Ukuba nephunga elimnandi, izimbali ze-hibiscus engagcini ngokujabulisa iso engadini noma efasiteleni elisendlini - zisetshenziselwa nokwenza itiye elinempilo nelinephunga elimnandi. Lesi siphuzo saziwa ngabaningi ngaphansi kwegama elithi "itiye le-Hibiscus". Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hibiscus yengadi iyazikhukhumeza ekunakekeleni nasekuhlobiseni kakhulu.
Ingadi yeHibiscus: isithombe nencazelo
Isimbali sothando noma imbali yabesifazane abahle - lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-hibiscus enjengesihlahla esidumile eHawaii. Imibala emihle ebabazekayo yalesi sitshalo ihlobisa izinwele ngamaholide namantombazane endawo. I-gamut enkulu yezimbali zezitshalo igcizelela kakhulu ubuhle bezinwele.
Ukutshala izitshalo engadini akubangeli ubunzima obuningi, futhi ubukhazikhazi bawo bukhipha umuzwa wokuthula nokuzolaukudlulisela emhlabeni oyingqayizivele wemvelo ye-pristine.
Isithombo esihle sezimbali esingatshalwa sobabili efulethini nasekhishini lasehlobo. I-hibiscus yengadi ingeyeqembu leMalvaceae. Emvelweni yemvelo kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250 ezahlukahlukene zalesi sitshalo - ziyehluka ngobukhulu nangosayizi, kanye nombala wentyatyambo nosayizi wayo.
Ngokwendlela ye-hibiscus, kukhona:
- Izihlahla;
- Izihlahla;
- Izinhlobo ze-Herbaceous;
- Izihlahla zomhlobiso.
Izimbali zezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-hibiscus yengadi zinemibala ekhanyayo, enkulu, nenhle. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Imibala ehlukene nobukhulu, osayizi bentyatyambo nezitshalo ngokwazo.
Ingadi engamelana neqhwa nezinhlobo ezinotshani zithandwa kakhulu, ngoba azikhethiwe kakhulu ekunakekelweni. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-hibiscus eyakheke njengomuthi enezimbali ezinomthambo omise okwezimbali kanye nezimbali ezilula zixakile futhi ziyabukeka. Izinhlobo zezitshalo zinkulu kakhulu: uyabona izimbali kusuka ophuzi, omhlophe kuya obomvu ojulile, okhanyayo okhanyayo, okusajingijolo, onsomi kanye onsomi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemisindo.
Indawo engadini izoncika ezinhlotsheni ezikhethiwe ze-hibiscus. Izitshalo ezikhula kancane zibukeka kahle emikhawulweni ehlanganisiwe. I-Hibiscus yotshani ibukeka kahle ngama roses enezimbali kanye nezitshalo ezingamahlamvu okuhlobisa. Kepha i-hibiscus enjengesihlahla ingashaywa kahle ngokutshala izitshalo eziningana ezinezimbali ezahlukahlukene ekutshaleni okujwayelekile zodwa.
- IHibiscus ingabekezelela iqhwa ku-20C.
- Izimbali zinde impela - kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Ingadi yeHibiscus: ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kabusha
Ukutshala lesi sitshalo ngeke kube yinkinga. Ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okujwayelekile nokukhula, kungakuhle ukhethe indawo enelanga lapho kungekho moya. Lapho utshala i-hibiscus, udinga ukusebenzisa ucebe olunenhlabathi e-humus, evulekile futhi evundile. Ukunisela kumele kube njalo futhi kuvame. Into esemqoka akuyona ukusikaza isitshalo, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba ozungeze imbali uhlale umswakama. Uma isitshalo sihlelwe ngokunakekelwa okuhle, khona-ke isikhathi sempilo se-hibiscus singaba ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-15.
Amabhishi asemasha adinga ukushintshwa kaningana. Njengomthetho, ukufakelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Izinyanga ezi-2 ngemuva kokukhula kwezingcambu, isitshalo singatshalaliswa singene ebhodweni elikhudlwana. Ngokutshala, kuhlanganiswa ingxube yomhlaba kusuka kweshidi, umhlabathi we-turf, isihlabathi ne-humus ngesilinganiso se-3: 4: 1: 1 isetshenzisiwe. Njalo ngonyaka, ngemuva kokufakelwa, udinga ukufaka umhlaba ebhodweni.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kubalulekile ngemuva kokutshala izihlahla ezincane, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Lesi sitshalo kufanele siqashe endaweni yokukhosela, ngoba ngeke sikwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa. Uma ukutshala izihlahla kuhlelwe ekwindla, khona-ke ngaphambi kokufika kwenkathi yasebusika, udinga ukucija umhlaba eduze nembali.
Umanyolo we-hibiscus kumele uqukethe inani elinyukayo le-phosphorus. Ngaphambi kobusika, kucetyiswa ukondla isihlahla ngomanyolo we-potash. Lokhu kuzokwenza ubusika bube lula esitshalweni.
I-Hibiscus Syrian: isithombe nencazelo
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-hibiscus zaseSyria zibonakaliswa izimbali eziqhakazayo ngokungafani nalutho.
Lavender chiffon
Uhlobo olusha lwesiNgisi olunezimbali ezingena kabili nezimbili. Umbala uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala obomvu ophakathi nendawo.
Umuthi omncane noma isihlahla esinqumayo sobukhulu obuphakathi kuye kumamitha ayi-3 nomqhele isiyingi esingu-1.7 m. Sikhula kahle endaweni enelanga, kepha futhi siyakubekezelela ukufiphaza okukhanya.
Inokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene: kungenzeka ukuba uthayiphu onqenqemeni lwotshani, ungatshala isitshalo ngemuva ngemuva kombhede wezimbali noma uthango lokuhlobisa, konke kuya ngokuthi imisebe yelanga ithola kuphi okuningi.
Duc de Brabant
Umuthi omncane noma isihlahlana esinqunyiwe sokuphakama okuphakathi okungamamitha ayi-2-3. Ama-inflorescences makhulu futhi abukeka impela, abomvu ngokunsomi ngokubomvu okugqamile noma omnyama okufakwe ngaphakathi enkabeni, ephindwe kabili, ngo-10 cm ngosayizi.Ukhula kahle endaweni enelanga, kepha uyakwazi ukubekezelela ukumbozwa okuncane.
Isimu se-hibiscus: isithombe nencazelo
I-hibiscus engakhethi engadini yesihlahla sihlahla esiqhakazayo, siqhakaza izinyanga eziyisithupha, kepha imbali eyodwa ihlala usuku kuphela. Esikhundleni sezithambo ezithandekayo, ama-inflorescence amasha eza ngokushesha. I-Hibiscus blooms ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, futhi ivuselela izimbali zayo kuze kube ngu-Okthoba.
Esimweni sezulu esipholile, ukuphakama kwesitshalo akukho ngaphezu kwama-2,5 m, yize endaweni yemvelo izinhlobo zemithi ezinjengesihlahla zifinyelela kusayizi ofinyelela kumamitha ayi-6. Amaqabunga amakhulu wohlobo lwe-ovoid noma oval anombala oluhlaza ocebile. I-inflorescences ihlala yodwa, kunalokho inkulu, ifinyelela cishe ngo-28-31 cm ngokujikeleza.
Ukugibela kwenzeka entwasahlobo. Nakekela ukuthi umuthi owukhulisa engadini uvikelekile kokungakapheli. Ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa nokutshala i-hibiscus, ungakhohlwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo yi-thermophilic futhi sifuna ukukhanyiselwa. Uma uyitshala endaweni enomthunzi, izokhula kancane futhi iqhume buthakathaka.
Uma insimu yendlu yakho itholakala endaweni enomoya opholile, khona-ke Tshala izinhlobo ezingezona eziphindwe kabili - yizona eziqinile kunazo zonke. Ukuze isitshalo siqhume kakhulu, njalo emva kweminyaka emibili sidinga ukuthenwa okuncane. Hlanganisa i-hibiscus ngezihlahla ze-lavender ukuvikela i-hibiscus kusuka ku-aphid.
IHibiscus idinga umhlaba ovundile onesifo esijwayelekile samanzi. Ukunisela okunamandla akudingeki kule mbali - kuyadingeka ukuthambisa umhlaba kuphela ngemuva kokoma. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali okuningana kuzoqinisekiswa, uma ungakhohlwa mayelana nokubheja njalo kwe-phosphorus. Izithako ze-potassium nazo ziyadingeka - ngosizo lwabo, ebusika imbali izoba lula.
Kufanelekile ukukhula kumabhodwe. Isitshalo sidinga ukukhetha okuhle, ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama, indawo - uma kungenjalo, lapho siguqula noma sidlulisa isihlahla esinezimbali, kunengozi enkulu yokwephula izikejana ezibuthakathaka. Khetha indawo efudumele nelanga, evikelekile kokusalungiswa. Embizeni, isihlahla kufanele siklanywe ngezikhathi ezithile - lokhu kungasiza ekugcineni isimo sokuhlobisa.
I-Grass hibiscus: isithombe nencazelo
Isici esihlukile isikhathi eside sokuqhakaza izimbali, futhi izikejana zaso zikhulu ngezikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosayizi, ngokungafani nezinhlobo zezihlahla. Enye inzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo ze-herbaceous ukumelana kwayo kakhulu nesithwathwa.
Isihlahla sinamahlumela amaningi aqondile aqhuma minyaka yonke. Izimbali zalesi sitshalo zipendiwe ngombala we-cherry-raspberry.. Kungcono ukutshala imbali maphakathi nengadi noma ngemuva, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu - cishe amamitha amathathu.
Lapho unakekela le hibiscus, umuntu kufanele abheke ukuthi izimpande zesihlahla zibukeka njengamazambane, ukulimala kwazo kuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ebusika, ngemuva kokuba isihlahla sife, kungakuhle ukuthi ubeke ipuleti endaweni yokukhula kwe-hibiscus ekhombisa indawo okuyo futhi kuzovikela isihlahla ekumbeni.
Izimbali ezinhle nezinkulu ze-hibiscus enotshani zivumelana ngokuphelele nezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi uyitshala engadini yakho.
Njengomthetho, izinhlobo zotshani zitshalwa ezindaweni ezinamaqembu amakhulu noma ekwakhekeni kwemingcele. Lezi zitshalo zingahlobisa indawo esebeni lolwandle echibini lasekhaya. Kepha ukulima kumele kwenziwe ezindaweni ezinelanga, kuvikelwe ezinhlaka.
Isitshalo asinazidingo ezikhethekile zenhlabathi. Ikhula kangcono ngokuthamba, futhi ayibekezeleli inhlabathi ene-calcareous. Indima ebalulekile ekunakekelweni kwe-hibiscus idlalwa ngokudonsa amanzi endaweni yokufika kanye nokukhululwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba ukubeka amanzi kanye nokubekwa phansi kwenhlabathi kungadala ukufa kwesihlahla.
Entwasahlobo udinga ukwakha izithombo zokugcina izithombo ezivela kwifilimu, ngoba imbali iyakuthanda ukushisa kanye nomswakama. Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, lesi sitshalo sizokhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Lapho kuqala ihlobo, izingadi zokugcina imvelo ziyahlanzwa. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeGrassy zithanda ukuthambisa njalo, ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokuqala sokutshala. Ekupheleni kokuqhakaza, ukunisela kufanele kuncishiswe kancane.
Izihlahla zengadi hibiscus
Ukuthena ngezikhathi ezithile ku-hibiscus kuyadingeka; izihlahla zokuthena amahlumela ziwusizo kusitshalo. Isihlahla sakha izimbali eziqhakaza amahlumela amasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlahla ziyadingeka ukuze isitshalo sinikeze ukwakheka kokuhlobisa.
Entwasahlobo, finyeza ukukhula kwe-hibiscus ngonyaka odlule ngo-1/3. Lokhu kukhulisa kakhulu inani lezinso ezintsha. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sidinga ukuthamba okukhanyayo, okuvela ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ungawuthena kanjani ama-hibiscus?
- Ngemuva kokutshala isitshalo esincane, susa wonke amahlumela awonakele futhi abuthaka. Ukukhula ngokulinganayo kwesitshalo esiqhekezayo, futhi ngokuzayo, udinga ukuthenwa kakhadinali. Uma ufuna ukwakha umuthi ojwayelekile, lapho-ke udinga ukubekezela, ngoba kuthatha ngaphezu konyaka owodwa ukukhulisa isiqu.
- Khipha amahlumela aqothulwe ngezinga lama-buds ambalwa. Isiqu esikhulu asibunjiwe. Ngesizini elandelayo, kusuka ngoFebhuwari, phinda usike amahlumela avuthiwe abe yinso elilodwa, nesigaxa esikhulu kuya kwezinso eziyi-6-7. Lapho isihlahla sifinyelela usayizi osidingayo, yakha umqhele kusuka amahlumela aqine kunawo, awenze amafushane ngamahlumela ambalwa, unqume phezulu kwesiqu bese ususa lonke ihlumela le-lateral.
- Lapho usuzuzile ukwakheka komqhele okudingekayo, bese unquma kuphela amahlumela ome futhi abuthakathaka. Amagatsha Amancanyana asikiwe efihlekile ezimbalwa. Uma isikhathi siqhubeka lesi sitshalo siba munxa munye, khona-ke susa amagatsha angafuneki kuso noma uwasike kube amahlumela amasha.
Ukuzala kweHibiscus
Ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kwe-hibiscus, ukukhiqiza kabusha kwenziwa nge-cutways, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla, kanye nembewu. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala isitshalo esivela ezinhlanyelweni, khona-ke ungakhohlwa ukuthi le nqubo ingenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlakazeka kabusha.
Indwangu yokutshala imbozwe ungqimba oluncane lomhlaba, yenza ukuthambisa kancane, ngokwesibonelo, ngesitshizi, bese ibekelwa inyanga esiqandisini. Ngemuva kokusakazeka kwembewu ye-hibiscus, ukuhlwanyela ku-substrate elungiselelwe kwenziwakuxutshwe kusuka esihlabathini nas peat. Isitsha kumele sivalwe nge-polyethylene noma ingilazi bese sishiywe ekushiseni okungama-25-27 gr. Khipha umoya ngezikhathi ezithile bese ufafaza isitsha. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho imbewu ihluma, udinga ukulinda ukwakheka kwamaqabunga amaningana. Lezi zinhlanga zingena ezimbizeni ezahlukene. Ukuqhakaza kombhede wezimbali we-hibiscus otshalwe kusuka imbewu kwenzeka ngonyaka wesithathu.
Uma ukusakazwa kwe-hibiscus kwenziwa nge-cuttings, khona-ke isikhathi esingcono kakhulu salokhu intwasahlobo. Ngamahlumela amasha, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukusika okungaphezulu, okunama-internode ambalwa. Izihlahla kwenziwa ngo-5 cm ngaphansi kwesigaxa. Ngemuva kokuba phezulu kwesiqu kunqunywe phezu kwefindo bese kuthi kusikwa kwenziwa phezu kwezihlahla ezinomphumela. Ukusuka ezansi kwengxenye, kuyadingeka ukususa ingxenye yesiqu namaqabunga. Amaqabunga ambalwa asele anqunywa phakathi.
Ukusheshisa izinqubo zokuthuthuka, ukusikwa kuphathwa ngezinto ezikhulisayo, bese zingcwatshwa emhlabathini kuze kube yizindawo eziseduze. Ukufakelwa kumbozwe ngefilimu futhi kugcinwe emazingeni okushisa angama-18-20 g. Ngemuva kwenyanga, isihlahla sizokhula futhi singadluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo. Lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka owodwa emva kokutshala.
I-hibiscus ende neqinile ayidingi ukunakwa kakhulu, kepha ihlobisa noma iyiphi ingadi ngezimbali ezinhle. Konke okudingeka ukwenze ukutshala izitshalo ezengeziwe ukunxephezela isikhathi esingenazithelo sesitshalo esisodwa kwesinye. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, i-hibiscus isitshalo esisebenza ndawo yonke. Izimbali ezinhle nokunakekelwa okulula kwenze kwaba enye yezihlahla ezidumile ezitshalwa engadini noma efulethini.
