Ingabe izimbungulu zamasosha ziyingozi nokuthi ungaziqeda kanjani?

Lezi zinambuzane ezikhanyayo zibizwa ngokuthi izimbungulu ngenxa yemibala yazo: kube sengathi wayegqoke umfaniswano wezikhathi zezimpi zakudala nezikhohliwe. La masosha agxabha lapha nalaphaya, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ahlangana ngokuxakile. Esinye isizathu segama "isosha" ku-bug ukuthi bahlanganiswe ndawonye ngohlobo lwenkampani, uhlobo lwenkampani, indawo yokuhlala, ukwahlukanisa, lapho, ngaphezu kokukhula ngokuphelele futhi okulungele ukukhula abantu abadala, kukhona nezingane ezivele zidla nabantu abadala.

Igama langempela, elilungile, futhi lebhayoloji le-bug yesosha nguPyrrhocoris Apterus, "bug red red", noma "imbuzi", "red bug", "bug ground" noma "fireman bug" (yize kwesinye isikhathi bebiza isiphazamisi esihlukile ukuthi ngumlilo, kuthathwa njengelungile kakhulu shayela isicishamlilo ngesihloko seqembu lezilwane ezinamaphiko isigamu).

Le klopik encane enesigodi esifinyelela ku-1,2 cm, enombala obomvu okhanyayo obomvu obomvu onamachashazi amnyama, okuthi ngobuningi noma obunye kutholakale emhlabathini, iziqu ezindala (imvamisa ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu), emagalaji nasezinkanjeni, ngisho nasezindongeni. ekhaya.

Abaningi abasoleki ukuthi lesi sidalwa asilimazi engadini nasensimini, futhi singadala ingozi ebonakalayo. Sizokhuluma namuhla ngokuthi ayingozi kangakanani lawo masosha nokuthi angayinqoba kanjani impi nawo.

Sivela nini isinambuzane futhi sihlala kuphi?

Imvamisa amasosha avela nje lapho ilanga selincibilikisa iqhwa liwele emhlabathini, kepha lapha kulapho kulele khona uqweqwe, kuthi thaw, selivele lizulazule, lihlangana emqubeni wamasosha. Indawo yokuhlala yesosha yi-Eurasia, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke iyizwekazi laseYurophu elithandwayo.

Kuyathakazelisa. Isinambuzane, yize sifana kakhulu nebug futhi sinesakhiwo esiseduze naso, ngeke sisuke njenge-ladybug kusuka emunweni wakho, kodwa kunalokho khasa phansi bese wehla uwele phansi noma uwele odongeni - alikwazi ukundiza nhlobo, abantu banoma yibuphi ubudala baleli thuba incishisiwe.

Izibungu zesiphazamiso sesosha.

Yini ukulimazeka kwesosha-bug?

Yini ingozi yesosha? Kuyavela ukuthi une-proboscis enamandla yokubhoboza enamandla, okuthi uma kungekho ukudla eduzane, imvamisa iba sesimweni esithe xaxa, okungukuthi, isesimweni esijwayelekile sokuzola kuye. Kepha masinyane lapho isinambuzane sizwa ukudla, iphunga libuye liphenduke uhlobo lwenalithi. Kubo, izinambuzane ngobuhlakani futhi ngokushesha zinamathela esithelweni (imvamisa emaqabungeni, zithambile) futhi ziqala ukudla ngenkuthalo ijusi yeselula. Futhi-ke yonke into iba sobala - isosha lethu, ebelicabanga ukuthi cishe lingunogada wezingadi zethu nezithelo zemvelo kusukela zisencane, liyisinambuzane esibulala izimbotshana, sintshontsha ukudla ezitshalweni, futhi singasho ukuthi lokhu akuhlukile kune-banal aphid, "izintuthwane zidla."

Yize kungekho, isosha lisenomehluko kusuka kuma-aphid: i-phenoscis yayo esimweni esisebenzayo iqinile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside kangangokuba ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu ingabhoboza ikhava le-chitin lesinambuzane esifile. Njengokusuka iqabunga, uyolunca lonke ujusi osele kusuka kwisinambuzane esifile kuye kufinyelela kudonsi.

Ngaphezu kwamapheshana, okuyiqiniso, alungele amasosha, awazigwebi amajikijolo (abolile, athambile, othulayo), izithelo (zokuvumelana okufanayo), nemifino, okungafanele.

Ngabe isinambuzane siluma isosha?

Kaningi, ikakhulukazi izingane noma abazali bazo abakhathazekile, bebona ukuthi lezi zinambuzane ezihluphekayo zigxuma kanjani zizungeze amapeni wezingane zabo ekudidekeni, babuza umbuzo - ingabe isosha lingaluma ingane noma umuntu omdala? Cha, ngenhlanhla, izinsiza zomlomo eziwubuthakathaka zesosha elibuthakathaka alikwazi ukuluma ngesikhumba esintekenteke sengane noma somuntu omdala. Kepha umuntu akufanele avumele izingane ezinezinambuzane zamathoyizi ukuthi zidlale: okokuqala, ziyizidalwa eziphilayo, hhayi amathoyizi, okwesibili, zingama-scavenger angempela, futhi lapho lokhu noma lokho bug begijima khona ngaphambili nalokho obekudliwe ngaphambili kungaziwa, kepha ngemuva kokuxhumana ne-bhungane, ingane izodonsa iminwe yayo emlonyeni wayo, futhi okwesithathu, la mabhungane ahambelana ngokuphelele, kufanelekile ukuletha esinye isimangaliso esihle efulethini noma endlini, ngoba kuthatha ihora ukufika futhi uqale ukudla izitshalo zakho. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukuxhumana okusebenzayo kwamabhungane amasosha sekuvele kufakazelwe: ngokushesha nje lapho uletha umbhangqwana "we-tomboys" wakho endlini yakho, ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ishumi nambili noma mhlawumbe ngaphezulu kwalokho kuzovela ekhaya lakho.

Ukukhiqizwa kwezimbungulu-amasosha

Ngale ndlela, cishe ishumi nambili, amasosha awakwazi nje ukubiza "ukusiza" abafowabo, kodwa futhi aqala ukuzala ngenkuthalo endaweni yangakini, efulethini, endlini. Bakwenza ngokushesha okukhulu nokungajwayelekile. Amaseli wembewu yesidalwa esidala esingamaduna angena esiswini sowesifazane okhulile ovuthiwe ngocansi lapho ngokucindezelwa ngokuqinile nangokuphambene ngakunye ngamahlombe wesifutho sawo. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona amasosha amabili angajwayelekile, njengokungathi anamathele othulweni komunye nomunye futhi azama ukwehlukana, kufanele wazi: le yinqubo efanelekile yokwanda.

Ngemuva kokuzalela, insikazi yenza amaqanda aqandwe, kuwo wonke amaqanda angaba mahlanu, inxenye yawo, noma ngisho nangaphezulu, ayozala. I-ovipositor kulula ukuyibona ngisho ne-novice; imhlophe ngebala, ifana nelayisi elincane. Izimbungulu zombhede ziyizinambuzane ezihlakaniphile, zizama ukufeza i-oviposition hhayi nje noma kukuphi, kepha ezindaweni eziseduzane nokudla, ukuze izibungu zingachithi amandla azo zifuna ukudla, kepha zisheshe ziphuthume ekudleni. Kepha uma ingekho indawo efanelekile, lapho-ke i-ovipositor ingabonakala egangeni lesihlahla esidala nesomile, i-hemp ebolile ebolile, noma imuphi udonga lwendlu noma uthango olwenziwe ngezinto ezahlukene.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba yishumi, izibungu zamasosha ziphuma emaqanda abekwe owesifazane. Ngokwemvelo, mncane, ngomhlobiso ogqamile, kanye nesembozo esibonisa ukwedlula izibuko; imvamisa zibomvu ngamachashazi amancane amnyama abonakala kangcono ngaphansi kwengilazi ekhulayo. Kule ncazelo, empeleni, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale uhlobo lwezinhlobo zezidalwa ezibomvu ze-bug.

Izimbungulu emaqabungeni esitshalo.

Zidlani izibungu zomphathi-bug?

Imvamisa, izibungu zigijimela ezitshalweni ezincane, amahlumela awo asanda kuvela amahlumela, anomusa futhi ugcwele ujusi omnandi. I-proboscis inamathela ezicutshini, ihlanekezela umuthi wokukhula, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuholele ekuwomeni kwawo ngokuphelele. Kungani badla ujusi wez amahlumela amancane? Ngoba i-proboscis yabo isanamandla futhi ilungele ukubhoboza ingxenye engatheni kuphela yesitshalo. Ukuqanjwa kokufika kwabantu abasha kanye nabadala kungabonakala kakhulu ngamanani amakhulu ezihlahleni ze-birch ephelelwa isithelo, baphuza ngentshiseko le ketshezi olunamathelayo, kepha olunambithekile nolunempilo oluwasiza ukuthi akhule futhi avuthwe.

Ngabe zilimaza kanjani izinambuzane nezibungu zazo?

Esikhathini esithile esidlule, isosha lesiphazamiso lalingathathwa njengesinambuzane esiyingozi nhlobo: lazikhica kuye futhi lakhamba ngaphandle kokuphazamisa noma ngubani. Kepha isayensi, ifunda inani elikhulayo lezitshalo, izinambuzane nezilwane, yafika kuye futhi yakhipha isinqumo - sinecala!

Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amasosha, njengama-aphid, adla ujusi, angama-scavenger, ulaka lwawo oluhlose ezinambuzaneni ezinenzuzo, ngokwesibonelo, izintambo zamalaphu, zisanda kuqashelwa.

Ngamasosha kuvela ekugcineni konke, njengama-aphid, amaqabunga agobile, amahlumela awumisa ukukhula kwawo. I-Photosynthesis iyancishiswa, ukusetshenziswa kwezakhi zomzimba kuyancishiswa, yingakho ukwehla kwesivuno. Kuba khona njalo lapho izitshalo zihlaselwa izindimbane zamabhungane zimane zife. Futhi izithelo ezinamajikijolo, ezinamachaphaza ezinambuzane ezifanayo, bheka, okungenani, azikhanga neze.

Ukutshala kwamagilebhisi kuyiqembu elikhethekile lezingozi, futhi lezi zinambuzane zibonakala lapho, ngendlela, kaningi. Amandla namandla e-proboscis yamasosha kwanele ukubhoboza iziqu zomvini ngokwazo, uziguqulele entweni ebunjiwe futhi engasebenzi ngokuphelele. Udinga ukubhekana nezimbungulu-amasosha ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi manje sizokutshela ukuthi kanjani.

Izindlela zokubhekana nesosha lesiphazamiso

Ngakho-ke, uqala ukulwa ne-bug yesosha, okokuqala qiniseka ukuthi yiyo elimaza izitshalo zakho. Ukuthola umuntu omdala kuzoba lula impela, kepha ukuthola izibungu kunzima kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, uma izitshalo zakho zonakaliswa yisipuni sesosha noma izibungu zaso, kusho ukuthi ukuqaphela kwezimbali nezimbali ezivela ezitshalweni ngokushesha nje kokuphela kwezimbali kuzophawulwa. Ngani? Izitshalo zimane zingenawo umsoco wokuthi amabhungane kanye nezibungu zincela kuzo ngejusi.

Naka iklabishi, kumashidi alo kuvame ukuvela okubonakala kahle okuphuzi, lokhu kuyizimpawu zokukhishwa ngamakhompiyutha, okuye kwandise ngosayizi wezikhathi ezingamashumi.

Okulandelayo kulayini kukhona i-coriander ne-dill. Ngakwesokudla impela, abamele umndeni wesambulela, njengabafundi beBotanichka yethu ekhonjwe kahle, bona, lapho bonakaliswa ngamasosha e-bug, masinyane omile ngokungemthetho. Kwesinye isikhathi izitshalo ezimbalwa ezomisiwe zingabonakala ensimini yonke - kungcono ukuzisusa nokuzicekela phansi, ukonga ngeke kusebenze.

Izaqathi, ikakhulukazi amahlumela athambile futhi amancanyana, amabhele (le ndaba efanayo), zihamba kancane ngokweqile ekukhuleni, njengokungathi zilele, ngokusobala zingenawo umsoco odingekayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ku-izaqathe nakuma-beet, amaqabunga amaqabunga angancipha futhi omile abe ngezinga elithile noma kwelinye.

Izimbungulu zidla isidumbu.

Ukuvimbela

Ngakho-ke, uma ungafuni ukuba inani lamasosha engadini yakho ande futhi andise, futhi ekugcineni aqhubeke nokuhlasela, khona-ke qala ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuzivikela noma ungakaze ubone inkathazo eyodwa endaweni yakho. Isibonelo, ungatshala izitshalo zasengadini kanye namagilebhisi ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka ku-alfalfa kanye nabanye abamele umndeni we-legume, okuthi izimbungulu zimdumise futhi okuyisiphephelo sazo ezinyangeni ezinzima zobusika.

Uma uphoqelelwa ukuba ubekezelele ukuhlala eduze komakhelwane othanda i-alfalfa futhi ukhetha utshani obunamaMoorish kwisilima phakathi kwensimu yaseRussia, khona-ke okungenani usike ukhula lube phansi futhi usondele kocingo ngangokunokwenzeka, bese uqoqa oshekile bese ushisa. On the utshani kungaba bobabili ovipositor kanye izibungu bug. Esizeni sakho, ungavumeli lokhu, uma kukhona utshani, khona-ke kufanele bunqunywe ukuphakama okuvunyelwe okuncane.

Ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo ezincane esizeni se, yithi, izithombo ezifanayo, zivikeleke ngangokunokwenzeka ekuhlaselweni yizimbungulu - susa wonke ukhula, ukhulule inhlabathi bese ubhubhisa umhlonyane, i-quinoa kanye ne-shishini esizeni, kulokhu ngeke ziqhube izimbungulu, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, zizoheha!

Izindlela zokulawula

Ngakho-ke, kwavela izimbungulu, nakhu kwesibili, okwesibili kwakhasa ngokuhamba kwe-birch - sekuyisikhathi sokukhala komsindo! Kepha musa ukushesha uphuthume esitolo uthenge izidakamizwa nokuqukethwe kwamakhemikhali, kuze kube manje sesikwazi ukuphatha amakhambi abantu?

Ezilula kunazo zonke yilezo ezi-anyanisi (ezingama-250 g ngebhakede lamanzi, isilinganiselo esilinganayo ngemitha skwele yenhlabathi yezitshalo ezithelelekile), umlotha wezinkuni (200 g ngebhakede lamanzi, lokhu kugqokwa nokugqokwa okuphezulu kwepotash kanye nokujwayelekile kwesilinganisi ngasinye sezitshalo ezinegciwane), lwesinaphi i-powder (i-100 g ngebhakede lamanzi, isilinganiso ngamamitha-skwele ezitshalo ezinegciwane), insipho yokuwasha (ungaba nesiqeshana sonke, ngesilinganiso ngesikwele semitha ngayinye yezitshalo ezinegciwane).

Ukufakwa esizeni se-cimicifuga (ikakhulukazi abafundi beBotanychki yisitshalo esingowomndeni waseLyutikov), noma i-cohosh emnyama (lapha igama liyazikhulumela) kungasiza futhi. Ngesizathu esithile esingaziwa, leli phunga lalezi zitshalo libi kumasosha, futhi bazama ukuhlela isisekelo endaweni yangomakhelwane, beshiya owakho yedwa.

Okulandelayo kuza ubuciko be-artillery obunamandla kakhudlwana, kepha nokho bunezinto eziphilayo. Le yiBaikal, kumele ihlanjululwe ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo esephaketheni, kepha imvila eyisithupha iyakhishelwa ebhakedeni lamanzi, igcwaliswe ngebhodlela lokufafaza futhi ibonwe kumabhungane noma ezindaweni ezinegciwane.

Amakhemikhali Lapha udinga ukuqaphela - i-chemistry engathi sína idinga ukuhambisana nezikhathi zokuphoqelelwa okuphoqelekile, imithamo, izidakamizwa kumele zivunyelwe ukuze zisetshenziswe, njalonjalo njalonjalo. Muva nje, uKarbofos no-Aktara balwa ngempumelelo ne-bug, babangela ukukhubazeka kwezinambuzane futhi bavele bafa.

Iqoqo lezimbungulu-amasosha esiqwini sesihlahla.

Ubusika - labo abasindayo

Ngokubusika, izimbungulu zikhetha indawo efudumele neyomile, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphansi kwebhodi lakho lesisekelo noma ophahleni olumisiwe. Izindawo okufihlwa kuzo izinambuzane, imvamisa kakhulu - lezi yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubumba zezakhiwo ezenziwe ngokhuni noma ingxenye yamagxolo akhishwe kuwo. Ngakho-ke, ungabi yivila futhi uphathe owokuqala wabo ngesinambuzane, bese ukhipha owesibili ngokubeka izinkuni bese ushisa.

Lapho kufika intwasahlobo, lapho amasosha ephela ngemigqa ezofika elangeni, angabhujiswa!

Mhlawumbe omunye kini ubenecala elithandekayo lokulwa izimbungulu, amasosha, asibhalele emazwini.