Ungawuqoqa kahle futhi ugcine kanjani isivuno semifino

Akuve kujabulisa ukubona imiphumela ebonakalayo yomsebenzi wakho ekwindla, ukuyihlola ngokufanelekile ngokwesivuno, futhi ubheke phambili emikhosini ebusika ezayo. Kodwa-ke, ukutshala imifino yinto eyodwa, kodwa ukuyibutha ngesikhathi futhi ukuyifaka ngendlela efanele kungenye into. Isiko ngalinye linezinsuku zalo zokuvuthwa, izidingo zalo zokuvuna, ukulungiselela isitoreji, kanye nezimo zokugcina. Ukuzazi nokuzisebenzisa ngobuchule kusho ukuthola imiphumela.

Vuna imifino. © Dave Gunn

Ubhatata

Enye yezilimo eziyinhloko ezitshalwe ezingadini zethu ngamazambane. Futhi etafuleni akunakushintshwa. Ngakho-ke, ukugcinwa kwamazambane kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nobuchwepheshe, ukuze imifino efunwayo ihlale kuze kube sentwasahlobo.

Ukuvuna nini futhi kanjani

Ukumba amazambane kuyadingeka ngokushesha nje lapho izihloko zawo sezomile. Uma ukuvuna kuhlehliswa, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zizoqala ukwehla.

Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ifosholo ne-pitchfork ukukhipha isivuno emhlabathini, kuyilapho ezindaweni ezinomhlaba okhululekile inketho yesibili isebenza ngokwengeziwe.

Vuna amazambane. © Ishikawa Ken

Abaningi, ngesikhathi sokumba amazambane, bawahlela ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ukuze atshale futhi “adle”. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlunga okulandelayo, okwenzeka ngemuva kokumisa imifino, ngaphambi kokuyifaka ekugcineni, kubalulekile, ngoba kubalulekile ukukhetha hhayi kuphela imbewu yembewu, kodwa namazambane owonakalisiwe, amazambane angenawo umumo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu buphinde buboniswe ekugcineni ikhwalithi: ama-tubers amakhulu afanelekile ukugcinwa kuze kube maphakathi nobusika (khona-ke ukunambitheka kwawo kuwohloka kakhulu), okuphakathi - kuze kube sentwasahlobo, futhi kuncane kakhulu - kungcono ukudla ngokushesha.

Ukulungiswa kwesitoreji

Ukulungiselela ukugcina amazambane kuqala ngenkathi ebizwa ngokuthi yokwelashwa noma isikhathi sokuvuthwa ngemuva kokuvunwa. Ngokufanelekile, kuthatha izinsuku ezi-2 kuye kweziyi-5, kepha kungathatha amasonto ambalwa (kuya ngesimo sezulu). Ngesikhathi sokuvela kwayo, amanxeba e-tuber ayaphola, afake i-peel, aguqule ama-carbohydrate abe ama-starches, abuthele i-Vitamin C.

Ngalesi sikhathi, amazambane "adliwayo" agcinwa endaweni enembobo, eshaywa umoya, embozwe amazolo nemvula, kodwa imbewu ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibekwa izinsuku eziningana elangeni ibe luhlaza, lokhu kukhulisa ukugcinwa kwekhwalithi yayo futhi ikwenza kungafanele izinduku.

Vuna amazambane. © Vuselela

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuhle, isikhathi sokupholisa kufanele senzeke. Kuqukethe ukwehla kancane kancane kokushisa kwamazambane kuya ezinkomba ze +2 - +4 ° C. Kodwa-ke, ekhaya, inqubo enjalo kunzima ukuyenza futhi umuntu angathemba nje ukuthi kuzokwehla okuzenzakalelayo kwamazinga okushisa ahambisana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu sekwindla.

Isitoreji

Isikhathi sokugcina esikhulu samazambane siwela esikhathini sokuhlala kwezomzimba kwezilimo eziyizigaxa futhi sihlala kuze kube cishe ngoMashi. Ngalesi sikhathi, amazambane kufanele abe sebumnyameni, ebandayo (+2 - + 4 ° C), anomswakama womoya ongama-85-90%. Endabeni yamazinga okushisa aphansi, nezilimo eziyizigaxa ziqala ukonakala, ziphakeme - ziqhume.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa elibi, isitashi esiqukethwe izithelo siguqulwa ushukela, esithinta kabi ukunambitheka. Kodwa-ke, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okufushane kwesikhashana esifushane lapho kuqondiswa ekuqotheni amazambane akunawo umphumela obalulekile.

Cishe ukuphela kukaFebhuwari (amamaki okuqala) - ukuqala kukaMashi, amazambane avuka. Amahlumela avela kuzishubhu zawo. Ngeke zishiywe, ngoba zidonsa izakhamzimba kusuka kubhatata, zanda hhayi kuphela isethulo, kepha nokunambitheka kwemifino. Ngakho-ke, ama-nezilimo eziyizigaxa ahlelwa futhi ahlanzwa konke okhule kubo. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo ingabambezeleka ngandlela thile uma izinga lokushisa kwisitoreji lincishiswe laba ngu- + 1.5 - + 2 ° C, ngokwesibonelo, ngokubhalwa ekuseni.

Vuna amazambane. © Nick Saltmarsh

Imvamisa, amazambane abekwa ngobuningi bawo, emakholokeni, ukuphakama kungabi ngaphezu kuka-1.5 m, kepha indlela yokuhlunga ibhokisi ayisebenzi kangako. Amazambane awakwazi ukulondolozwa ezikhwameni zepulasitiki.

Iklabishi emhlophe

Iklabishi emhlophe ayidumile kangako ekudleni kwaseSlavic. Omunye uyayikhetha, othile ukha amanzi, kepha isaladi leklabishi elisha liyindlela emnandi etafuleni lasebusika. Ukuze ulondoloze iklabishi elimhlophe kuze kube sentwasahlobo, kukhona nemithetho.

Iklabishi emhlophe. © dirk huijssoon

Okokuqala, kufanele kube izinhlobo ezivuthiwe futhi ezivuthwe sekwephuzile, okwesibili, amakhanda ezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezikhethiwe akufanele abe nomonakalo, kepha aqhakaze futhi aphelele, futhi okwesithathu, iklabishi lokulondolozwa akufanele liqoqwe phambilini kunaphakathi kokushisa kwasemini okulingana +2 - +8 ° C.

Ukuvuna nini futhi kanjani

Ukuvuna iklabishi elimhlophe kungcono ngosuku olomile nolucacile, usike amakhanda ngommese obukhali. Lapho uqoqa, ungalahla ngokushesha izimo ezingakulungele ukugcinwa, kepha ususe amaqabunga angadingekile kokufanelekile, ushiye amaqabunga amaqabunga amathathu aphezulu ekhanda. Ubude be-poker bungashiywa buhlukile (kusuka ku-1 - 2 kuya ku-8 cm) ngokuya ngendlela yokubeka.

Ukulungiswa kwesitoreji

Uma bekungenakwenzeka ukususa iklabishi ngesikhathi selanga futhi lina imvula egcekeni - kubalulekile ukomisa iklabishi ngaphambi kokulibeka ukuze ligcinwe.

Iklabishi emhlophe. © Marian Dörk

Uma unokukhetha, kuhle ukuhlunga ngosayizi: beka amakhanda amakhulu eduze (agcinwe kancane), amancane - ngesitoreji esikhulu.

Kungcono ukucubungula ukushiswa, ukubola, iklabishi ethambile ngaso leso sikhathi.

Ungayigcina kanjani

Ungagcina iklabishi ezindaweni ezihlukile: emiphongolweni, engaphansi, e-pantry, kuvulandi. Ukushisa kwesitoreji kufanele kusuka ku -1 kuye ku- +1 C C, umswakama ohlobene cishe we-95%. Ngasikhathi sinye, kungcono ukubeka amakhanda ngendlela yokuthi angathintani.

Inketho elula ukufaka amakhanda emabhokisini noma emashalofini, lapho isiphambano sigxishwe. Okudumile okungaphansi kulengiswa yi-poker ezingwegweni noma kumawele, kujule i-poker (ubude bayo kule edlule, futhi kulokhu kufanele okungenani kube ngu-8 cm) esihlabathini esomile, kanye nokugoqa iphepha noma ukugoqwa kwepulasitiki.

Izinhloko zeklabishi. © timlewisnm

Lapho ufaka imfoloko emabhokisini, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi isitsha kumele singene umoya, namakhanda aqondiswe ngaphakathi yiziqu. Ukubekwa emashalofini, kungenzeka ukwakha tiers eziningana, ukubeka amakhanda weklabishi ephethini lokuhlola ibhodi. Lapho usonga iphepha, kubalulekile ukuthi ungasebenzisi amaphephandaba, ngoba upende lwawo luyingozi impela. Lapho usebenzisa isihlabathi, ungangcwaba ngokuphelele ikhanda leklabishi.

UBeetroot

Mhlawumbe okulandelayo okudumile kakhulu ama-beet kanye nezaqathe. Ngaphandle kwalezi imifino, akunakuphekwa noma i-borshch, noma amasaladi angaphekwa.

Ukuvuna ama-beet futhi nini futhi kanjani

Iqiniso lokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuqoqa ama-beet lifakazelwa ukomiswa kwamaqabunga awo aphansi, ukuxhumana kwe-ububanzi kwesitshalo sezimpande kuya kusayizi wokuhlukahluka, ukwakheka kokukhula kwesimilo kuma-auger ngamanye. Ngokuya ngobunyoninco bezinhlobonhlobo, lezi zinhlamvu zingabhekwa ngezikhathi ezihlukile, kepha, ngokuvamile, ukuvuna kwe-beet kwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba (ngokuya ngendawo yesimo sezulu).

UBeetroot. © Dag Endresen

Kungcono ukuqoqa izitshalo ezimpande ngesandla, noma kunjalo, uma inani lomsebenzi likhulu ngokwanele, ungasebenzisa futhi i-pitchfork.

Ukulungiswa kwesitoreji

I-beetroot eyembiwe kufanele ihlanzwe ngokucophelela emhlabathini (kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngezandla emagilayithini endwangu), isuse iziqongo phezulu kusuka ngommese obukhali (endaweni ephakeme ka-2-3 mm ekhanda), bese uzifaka esisele ngemuva kokuzomisa kancane.

Ukuze wandise ukugcinwa kwezilimo zezimpande, kungcono ukuqala ukuvuna esimweni sezulu esomile selanga. Uma lokhu kungenzeki futhi isivuno sivunwa ngesikhathi semvula, kubalulekile ukusomisa ngaphambi kokugcina amabhulethi esigcinweni. Ezimweni lapho iqhwa ekuqaleni kwesikhashana kwenzeka ngokuzumayo bese ama-beet engavunwanga, angasuswa futhi emva kwesithwathwa, noma kunjalo, izitshalo ezinjalo zezimpande zizokuba mnandi futhi zinamanzi futhi ngeke zigcinwe isikhathi eside.

UBeetroot. © Magalie L'Abbé

Isitoreji

Ungawagcina kanjani ama-beet? Kunezindlela eziningana. Owokuqala - uthele izimbotshana ezinesihlabathi esimanzi, owesibili - ubeke emashalofini ungqimba olulodwa. Izinga lokushisa elilungile liyi + 2 - +3 ° C, kanti izinga lomswakama lingama-85%.

Indawo yokugcina ama-beets ingaba yisitezi esingaphansi komhlaba, isela, i-loggia evaliwe noma i-balcony. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuze kukhululeke isikhala esengeziwe sokugcina, sibekwa ngaphezulu kwamazambane. Kulokhu, kusebenza futhi njengokungenisa - kudonsa umswakama ngokweqile.

UBeetroot. © uJeremy Brown

Lapho ugcina ama-beet, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izilimo zezimpande ziyafika kububanzi obuyi-10 cm, kanye nalezo ezinesimo esiyindilinga noma sendabuko futhi, futhi, izinhlobo ezivuthwa sekwephuzile, ziyehla kakhulu.

Izaqathi

Ukuvuna nini futhi kanjani

Njengama-beet, izaqathi zesitoreji sasebusika zivunwa ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi, ngaphambi nje kwesithwathwa, nezinye izinhlobo, isibonelo, iChantane, nangemva kwamaqhwaqhwa amancane okuqala. Uma ukumba ekuqaleni, impilo yamashalofu yemifino yamavithamini izoncishiswa, ngoba isivuno esinjalo besingakavuthwa futhi singalimala ngokushesha.

Kulula ukususa imifino enezimpande emhlabathini ngemfoloko noma ifosholo, kepha kufanele zibiwe ngokucophelela ukuze zingonakalisi.

Izaqathi. © Nick Saltmarsh

Ukulungiswa kwesitoreji

Lapho kugaywa isanqante, kuhlanzwa izigaxa zenhlabathi (kodwa hhayi ngokuthepha, kepha ngamagilavu), iziqongo zisuswa ngesikhafu, ngommese noma ngokumane zibheke, bese zomiswa okuncane.

Isitoreji

Imifino igcinwa emabhokisini noma ngobuningi emahlombe aphansi, kepha indlela engcono kakhulu ukuyibeka esihlabathini esimanzi. Endabeni yokugcina, izilimo zezimpande zibekwa ezitsheni (ezingqeshweni zekhathuni elilodwa) bese zifafazwa ngesihlabathi sangaphambi kokuba nomswakama (ukuze kutholakale umswakama ongaphezulu kwesihlabathi uthathwa ngesandla futhi ugwinywe uma inhlama igcina ukwakheka kwayo, kepha umswakama ungabonakali - yilokhu okudingayo! ), Ubukhulu be-1-2 cm.

Izaqathi. © Pēteris Caune

Kuzincomo zesimanje, ungathola indlela yokugcina izaqathe ezikhwameni zepulasitiki. Kulesi sambatho, izilimo zezimpande zithululelwa kg ezingama-20-30 kg esikhwameni se-polyethylene 100-150 microns obukhulu, oshiywe ungenakuthulwa. Ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwe-condensate, izimbobo zenziwa ngaphansi "kwesitsha" esinjalo.

Ukuze izaqathe zilele kwisitoreji isikhathi eside kunazo zonke, akumele kudlule usuku kusukela ekuvuneni kuye ekubekeni ukuze kugcinwe. Ngemuva kokuthi isivuno sezimpande sibekwe ezikhwameni noma emabhokisini kufanele sipholiswe (kwesokunxele emgwaqweni ubusuku bese kufakwa egumbini elingaphansi ekuseni). Isitoreji senziwa ngokushisa kwe- + 3 ° C (imingcele evumelekile isuka ku-0 iye ku-10 ° C) kanye nomswakama ohlobene no-95%.

Izaqathi. © MissMessie

Ngokungafani nama-beet, okokuqala, izaqathe zidinga ukudla izitshalo ezincane zezimpande, bese ziphakathi bese zinkulu. Uma izaqathe zigezwa ngamanzi ngaphambi kokulondolozwa, ikhwalithi yazo yokugcina incishiswa kakhulu. Ukubekwa okuhlanganisiwe okuthe xaxa kwezitshalo zezimpande esitsheni, izaqathe zibekwa ngokuhlukile: kungaba ngamakhala abo komunye nomunye, bese namakhanda abo.

I-anyanisi negalikhi

Ukuvuna u-anyanisi nini futhi kanjani

Ungaqala ukuvuna u-anyanisi ngokushesha nje lapho amaqabunga awo amaningi esefile, isikali sangaphandle ngasinye sinombala oqondile, futhi ama bulb abukeka akha ngokuphelele. Udinga ukukhipha umnsalo ngomhlabathi ngokucophelela: ngaphandle kokujikijela, ukuze ungalimazi phansi, futhi ungabhebhani.

Ukulungiswa kwesitoreji

Ngemuva kokuhlanza, amakhanda kumele omiswe elangeni, endaweni enomoya omncane, amboze ebusuku kusuka emazweni. Lapho izinhlamvu zithola "ukukhala" okuyisimilo (imvamisa ngeviki), ziba mnene, izintamo zazo ziyavaleka, bese isikali sangaphandle somile - u-anyanisi uyahlanzwa wenhlabathi nezimpande ezisele. Isiqu esingamanga siyanqunywa, kusale intamo ubude obungu-4 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho, okuvelayo okuhlanganisiwe kuyahlukaniswa, kulahlwe amasampula ngentambo ecindezelwe kanye naphansi elithambile (lokhu kuwuphawu lokukhula kokubola), okunomonakalo osobala, futhi kugcinwe.

Isitoreji se-anyanisi

Gcina u-anyanisi emabhokisini amancane, amanetha, amasokisi, ukubeka endaweni epholile neyomile. Kulokhu, izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokulondolozwa kwama bulbs zithathwa njengokushisa kwe +1 - +3 ° C, nomswakama ongu-70-80%.

Ngokuvamile u-anyanisi ugcinwa kuma-braids. Ukuze wenze lokhu, abasiki amahlamvu kuye, kodwa balifaka ku-pigtail, baluka amawele. Naphezu kobunkimbinkimbi, le ndlela ibhekwa njengenye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu, ngoba inquma umoya omncane nokuxhumana okuncane phakathi kwama-bulbs.

Ungawuvuna kanjani ugarliki futhi kanjani

Kungcono ukuqala ukukhetha ugarliki ngokukhetha, njengoba kuvuthwa izinhlamvu ngamanye. Ukubhekisela lapha kungaba ngamaqabunga omisiwe, izimpande ezomile (izimpande ezincane ezimhlophe, ezifile - ezingwevu) nokususwa okulula komhlaba (u-anyanisi ovuthiwe okhishwe ngokukhululeka kusiqu semanga).

Ukulungiswa kwesitoreji

Ngaphezu kwalokho konke kunjengomnsalo! Amakhanda kufanele omiswe, kepha hhayi elangeni, kepha endaweni enomhloni, ahlanzwe ngokucophelela kwenhlabathi enamathela, asike amaqabunga, ashiye u-4 - 5 cm wesiqu esingamanga, asuse izimpande.

Isitoreji sikagalikhi

Kuyadingeka ukugcina ugarliki wasentwasahlobo (futhi kufanelekile kwisitoreji sasebusika) ekushiseni komoya kwe-+16 - + 20 ° С kanye nomswakama ohlobene wama-50 - 80%. Ngasikhathi sinye, kungenziwa kufakwe emabheleni, kuhlanganiswe, kufakwe emaneteni enayiloni, ezikhwameni zezindwangu, kugcwaliswe ngosawoti, "kugcwele" ezitsheni zengilazi noma kumane kufakwa obhasikidi abade.

Ithanga

Ungavuna nini futhi kanjani?

Ukuvuna nokugcina amathanga nawo anezimpawu zawo. Ukuvunwa kwalesi siko kususwa ngasikhathi sinye, izithelo zivunwa kanye nesiqu, zibekwe emigqeni noma emaphondweni. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sokususwa siyahlukahluka kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo futhi kungahluka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke izinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa zivunwa kakade ngo-Agasti, izinyanga ezintathu nesigamu ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile, ukuvuthwa maphakathi - ngoSepthemba, ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile - ngaphambi nje kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Unganquma ukulungela kwethanga nokubukeka. Ukuthi isikhathi sesifikile kufakazelwa ngumbala ogcwele wezithelo, amaqabunga aphuzi noma omisiwe, isiqu esigaxekile, esimile kanye nekhasi eliminyene.

Ukulungiswa kwesitoreji

Uma isimo sezulu singakuvumeli ukuvuna le imifino eyisimangaliso ngokwemithetho, ungaxazulula inkinga ngaphandle kokulinda isihe kusuka emvelweni. Kwanele ukomisa ithanga elicishwe emvuleni egumbini elomile, elinomoya ophakeme, ulibeka ku-sawdust, futhi ukhiphe okungavuthiwe ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa.

Isitoreji

Kuyadingeka ukugcina amathanga ngokugxila kwikhwalithi yezinhlobonhlobo. Izithelo ezingavuthiwe kakhulu zisezinhlotsheni zokuvuthwa sekwephuzile, ezingavuthiwe kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezivuthiwe futhi zidinga ukucutshungulwa kwasekuqaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo yeshalofu incike esikhathini sokuvuna - izithelo eziqoqwe ngezinsuku ezinelanga zizolala isikhathi eside, kepha amathanga athelwe ngemvula - kuncane. Okokuqala, kuzodingeka ukuthi udle amathanga ngomonakalo, futhi udwengulwe ngaphandle komsila.

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi ithanga lizothunyelwa e-attic, lifakwe kwi-loggia noma lifihlwe egumbini elingaphansi, imodi engcono kakhulu yokuyigcina iyindawo yokuphakama kwamazinga okushisa ukusuka ku-3 3 kuya + 10 ° C kanye nomswakama ohlobene kusuka ku-70 kuya ku-75%. Kulokhu, lezo zithelo zigcinwa isikhathi eside ezingalali phansi, kepha ngotshani, sawdust, hay, musa ukuthinta omunye nomunye futhi zibe nesikhundla “sokwenza umsila”.