwane esisha sezitshalo ngale ndlela. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa kuphela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, iwagcina emva kokuvuna ukoma nobumnyama, kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezibandayo. Empeleni adinga ukuhlukaniswa kwesithwathwa esifanayo kodwa kubanda njengama-tubers. Kwi-sandersonia kuyadingeka ukhethe ama-substrates akhanya kakhulu, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kanye nomswakama okhanyayo. Kepha njengoba imbewu imila ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwa ngokuqinile isikhathi eside kakhulu, izithombo kudingeka zikhule iminyaka emibili njengezitshalo zasendlini, futhi zingantshontshelwa ezitsheni ezihlukile kuphela ngemuva kokufinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayishumi, le ndlela isetshenziswa kakhulu.