Kuyaziwa ukuthi uMbusi uPeter ngangazi okuningi ngokupheka futhi wayethanda ukudla kahle futhi okumnandi. Futhi ngaphezu kwezinye izitsha, wayethanda ubuciko. Futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XX, i-artichoke yayisisitsha esijwayelekile etafuleni labantu abacebile baseRussia. Ngeshwa, phakathi kweminyaka yamandla eSoviet, isiko lokulinyelwa kwalo lalikhohliwe futhi manje seliyivelakancane kakhulu ezivandeni zethu. Kepha ngeze: i-artichoke ayisiwona nje umuzwa wokumnandi kakhulu futhi isitshalo esihle sokuhlobisa, kepha futhi ingumbala obomvu ongokwelapha obalulekile.
I-Artichoke inflorescence. © 3268zauberYini i-artichoke?
I-Artichoke isitshalo esidala ukhula esidlekayo somndeni we-aster. Ngaphandle kufana nekhakhasi, kepha kwehluka ngombala omkhulu onsomi noma onsomi. Lezi zitshalo ezimangalisayo zingahlobisa utshani bensimu noma ingadi yamatshe, zihlangana ngokuphumelelayo namatshe echibini. Endaweni eyodwa, i-artichoke ikhula iminyaka engama-5-10. Isitshalo esihle sikaju lwezinyosi: elangeni elilodwa izinyosi zivakashela i-inflorescence-basket ngayinye izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-3,000.
I-Artichoke (UCynara) luhlobo lwezitshalo zomndeni wakwa-Asteraceae. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-140 zalesi sitshalo ziyaziwa, kepha zingama-40 kuphela ezisidlayo, futhi kaningi kunezinye - I-Artichoke Spanish, noma i-inoculum (Cynara Cardunculus).
Izici eziwusizo ze-artichoke
I-artichoke ilusizo kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nasebekhulile. Lo mkhiqizo wokudla obalulekile onama-protein, usawoti wamaminerali we-potassium, i-magnesium ne-sodium, amavithamini C, BT, B2, carotene, ama-carbohydrate, ikakhulukazi i-inulin - obambele isitashi noshukela ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela.
Inyama engezansi ye-artichoke ngokunambitheka kwayo okumnandi kakhulu iyasiza ngoba iqukethe i-cynarin, edingekayo ezigulini ezine-atherossteosis. I-Cinarin nayo inomphumela we-diuretic futhi iyi-antidote yobuthi be-alkaloid. I-decoction of artichoke obhasikidi ngamaqanda amaqanda amasha iyanconywa kwesinye isikhathi ukuqunjelwa nesifo sesibindi.
Ijusi kanye ne-decoction yotshani ngokwejwayelekile i-lipid metabolism, ngakho-ke kunqunyelwe iziguli ezikhuluphele. Itiye le-Artichoke lidakiwe ngezifo zepheshana lesisu. I-artichoke ilusizo kubantu abane-acidity ephezulu, ngoba iqukethe usawoti omningi we-sodium ne-potassium, onezindawo ze-alkaline.
I-Artichoke inflorescence. © Sally LukerKepha impahla ebaluleke kakhulu ye-artichoke ukwelashwa nokuvinjwa kwezifo zesibindi kanye ne-biliary. Yonke i-cynarin efanayo inomphumela we-choleretic obalulwe kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ujusi kanye ne-decoction kusuka emacembe kuthathwa izifo zesibindi, i-dyskinesia ye-biliary kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-renal-hepatic.
Udla ini i-artichoke?
I-artichoke iyi-delicacy enhle. Imvamisa ibizwa ngokuthi yi-aristocrat yezitshalo zemifino. Isithako esingenamikhawulo se-inflorescences-basiketi, kanye nesisekelo esigaxekile sezikali zemigqa engezansi ye-wrapper, siyasetshenziswa ekudleni. Ngaphandle, ama-inflorescence afana nezigaxa. Lama-buds-inflorescence aqoqwa ngisho nangaphambi kokuqhakaza, lapho isikali sisaqala ukuvula.
Isaladi lilungiswa kusuka kuma-artichok aluhlaza futhi aqoshiwe, futhi sidliwa ngendlela ebilisiwe namasoso ahlukahlukene. Bageza, bahlanza futhi bapheka ama-artichok kuphela ezitsheni ezingenazimbotshana. Hlikihla kancane i-shaggy tubular flower bristles kusuka ngaphakathi kwangaphakathi bese wehlisa ngokushesha izigaxa emanzini ngejusi kalamula ukuze zingabi mnyama. Ama-Artichoke aphekwe isikhathi esingadluli imizuzu eyi-10-15. Inani elikhulu lezitsha lilungiswa kusuka ku-artichoke. Iyabiliswa futhi ifundiswe, ithosiwe, ifakwe isobho, ibilisiwe amasobho.
Ukubuka okujwayelekile kwesitshalo se-artichokeUngakhula kanjani i-artichoke?
Kuliqiniso, i-artichoke isitshalo eseningizimu, kepha muva nje abalimi abasamangele bafundile ukuyikhulisa emhlabathini ovulekile kwezinye izifunda. Kwavela ukuthi akanamusa kangako: ubekezelela amaqandeni entwasahlobo kahle ukusuka ekuthatheni okubili - ukukhipha amathathu kuya ku-10 ° C (uma kunesikhashana). Izeluleko zamaqabunga, noma kunjalo, zingase zibande, kepha ezintsha ziphuma ngokushesha ezitolo zezimbali.
Ungakhula kanjani i-artichoke? Ezimweni zesimo sezulu sethu sezulu kufanele sikhule kuphela kusuka kuzithombo. Ekuqaleni kukaMashi, udinga ukufaka imvula imbewu futhi ugcine emanzini okushisa kwendawo okungenani amahora ayi-12 aze aqhume ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwalokho bopha ngendwangu emanzi bese udlulisela endaweni efudumele enamazinga okushisa angama-25-30 degrees. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-6, lapho imbewu iqala ukumila, ifakwa esiqandisini izinsuku eziyi-15-25.
Imbewu ka-Artichoke etshalwe ngo-2 cm ihlwanyelwa endaweni eyi-3 cm okungenani ukusuka kwelinye ibhokisi elisetshenziselwa umxube wobumba oqukethe i-humus, turfy yomhlaba nesihlabathi ngamanani alinganayo. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-3-4, isitshalo sitshalwa emabhodweni. Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, izithombo ze-artichoke zitshalwa emhlabathini kude le-30-40 cm.
I-Artichoke yisithombo. © Thistle-EngadiniUkunakekelwa kwe-Artichoke
I-Artichoke ikhula kahle enhlabathini yezakhi. Inika ukuthandwa kwezindawo ezinelanga, ayikubekezeleli ukugcotshwa kwamanzi: impande ejulile yomsuka ingabola.
Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sondliwa kaninginingi ngesisombululo se-mullein kanye nomanyolo ngezinto zokulandela umkhondo: isipuni esisodwa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Esimweni sezulu esomile, iyaniselwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Ubusika, i-artichoke kumele imbozwe ngokucophelela nge-humus noma ngokumane komhlaba, njengoba amaroses ngokuvamile emboza. Entwasahlobo uyakhululwa ekhoselweni, amahlumela amasha ahlukaniswe futhi atshalwe.
Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe: T. A. Grigorenko
