Umquba wamahhashi iyithuluzi elinconyelwe ukusetshenziselwa imibhede yezimbali yezimbali nemibhede engadini. Uyini umehluko phakathi komquba owodwa nomunye Umanyolo? Lo mbuzo uvame ukubuzwa izakhamizi zasehlobo ze-novice. Kunomehluko, futhi kubalulekile. Ukungcola okungazinzile kunokuhluka okuningi. Yimaphi angatholakala ku-athikili engezansi.
Kungani umquba wamahhashi uwusizo njengomanyolo
Imfucumfucu yokuzalela amahhashi ingxube yama-nitrogen complements, phosphates, kanye namaminerali afana ne-potassium ne-calcium. Kubandakanya izinto eziningi eziphilayo. Ukwakheka okunjalo okunzima kungakhuphula inani lomsoco lomhlabathi, kusebenze ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Kuhlala kukhona amaphuzu amabili aphikisanayo wokubuka kunoma iyiphi indlela. Izimbotshana zamahhashi azifani. Abaphikisi bagxeka ukugqoka okungaphezulu okunje ngephunga elimnandi elibukhali, isidingo sokuzalela nokuphuza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lwe-humus alutholakala kuwo wonke umuntu. Kulula ukuthenga umanyolo wamaminerali esitolo esiseduze futhi ubondle izitshalo zakho ozithandayo.
Umquba wamahhashi oxutshwe noswidi uyasebenza.
Abasekeli bomquba wamahhashi bakubheka njengento eyisimangaliso, okukhona okungekho esikhundleni sayo. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuwukweqisa, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwemfucuza yokufuya amahhashi kubonakalisile umphumela wabo omuhle kwezolimo:
- Lolu hlobo lomquba alula, okusho ukuthi luza ngokushesha futhi lubole.
- Ukuyisebenzisela ukondla izitshalo zasengadini kanye nengadi kukhulisa umkhiqizo wazo.
- Izitshalo ziyamelana nezimo zemvelo futhi zivikela izinambuzane nezifo.
- Lolu hlobo lomquba aluthinteki ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane athobekile.
- Umkhiqizo womsebenzi obalulekile wamahhashi uyakwazi ukusindisa ukushisa amaviki angama-6-8, ukupholisa kancane.
Ukufaka imibhede ngomquba kukhulisa kakhulu ukuzala kwenhlabathi. Awukho omunye umanyolo ongaqhathaniswa nawo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-humus amahhashi athukulula inhlabathi, ayicebise nge-carbon dioxide. Iphikisana nokuqina kwenhlabathi, ihlinzeka ukujikeleza okuhle kwamanzi nomoya, futhi ingumhlinzeki wezakhi zomsoco.
Kwenzekani ngomquba wamahhashi
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zomquba. Zonke zihlukile ngokwezinga le-Fermentation (ukubola), ezinezici zazo zokusebenzisa, zisetshenziswa ngendlela eyodwa noma kwenye.
Kuvuthiwe
Lolu hlobo lokungcola okwenziwa ngamahhashi luphawulwa ngombala onsundu. Ukhubeka kalula. I-humus ebolile engapheleli ilungele ukondla izitshalo eziqhakazayo nezilimo engadini. Iklabishi lizothandeka kuye, ukhukhamba ne-zucchini bayazi kahle indlela yokugqoka ephezulu kangako. Isizini elandelayo, ngemuva kokuyimba ngenhlabathi, ungatshala amazambane esiqeshini, ezinye izitshalo zezimpande (beet, izaqathe) kanye notamatisi. Ukusuka ezitshalweni ze-berry - sitrobheli. Umquba ojikelezwe ngokwengxenye yamahhashi uvame ukubiyela imibhede yama roses. Kusatshalaliswa ungqimba olufana ngaphambi kokumba. Inketho yesibili ukuyisebenzisa kwifomu elihlanjululwe njengengubo yokugqoka ephezulu ye-semi-liquid.
Umquba wamahhashi owengeziwe
Lolu hlobo lunombala omnyama kakhulu, cishe olumnyama. Kungumsebenzi ongaxubile ngesakhiwo. Ukuchitha imfucumfucu kulula kakhudlwana njengokuchithwa okusha. Le nhlobonhlobo yomquba inothisa inhlabathi ngaphansi kwamatamatisi nezinhlobo zamazambane zokuqala. Faka umquba wamahhashi ojikelezayo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo, izihlahla zensimu.
Imvunda evundile evamile evela emahhashini isetshenziswa njengesiqalo sokutshala izithombo.
Humus
Iphindisela isigaba sokugcina sokugaya ukudla, izinhlobo eziwusizo kakhulu. AmaHumus angasetshenziswa njengomthombo wezinto zokudla okunempilo kuzo zonke izitshalo ezingadini nasemibhedeni engadini. Ukuba khona kwayo emhlabathini kuvuselela ukukhula kwezilimo, kunomthelela omuhle ekunambithekeni kwawo. Isibonelo, u-anyanisi kanye nama-radada akhulwe emhlabeni ovundiswe yi-humus kusuka kumahhashi awusoze waba nomunyu. Muhle endimeni ye-mulch, ugqoka izihlahla zezithelo, amajikijolo.
Umanyolo wento
Ungathola umquba we-semi-liquid ngqo ngqo esitebeleni. Kungumthombo we-nitrogen. Umanyolo wehhashi osetshenziswa kakhulu njengamanyolo wamatamatisi. Kufanele ulethwe kusayithi lapho izitshalo zisaqala ukukhula. Esimweni sayo sokuqala, imfucumfucu ewuketshezi yezitebele ayifanele ukusetshenziswa, kufanele kufakwe kubo amanzi ama-5-6. Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela lapho okufanele kunisele izitshalo khona kusihlwa ngisho nokufafaza amahlamvu.
Umquba wepellets
Ukuchitheka kwe-koneferm ngesimo sayo semvelo akuyona inketho elula kakhulu yokuhamba nokugcina ekhayeni lasehlobo, ikakhulukazi uma insimu incane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ayifanele abathandi bemibhede yezimbali yasemadolobheni. Ngakho-ke, umquba wamahhashi obumbene, ongasetshenziswa ukwengeza izimbali zasendlini, utholakala ngokuthengisa kakhulu.
Enye yezinto ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezethulwe ezitolo iHhashi Orgavit. Ungaphendukela kumanyolo onjalo ukuthuthukisa ingadi noma ingadi yemifino, ilungele izimbali zasendlini. Azikho imbewu zokhula kumquba womquba, ziyafa lapho zomiswa. Izakhi zayo zivela emvelweni. Lokhu kungenye indlela enhle yezakhiwo zamaminerali, imvamisa equkethe ukungcola okunobuthi. Faka isicelo "se-Horse Orgavit" ngokuya ngemiyalo.
Isici somquba omusha wamahhashi
Ukuchitheka imfucumfucu okusha kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu. Kepha bane-caveat eyodwa: bashisa kakhulu, ngenxa yayo abangabhubhisa izitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa umquba wamahhashi omusha ekwindla, lapho ingadi isivele ibunjiwe. Ezinyangeni ezinde zasebusika, kuzovela ukubola okuphelele kwezinto. Entwasahlobo, izitshalo zizothola zonke izinto ezibalulekile ekukhuleni kwazo ngendlela efinyeleleka kalula.
Kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo zokufaka Umanyolo wamahhashi entwasahlobo:
- Ezingadini zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezinjengama-biofuel: kuzoshisa imibhede ngamakhukhamba okuqala kanye ne-zucchini.
- Hlanganisa umquba wamahhashi nokunye okulahlwayo. Inketho ekahle ukwakheka kwayo nge-peat. Enye indlela ekhona ukuxubanisa notshani obunjiwe. Izengezo zomquba zingaba ngotshani, sawdust, amacembe awile.
- Ukuzalela umquba omusha ngamanzi kanye nokuthola umanyolo owuketshezi kuwo.
Ungawusebenzisa kanjani umquba
I-humus evela emapulazini amahhashi ibonwa kahle ngamasiko amaningi njengomthombo wokudla; inothisa noma yimuphi umhlabathi. Nazi ezinye izincomo zokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ngokunembile ekhayeni lasehlobo.
Kusebenzisa umquba wamahhashi ngamazambane
Lesi siko sivumela lolu hlobo lokugqoka oluphezulu. Umanyolo omusha usatshalaliswa emibhedeni lapho kuhlelwa khona ukutshala amazambane ekwindla. Inketho elula kakhulu ukusetshenziswa komquba owenziwe kancane. Ukugxiliswa okufanayo kwe-organic kungasetjenziswa entwasahlobo ngesilinganiso samakhilogremu ayi-5 ngemithares. Ukuthola nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu, umquba omncane obolile kufanele ufakwe ngqo emigodini yamazambane lapho utshalekile, uyixuba nenhlabathi.
Umanyolo wama roses
Izihlahla zalezi zimbali ezinhle zingcono kakhulu ezondliwe umquba wamahhashi. Isikhathi sokuqala ekwindla, lapho izitshalo zidluliselwa ubusika. Lokhu kuzosiza isihlahla ebusika. Ebusika, umquba uzoshintsha ube yi-humus, ama-roses kuyodingeka amunce zonke izakhi ezilusizo. Okwesibili, izimbali zivundiswa ngomquba wamahhashi ngesikhathi sokuvula ama-buds.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umquba wamahhashi ukufaka umquba ama-roses, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi kudingeka ingxube entsha kuphela.
Umanyolo wamajikijolo
Ukuziphilisa ngamahhashi kuyindlela enhle yomanyolo kuzo zonke izilimo ze-berry. Ama-Strawberry nomzala wakhe, ama-sitrobheni, amthanda ngaphezu kwabanye. Kuzo zombili izilimo ze-berry, kusetshenziswa uketshezi ngokuxuba ivolumu eyi-1 yedoti yamahhashi kanye namavolumu amanzi ayi-10 Ingxube enjalo kufanele igcinwe kuqala usuku, bese inisela imibhede.
Enye indlela yokucebisa inhlabathi ukusebenzisa umquba owomile ngqo emibhedeni ngaphambi kokutshala. Imfucumfucu eyomile ixubene notshani obuhle noma amahlamvu awile, kusetshenziswa ingxube efana ne-mulch, kugcwaliswa izindima phakathi kwama-raspberries, amajikijolo, ama-sitrobheli kanye nesitrobheli. Ungqimba kufanele lube phakathi kuka-5 no-10 cm.
Ungakufudumeza kanjani "umbhede wamakhukhamba."
Kusebenzisa umquba wamahhashi kukhukhamba endaweni ebamba ukushisa kuyithuba lokuthola isivuno esiningi nesisezingeni eliphakeme. Ukwenza umbhede ofudumele ku-greenhouse oyidingayo:
- Dala umsele, ukujula kwawo kufanele kube cishe isigamu semitha.
- Gcwalisa uhhafu walokhu kujula ngomquba wamahhashi, ugcwalise okusele ngomhlaba.
- Umbhede ubulala amagciwane nekhambi le-potanganum permanganate. Kufanele kube pink, kuphekwe emanzini afudumele.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, engeza inhlanganisela yomanyolo ngemitha ngayinye yesikwele: i-ash 1 inkomishi nezipuni ze-nitrofoska ezi-2.
Umbhede onjalo udala izimo zokushisa ezifanelekileyo zengxenye engenhla yesitshalo ngenxa yefilimu, futhi umquba uhlinzeka ngomsoco nokushisa kusuka ngezansi. Ukhukhamba zisheshe zikhule ngesivuno esicebile.
Umquba wamahhashi ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo nezakhiwo zawo uyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngesivuno esikhulu engadini nokuqhakaza okuqhakaza engadini. Uthandwa hhayi ngamazambane kuphela, kepha nesipinashi, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi. Amantshontsho akhula ngokushesha ngalomanyolo.
