I-Irga, noma isinamoni (i-Amelanchier) - isihlahla esihlwabusayo sesihlahla noma isihlahla esincane, singesomndeni wakwaPink nohlobo lweYablonev. Emvelweni wemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zezinto ezihlukene, eziningi zazo zitholakala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe.
I-Irga ingakhula kumhlaba lohlukahlukene - edwaleni, ehlathini, emhlangeni. Amajikijolo awo anoku ukunambitheka okumnandi nokwakheka okubalulekile, futhi isitshalo ngokwaso sihlobisa kakhulu nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Entwasahlobo, isiko lidonsela ukunaka ngokungajwayelekile kwamaqabunga awo aqhakaza imibala enama-pubescence amnandi. Ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho, ukuguqulwa komlingo kuqala - isihlahla simbozwe ngama-inflemcence ama -hlanga avela kuningi lezimbali ezinamakha we-pink and white hue. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamagilebhisi, “ama-apula” avuthwa kancane kancane futhi adlale ngopende wekhilimu, opinki, onsomi kanye nemibala ebomvu. Ngokufika kwamakhaza ekwindla, amaqabunga amajikijolo abuye adlale ngemibala enemibala, ecwebezelayo ngombala ophuzi, owolintshi, obomvu onsomi.
Incazelo yesitshalo irgi
I-Irga isitshalo esaphila isikhathi eside esingakhula iminyaka engama-60-70. Inezinzuzo eziningi - izithelo zivuthwa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zinezindawo eziwusizo nezokwelapha. Amajikijolo aqukethe isitolo sezinto ezidingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo. Umuthi omncane awesabi isomiso nesithwathwa, uyisitshalo soju esihle kunazo zonke phakathi kwezitshalo eziningi, awudingi ulwazi oluningi kulokulima nokunakekelwa. Ukuphela kwento abalimi abayibheka njengekhwalithi engemnandi ye-siren inombolo enkulu yamahlumela ezimpande, ekhula ngokushesha nangesilinganiso esikhulu.
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezifunwe emva kwalabo abalimi Izinhlobo ze-irgi - i-Olkholistnaya, iLamarck, i-Ordinary, i-Kolosistaya, neCanada.
Ukutshala i-Irgi emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukutshala nini
Izithombo ze-Irgi zingatshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla, kepha abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuthi le nqubo isenziwa ngenkathi yezimali.
Indawo kufanele ivuleke, ibe nokukhanya okuningi kwelanga nokushisa. Ngokukhanyisa okunganele, isiko lizosebenzisa amandla hhayi ekwakheni izithelo eziningi, kepha ekufuneni umthombo wokukhanya, amahlumela azoqala ukwelula. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi amanzi asemhlabathini angalali eduze komhlaba. "Umakhelwane" onjalo uzolimaza uhlelo lwempande lwe-irgi.
Umhlabathi osendaweni ekhethiwe ungaba wanoma iyiphi i-acidity, futhi i-loamy evundile noma isihlabathi ilungele kangcono ukwakheka kwayo. Lapho umhlabathi ondla ngokwengeziwe engadini, okuncane kuzoba ukwakheka kwamahlumela ezimpande futhi kube nokuningi okuthe xaxa ngokuthela kwamajikijolo.
Ukulungiswa kwesiza
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela uyanconywa ukuthi uqale ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo. Okokuqala udinga ukuhlanza umhlaba ngokuphelele kusuka kukhula nasezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo, bese uwumbula ngokujula kwe-10-15 cm. Ngaphambi nje kokutshala, umanyolo oqukethe i-potassium ne-phosphorus kufanele ungezwe emhlabathini. Kwimitha ngayinye yesikwele, cishe i-40 g yomanyolo izodingeka.
Ukukhetha izithombo
Lapho ukhetha izithombo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izitshalo ezincane kuphela ezineminyaka eyodwa noma emibili zilungele ukutshala.
Ungatshala kanjani
Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela umgodi wokufika. Ukujula nobubanzi bawo kungamasentimitha angama-60. Inhlabathi (izingxenye ezintathu) kusuka emgodini ixubene nomquba obunjiwe nesihlabathi somfula (ingxenye eyodwa ngayinye). Phansi komgodi, kuhlanganiswa isakhi se-phosphate (400 g), i-potassium (150 g) ne-humus (1-2 amabhakede amakhulu) kuxutshwe, kuhlanganiswe kahle, bese umhlabathi olungiselelwe uthululwa emgodini nge-knoll bese isithombo sibekwa phezu kwaso. Ngemuva kokuba ingxenye yezimpande zesihlahla esisha ibekwe futhi isabalale ngaphezulu, ungagcwalisa wonke umgodi ngenhlabathi. Njengoba usuhlanganise inhlabathi kancane, kubalulekile ukuthi intamo yezimpande ihlale isezingeni lomhlabathi, akunconywa ukuyijula.
Ukunisela kokuqala kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala. Isitshalo ngasinye sizodinga amalitha ayishumi amanzi. Udinga ukulinda kuze kufinyelele wonke amanzi, umhlaba uzinze kancane, bese ufaka inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ethe xaxa emgodini. Umbuthano we-trunk umbozwe nge-mulch kusuka ku-humus noma i-peat, ngemuva kwalokho kwenziwa ukuthenwa kokuqala. Ubude bokudubula ngakunye ngemuva "kokugunda izinwele" akumele kudlule ku-15 cm.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Irga
Ukunakekelwa okuncane kwe-irga kungenye inzuzo yesitshalo ngaphezu kwezinye izilimo zasengadini. Ungenza kahle ngokwakhe, kepha nganoma yikuphi ukunakekelwa uzombonga nakanjani ngobuhle bakhe bokubuka kanye nokuvunwa okuningi kwamajikijolo asezingeni eliphakeme futhi aphilile.
Ukunisela
Ingxenye ye-irgi ingena shí emhlabathini ifinyelele kumamitha amathathu. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi isihlahla sikwazi ukuzihlinzeka ngokwanele ngomswakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko limelana impela nesimo sezulu esomile. Ukunisela ama-berry amahlathi kunconywa kuphela ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo. Inqubo yenziwa kangcono kusetshenziswa ukuthambisa okukhethekile okuhlukanisayo ku-hose. Isikhathi esithandekayo sezinqubo zamanzi yingxenye yesibili yosuku (ngemuva kwamahora ayi-16 kuya ku-17). Ukunisela akwenziwa hhayi kuphela isiyingi esiseduze-stem, kodwa futhi nomqhele wokuhlanza uthuli kusuka kuhlamvu lweqabunga.
Inhlabathi
Kungcono ukunakekela inhlabathi ngemuva kokuthanjiswa. Wonke ukhula kumele asuswe lapho kuqala, futhi inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla idedelwa njalo.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Umanyolo owengeziwe uyadingeka ezitshalweni kuphela eminyakeni engama-3-4 ngemuva kokutshala. Kunconywe ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-liquid organic ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ihlobo njengokufakwa kokuphonswa kwezinyoni. Isihlahla ngasinye sidinga cishe amalitha amahlanu womanyolo, okumele ufakwe enhlabathini enomswakama ngemuva kokushona kwelanga. Ukugqoka okungaphezulu okumisiwe kuthululelwa embuthanweni we-trunk bese kuthululelwa ngamanzi.
Ukufakelwa
U-Irga eneminyaka engu-5-6 ubudala ubudala uhlobene nokufakelwa. Ngenxa yezimpande ezijule emhlabathini, le nqubo ibhekwa njengelukhuni futhi isetshenziswa kuphela esimweni esiphuthumayo. Lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka sisuswe emhlabathini sihlanganiswe nesigaxa sobumba esinobubanzi obungamamitha ayi-1,2 kanye nokujula okungaba amasentimitha angama-70. Ngemuva kokutshala endaweni entsha, umuthi uyaniselwa futhi ufakwe emanzini.
Izihlahla
Izihlahla zokuthena izinhloso zokuhlanzeka noma ukuqina kufanele zenziwe kuphela uma kunesidingo esiphuthumayo salokhu. Isibonelo, akunangqondo ukusika amahlumela ezinhlobo eziphakeme, ngoba lokhu kungenziwa kuphela esemncane kwe-irgi. Eminyakeni elandelayo, kuzoba nzima ukunqoba ukuphakama ngisho nokuma ezitebhisini. "Ukuchetywa" kokuqala kungaqala ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila wesithombo. Isikhathi esivumelana nalokhu ukuqala kuka-Mashi. Kunconywa ukususa amahlumela ezimpande njalo.
Izindawo zokusikeka amahlumela abantu abadala kufanele ziphathwe ngopende ngokusekelwe kokomisa uwoyela.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhula ngemuva kokuvuna, udinga ukususa wonke amahlumela owomile, awomile futhi awugqinsi, bambe isiqephu sengadi bese usebenzisa umanyolo enhlabathini. I-shrub ayidingi indawo yokukhosela phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika, ngoba izizwa imnandi kakhulu nangamaqhwa anamandla kakhulu.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Izifo ezingenzeka zezintombi nto zibolile grey, zomiswa ngaphandle kwamagatsha kanye nokubona kwe-phylostictic. Izindlela zokutakula - ukuthenwa nokususwa okuphuthumayo kwezingxenye ezihlaselwe isitshalo, ukwelashwa ngoketshezi lweBordeaux, i-sulphate yethusi kanye nokujwayelekile kombuso wokunisela.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kuka-Irgi
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Imbewu esisanda kukhiwa ekhishwe kumajikijolo avuthiwe ingcwatshwa ingene ngo-1.5-2 cm enhlabathini, iniselwa ngesisa, embozwe ungqimba lwamahlamvu owomile noma utshani obomile bese ishiywe kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Entwasahlobo, izithombo zinciphile futhi zakha izimo ezinhle zokukhula nentuthuko ephelele. Ukunakekela izithombo kuqukethe ukuthambisa, ukufaka umanyolo nge-nitrogen, kukhulula inhlabathi futhi kususe nokhula.
Ukusakazwa ngokuxhunyelelwa ukusika
Izicucu ze-irgi ezixhunywe emlotheni wentaba oneminyaka emibili entwasahlobo. Isilayi (3 cm cm) senziwa ibanga elingaba ngu-15 cm ngaphezu kwentamo yezimpande. Ukuhlangana kwe-scion kanye nesitoko kumbozwe ngeteyiphu yokunamathela, bese kuthi ukusikwa kwe-scion kufakwe nge-var var yengadi. Ngemuva kokutshala isitoko ebhokisini eline-sandy peat substrate, isitsha sigcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ukushisa kuze kube umphumela oyifunayo.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika okuluhlaza
Kule ndlela yokusabalalisa, ama-aplic cutways asetshenziswa. Iziqongo zisikwa cishe amasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu ubude, zishiya amaqabunga angama-2-2, abekwe esitsheni ngesikhuthazi sokukhula amahora ayi-10-12, bese sigezwa sitshalwe endaweni engama-degree angama-45 ku greenhouse noma ku greenhouse. Kudinga humidization kusuka ku-atomizer enhle, umoya omncane kanye nokushisa okuqhubekayo okungaba ngama-25 degrees Celsius. Ingxenye yezimpande yakhiwa ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3. Ama-cutways atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo kuphela ngenkathi elandelayo yokuwa.
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa
Izendlalelo zimbiwa ezinsukwini zokuqala zasentwasahlobo ezifudumele futhi zinelanga, ngemuva kokumba nokufaka umanyolo enhlabathini ngaphansi kwesitshalo esidala. Ihlumela elingaphansi ligxilisiwe egangeni ngaphansi kwesihlahla, phusha phezulu, linisele. I-Rooting izokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuwa, kepha ungakudlulisela ukubeka endaweni ehlala njalo entwasahlobo.
Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Kukhishwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo emhlabathini, ihlathi kuqala lisuswe kusuka amahlumela angenasidingo futhi alimale, bese lihlukaniswa libe izingxenye eziningi kanye ne-rhizome. U-Delenki watshala ngokushesha emigodini elungiselelwe.
