Ukufika kwentwasahlobo obekulindwe isikhathi eside kubahlali abaningi ehlobo kuhlotshaniswa nokuqala kwesizini entsha yengadi. Ukuqala kwayo kuqala ngokuhlwanyela imbewu nezithombo ezikhulayo kakhulu njalo efasiteleni. Ukusuka ohlangothini lomtshali, kusetshenziswa isikhathi esiningi nomzamo ukuze uthole amahlumela amahle. Enye yezikhombisi zenqubo ephumelelayo yokukhula ukukhanya okungukukhanyisa okufanele kwezithombo ekhaya.
Izithombo ukukhanyisa
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo kuvame ukwenzeka ngoJanuwari nangoFebhuwari. Yilezi izinyanga ezingafani emisebenzini emihle yelanga, futhi amahora okukhanya kwelanga mancane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma amahlumela kufanele akhule efasiteleni lesitezi sokuqala, noma ohlangothini olusenyakatho, khona-ke umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu womlimi wemifino i-amateur ukuhlela ukukhanyiswa kwezithombo ekhaya.
Ukuthola izithombo eziqinile futhi ezinempilo, lesi sitshalo kumele sithole okungenani amahora angama-10-16 okukhanya kwelanga. Izimo zemvelo ngalesi sikhathi azikwazi ukunikeza umbuso olukhanyayo kangako. Futhi izithombo ezime efasiteleni ziqala ukunwebeka ngokuqinile ewindini. Kulokhu, isithombe esidabukisayo singabhekwa: izitshalo ziba mncane, zidlule futhi zibe buthakathaka.
Abanye abanikazi bazama ukuthola indlela yokuphuma ngokufaka isibuko noma i-foil ngemuva kwezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, inani lokukhanya okutholakele alikajwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhamba kwelanga kukwenzela ukuthi usishintshe njalo isimo sendawo ekhanyayo, esiba yikhanda kumtshali.
Kusetshenziswe futhi namalambu aphelelwe yisikhathi ukukhanyisa izithombo. Kepha le ndlela ingasoma kakhulu amahlumela amancane futhi ivele ishise. Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenzisa isibani se-incandescent ukukhanyisa izithombo, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga elithile ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwesibalo esikhulu sikagesi ngamalambu anjalo nokungakwazi ukudala isibani sokukhanya esidingekayo akubenzi basebenze ngokukhanyisa izithombo ekhaya.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokukhanya kwesithombo
Isibani sokukhanyisa izithombo kumele sihlangabezane nezidingo ezilandelayo:
- Ukukhula kahle kwezitshalo ezisencane kudinga umbala othize. Lapho ukhetha izibani zokukhanyisa okwengeziwe kwezithombo, kungcono ukunikeza ukukhetha kumadivayisi anemisebe ebomvu noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Inhloso enkulu yomthombo wokukhanyisa ukukhanyisa, hhayi ukomisa nokuphakamisa izinga lokushisa lomoya.
- Imisebe yesibani ukukhanyisa izithombo kufanele ithambe futhi ingacasuki.
- Isitsha esinezithombo kufanele sikhanyiswe ngokulinganayo. Ukukhanyisela izithombo zasekhaya kufanele kuthwebule ngisho nezitshalo ezingaphandle.
Ukuthola izithombo ezinhle, kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele kanye nokuqina kokuchayeka kwesithombo. Ukwanda kokukhanya kuzoncika kumandla wezibani akhethiwe kanye nebanga ukusuka kuye ebusweni. Ukwakha izimo ezifanele lapho ufaka isibani ukukhanyisa izithombo kuzosiza umthetho olula. Ukuze ungasimi isitshalo, udinga ukubeka isandla sakho endaweni ekhanyisiwe. Uma ukushisa kuzwakala, khona-ke insiza kufanele isuswe.
Okwamukelekayo kakhulu ezitshalweni kubhekwa njengezinga lokukhanya ngaphakathi kwezinkulungwane eziyi-8 zikanokusho. Ukutshala izithombo ekhaya ngokuvumayo kukuvumela ukuthi uzuze ukukhanyisa kuze kufike ku-6 izinkulungwane ze-lux. Umphumela ofanayo ungatholakala ngokukhanyisa amahlumela hhayi kuphela ekuseni noma kusihlwa, kodwa futhi ngezinsuku ezinamafu.
Ukunquma ukuthi isitshalo sidinga ukukhanyiselwa okwengeziwe silula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuqondisa ugongolo lwedivaysi kuzithombo futhi uma kungekho mehluko phakathi kwendawo ekhanyisiwe futhi engahlukanisiwe, khona-ke izithombo zemvelo zanele izithombo ezincane.
Khetha isibani sokukhanya
I-photosynthesis esezingeni eliphakeme yamaseli ezitshalo idinga ukubonwa okugcwele okugcwele, okukhona elangeni. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanyisa izithombo zasendlini kudinga ubuwena obukhulu ngokukhanya kwelanga, okuqukethe amaza obude obuhlukahlukene nemibala ehlukene.
Isibuko ngasinye sinomphumela ohlukile ekukhuleni kwesitshalo:
- Ukukhanya oku-red orange. Ngaphansi kwesenzo sawo, ukuhluma kwembewu kuyasheshiswa, izimila ziyathuthuka futhi nokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuyakhuthazeka.
- I-Violet eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuvezwa kwezithombo endlini ngemisebe enjalo kusiza ukwandisa ukukhula kweseli kanye nokuvela kwamahlumela aqinile futhi amafushane.
- Luhlaza ophuzi. Le ngxenye yesikhonkwane empeleni ayimunwa yizitshalo, ngoba ibonakala ebusweni beshidi.
Ungazigcwalisa kanjani izithombo kuzintshalo zemifino ukunquma. Ukukhetha kuzoncika ezimfanelweni zezakhiwo, isigaba sentuthuko, uhlobo kanye namasiko ahlukahlukene.
Yiziphi izibani okufanele uzikhethele ukukhanyisa izithombo ekhaya?
Ochwepheshe bayaqiniseka ukuthi ukhiye wokukhula kahle kwesitshalo ukukhanyiselwa. Kuze kube manje, imakethe yamadivayisi okukhanyisa alolu hlobo imelelwa ngezinhlobonhlobo. Kodwa-ke, kuzoba mnandi kunoma yimuphi umlimi wemifino ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izibani okufanele zikhethe izithombo zokukhanyisa ekhaya ukuze zisebenze kahle futhi zingabizi kangako.
Izithombo ezikhanyayo ngamalambu e-LED. Yilolu hlobo lokukhanya okuthandwa ukuthandwa phakathi kwezakhamizi zasehlobo. Njengoba isilinganiso phakathi kokusebenza kahle nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu kaningana kunokusebenza kahle nomnotho wamalambu we-incandescent.
Lapho usebenzisa ukukhanyiswa kwe-seedling ngamalambu e-LED, umlimi uthola lezi zinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.
- Umthombo wokukhanya ungabekwa ebangeni elincane ukusuka kwesitshalo, ngoba isibani sinokushisa okuphansi.
- I-spectrum ekhanyayo, ehlanganisa ama-red and blue bulbs e-LED, ikhombisa imiphumela emihle uma isikhulile.
- Ukuphepha kokusebenza. Uma amanzi ehlahlela isibani, umehluko wokushisa nokuqhekeka ngeke kwenzeke.
- Amanani aphezulu wobungani bemvelo bento.
- Akukho misebe ye-infrared.
Ukukhanya okwengeziwe kwezithombo ezinamalambu e-LED kugwema ukoma ngokweqile kwesitshalo kanye nomswakama omningi we-hot, okuba indawo enhle yokuthuthukiswa kwezifo zokukhunta.
Izithombo ezikhanyayo ngamalambu okonga amandla
Enye indlela efanelekile yokuhlala kwabahlali ehlobo ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi anjalo. "Umgcini wendlu" yishubhu elinama-electrodes. Ingxenye yayo engaphakathi igcwele i-inert igesi, futhi izindonga zimbozwe nge-phosphor. Njengomphumela walo mklamo, ngemuva kokuxhumana kwama-elektroni ahamba ngegesi ye-inert nokudlula kwawo ngokusebenzisa ifosphor, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kwakhiwa.
Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet inenzuzo kulesi simila. Banomthelela ekukhuleni okukhulu kwezithombo, okuthi ngaphansi kwethonya lazo ziqine futhi zizothile ngombala. Okubaluleke ngokufanayo lapho kukhanyiswa izithombo ezinamalambu okonga amandla ukuncishiswa kwamagciwane ahlukahlukene.
Futhi, izinzuzo zamadivaysi anjalo zifaka ukushoda kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu esibani. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze i-microclimate edingekayo ezungeze izitshalo futhi akuvumeli ukukhuphula izinga lomswakama womoya. Ukubeka amalambu okonga amandla eduze kwezithombo kubhekwa njengokuphephe ngokuphelele.
Futhi ekuphetheni, ngaphezu kwezifiso zesizini ephumelelayo, abalimi bemifino bathanda ukukhumbuza abalandeli ukuthi awukho umthombo wokukhanya okwenziwe ngomlomo ongathatha isikhundla semisebe yelanga. Ngakho-ke, uma kungenzeka, qiniseka ukuthatha izitshalo ngaphansi kwelanga lentwasahlobo elifudumele, elizovumela ukuba baqine futhi bakhuthale ngokwengeziwe.
Ividiyo: izinzuzo zezinhlamvu ze-LED zokugqamisa izithombo
UValery Medvedev kwizithombo zokukhanyisa ze-LED
